Risk factors for mortality due to natural causes and suicide among people with severe mental illness in western China.

Excess mortality in people with severe mental illness (SMI) has been extensively reported. However, little is known about mortality due to natural causes and suicide and their risk factors among people with SMI in western China. The study was conducted to determine the risk factors of natural death and suicide among people with SMI in western China. A totoal of 20,195 SMI patients in western China derived from severe mental illness information system in Sichuan province (January 1, 2006, through July 31, 2018) were included in the cohort study. Mortality rates per 10,000 person-years of natural causes and suicide for patients were calculated with different characteristics. Fine-Gray competing risk model was used to identify risk factors of natural death and suicide. The mortality was 132.8 per 10,000 person-years for natural death and 13.6 per 10,000 person-years for suicide. Males, older age, divorced/widowed, poverty and no anti-psychotic treatment were significantly associated with natural death. Higher education and suicide attempt were strong risk factors of suicide. Risk factors were not shared across natural death and suicide among people with SMI in western China. Risk management and interventions for people with SMI should be tailored for specific causes of death.

[Factors Influencing Suicide Deaths in Patients With Schizophrenia Based on Cohort Data: An Empirical Study of a Sample of 170006 Patients in Sichuan Province].

Objective: To prospectively explore the risk factors of suicide in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Data on schizophrenia patients in Sichuan Province between 2006 and 2018 were obtained from the National Severe Mental Disorders Information System, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to explore for risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia patients. Result: A total of 170006 patients with schizophrenia were included in the study. At the end of the follow-up period, 160570 patients were alive and 9436 died from various causes, 929 of which being suicide deaths, resulting in a suicide rate of 223.61/100, 000 person-years. The Cox proportional hazards regression model suggested that risk factors for suicide in patients with schizophrenia included poverty ( HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.02-1.41), higher education level (primary school [ HR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.09-1.60], middle school [ HR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.14-1.73], high school and above [ HR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.49-2.52]) in comparison with illiteracy and semi-literacy, suicide attempts ( HR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.70-4.29), strict medication compliance ( HR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.66-2.20), history of antipsychotic drug therapy ( HR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.06-1.90), younger age group of patients of 46-60 ( HR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.60-2.39), 31-45 ( HR=3.61, 95% CI: 2.92-4.47), and 15-30 ( HR=12.37, 95% CI: 9.69-15.78) compared with the 61-90 age group, and doing agriculture jobs ( HR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.13-1.65). Conclusion: Young and middle-aged schizophrenia patients with higher education levels, especially those with a history of suicide attempts, are at high risk for suicide. Focused interventions should be directed at high-risk groups to reduce suicide deaths in patients with schizophrenia.

Circ_MBNL3 Restrains Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Sponging miR-873-5p to Release PHF2.

Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have shown key regulatory roles in human malignancies. The working mechanism of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be elucidated. Methods Cell proliferation was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, and colony formation assay. Xenograft tumor model was established to analyze the role of circ_MBNL3 on tumor growth in vivo. Results Circ_MBNL3 expression was notably down-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Circ_MBNL3 overexpression suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced the apoptosis of HCC cells. miR-873-5p directly targeted the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of PHF2, and PHF2 was negatively regulated by miR-873-5p in HCC cells. miR-873-5p silencing-induced anti-tumor influences were largely reversed by the interference of PHF2 in HCC cells. Circ_MBNL3 restrained xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Circ_MBNL3 restrained the proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted the apoptosis of HCC cells depending on the regulation of miR-873-5p/PHF2 axis.

Association between incidence of injuries and health related behavior among middle school students in five provinces in China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between incidence of injuries and health related behavior among middle school students in China, to provide evidence for injury prevention.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 067 students who were selected from Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Guizhou provinces by using stratified random cluster sampling method. Chi square test and multiple Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze incidence of injuries and health related behavior.@*Results@#The prevalence of self injury among middle school students in five provinces was 11.0%, the prevalence of intentional injury was 13.2%. Multiple Logistic regression analyses showed that attempting smoking, not eating breakfast every day, having a low mood more than 2 weeks in the past 6 months were positively correlated with self injury ( OR=3.02, 2.04, 4.30, P ＜0.01) after adjusting for region, and the smoking attempt behavior was positively correlated with intentional injury ( OR=2.03, P ＜0.05) after adjusting for region, urban and rural, residence condition, weekly allowance condition.@*Conclusion@#Smoking attempt behavior could be viewed as a shared predictor for both self injury and intentional injury behavior among middle school students, smoking control intervention should be carried out actively among students.

Prevalence of violence to others among individuals with schizophrenia in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Violence to others (hereinafter referred to as "violence-TO") is common in individuals with schizophrenia. The reported prevalence of violence-TO among schizophrenics ranges widely in existing studies. Improved prevalence estimates and identification of moderators are needed to guide future management and research. Methods: We searched EBSCO, EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WANFANG data, and CBM for relevant articles published before June 5, 2022. Meanwhile, violence-TO was summarized into four categories: (a) violence-TO on the reviews of official criminal or psychiatric records (type I); (b) less serious forms of violence-TO (type II); (c) physical acts causing demonstrable harm to victims (type III); (d) homicide (type IV). We did meta-analysis for the above types of violence-TO, respectively, and applied subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses to investigate the source of heterogeneity. Results: A total of 56 studies were eligible in this study and 34 of them were high-quality. The prevalence of type I to type IV in individuals with schizophrenia in China was 23.83% (95% CI: 18.38-29.75%), 23.16% (95% CI: 8.04-42.97%), 17.19% (95%CI: 8.52-28.04%), and 0.62% (95% CI: 0.08-1.54%) respectively. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of type I was higher among subjects in the inland than in the coastal non-economic zone, while the prevalence of type III was the highest in the coastal economic zone, followed by the inland region and the lowest in the coastal non-economic zone. The results of multivariate meta-regression analyses showed that: patient source in type I (ß = 0.15, P < 0.01), patient source (ß = 0.47, P < 0.01), and proportion of male (ß = 0.19, P < 0.01) in type II, age (ß = 0.25, P < 0.01), and GDP per capita (ß = 0.05, P = 0.01) in type III were statistically significant. Conclusion: The prevalence of different types of violence-TO and their influencing factors varied. Therefore, the authorities should take different management measures. In addition to individual factors, regional factors may also affect violence-TO, which suggests the need for a multi-sectorial approach to prevention and treatment for subjects in different regions and adopting targeted control strategies. Systematic Review Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [CRD42021269767].

Life expectancy and potential years of life lost for schizophrenia in western China.

Excess mortality in people with schizophrenia has been extensively reported. However, little is known about the life expectancy and potential years of life lost (PYLL) in western China. This study aimed to estimated life expectancy and PYLL for people with schizophrenia in western China. A total of 228,572 people with schizophrenia were included from National Information System for Psychosis in one province of western China. Life-expectancy was calculated by using Chiang's method. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the age-sex standardized PYLL for different causes of death among different demographic characteristics groups. Life expectancy for men and women with schizophrenia was 52.8 years and 59.0 years respectively. The overall PYLL of people with schizophrenia was 18.4 years, and suicide had the largest PYLL (31.2 years) among all causes of mortality. The PYLL due to suicide was significantly higher among men, high school and above, non-poverty, non-farmer and divorced people with schizophrenia. The PYLL due to diseases and medical conditions was higher among men, illiteracy, farmer and unmarried people with schizophrenia. Strategies to prevent causes of premature death in schizophrenia are urgently required in western China, particularly in the promotion of physical health and prevention of suicide.

[Reliability and validity of Professional Quality of Life Scale among government staff in earthquake - stricken areas in China].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability and validity of Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL-30, 4th version, 30 items) among government staff in the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas METHODS: A total of 1,175 members of government staff in the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas were selected by convenience sampling and required to complete the ProQOL and Self-Reporting Questionnair (SRQ). The reliability and validity of the scale was evaluated by correlation analysis, t-test, and confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS: Item-total correlation coefficients of the three subscales were 0.590 - 0.752, 0.389 - 0.603, and 0.340 - 0.647, respectively (P<0.05), and the average coefficients were 0.672, 0.482, and 0.555 respectively (P<0.05). The Cronbach's α coefficients of the three subscales were 0.864, 0.569, and 0.742 respectively, and the split-half reliabilities were 0.829, 0.490, and 0.677, respectively. P value was 0.88 in thE chi-square test of confirmatory factor analysis model. Goodness-of-fit indices of ProQOL-30 included GFI=0.895 NFI=0.856, CFI=0.895, RMSEA=0.063, and AGFI=0.912. For the ProQOL-28 as an optimized version o ProQOL-30, the Cronbach's a coefficients for burnout and trauma/compassion fatigue increased to 0.616 and 0.757, respectively. P value was 0.91 in the chi-square test of confirmatory factor analysis model test. Goodness-of-fit indices of ProQOL-28 were GFI =0.913, AGFI =0.924, NFI =0.900, CFI =0.913, and RMSEA =0.031 CONCLUSION: ProQOL-28 has good reliability and validity among government staff in the earthquake-stricker areas in China.