Prevalence of frailty among patients with inflammatory bowel disease and its association with clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Studies have reported frailty as an independent risk factor of mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted to determine the relationship of frailty and IBD. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of frailty in patients with IBD and the impact of frailty on the clinical prognosis of these patients. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Ovid (Medline), Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from database inception until October 2022. This systematic review included observational studies describing IBD and frailty. We performed meta-analysis for the frailty prevalence in patients with IBD. We analyzed primary outcomes (mortality) and secondary outcomes (infections, hospitalizations, readmission, and IBD-related surgery). RESULTS: Nine studies with a total of 1,495,695 participants were included in our meta-analysis. The prevalence of frailty was 18% in patients with IBD. The combined effect analysis showed that frail patients with IBD had a higher risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-4.55) than non-frail patients with IBD. The hazard ratio for infections (HR = 1.23, 0.94-1.60), hospitalizations (HR = 1.72, 0.88-3.36), readmission (HR = 1.21, 1.17-1.25) and IBD-related surgery (HR = 0.78, 0.66-0.91) in frail patients with IBD. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that frailty is a significant independent predictor of mortality in patients with IBD. Our work supports the importance of implementing frailty screening upon admission in patients with IBD. More prospective studies are needed to investigate the influence of frailty on patients with IBD and improve the poor prognosis of patients with frailty and IBD.

The expression of Nanog protein and fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and their relationship with pathological characteristics and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the expression of Nanog and fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to explore their relationship with pathological characteristics and prognosis. METHODS: The clinical data of 89 patients with NSCLC admitted to this hospital from March 2015 to January 2019 were analyzed. The expression of Nanog and Fn14 in NSCLC tissues and normal tissues (5 cm around the tumor tissue) were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between Nanog and Fn14 expression and the patients' pathological parameters was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn to analyze the influence of Nanog and Fn14 expression on prognosis, and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the related factors affecting the 2-year prognostic mortality of patients. RESULTS: The positive rates of Nanog and Fn14 in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The positive expression rates of Nanog and Fn14 were higher in patients with moderate/high differentiation, TNM stage III-IV, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Among 89 patients with NSCLC, 25 patients died within 2 years of follow-up, with a survival rate of 71.91%. The mortality of patients with positive expression of Nanog and Fn14 was significantly higher than that of patients with negative expression (P<0.05). The median survival times of patients with negative and positive Nanog expression were (20.60±2.71) months and (18.03±2.11) months, respectively. The median survival times of patients with negative and positive Fn14 expression were (19.55±2.60) months and (15.65±2.14) months, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that patients with both negative expression of Nanog and Fn14 had a longer survival time (P<0.05). Poor differentiation, TNM stage III-IV, lymph node metastasis, positive expression of Nanog, and positive expression of Fn14 were identified as risk factors affecting the prognostic mortality of patients with NSCLC (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nanog and Fnl4 are closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of NSCLC. Detection of their expression levels can provide reliable information for the early diagnosis of patients with NSCLC.

Fabrication of graphene-platinum nanocomposite for the direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of myoglobin.

In this paper a platinum (Pt) nanoparticle decorated graphene (GR) nanosheet was synthesized and used for the investigation on direct electrochemistry of myoglobin (Mb). By integrating GR-Pt nanocomposite with Mb on the surface of carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE), a new electrochemical biosensor was fabricated. UV-Vis absorption and FT-IR spectra indicated that Mb remained its native structure in the nanocomposite film. Electrochemical behaviors of Nafion/Mb-GR-Pt/CILE were investigated with a pair of well-defined redox peak appeared, which indicated that direct electron transfer of Mb was realized on the underlying electrode with the usage of the GR-Pt nanocomposite. The fabricated electrode showed good electrocatalytic activity to the reduction of trichloroacetic acid in the linear range from 0.9 to 9.0 mmol/L with the detection limit as 0.32 mmol/L (3σ), which showed potential application for fabricating novel electrochemical biosensors and bioelectronic devices.