A sandwiched Co4-added polyoxometalate for efficient visible light-driven hydrogen evolution.

A new Co4-added polyoxometalate (CoAP) Cs4[(Co(H2O)5)2{(µ2-Co(H2O)4)2Co4(H2O)2(B-α-GeW9O34)2}]·6H2O (1) has been made using a lacunary directing strategy under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that 1 is a one-dimensional (1D) chain, in which CoAP is linked by cobalt-oxygen octahedra to form a 1D structure with excellent chemical stability. The visible light-driven H2 evolution test demonstrated that 1 has high activity, with an H2 evolution rate of 1485.95 µmol h-1 g-1. PXRD and FT-IR tests demonstrated that compound 1 exhibits excellent heterogeneous catalytic stability.

A comparative study on the application of different endoscopic diagnostic methods in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant bile duct strictures.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic value of cytobrush, ERCP-guided biopsy, SpyGlass direct visual impression and SpyGlass-guided biospy (SpyBite) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant bile duct strictures. Methods: The data of 1,008 patients who were clinically diagnosed with indeterminate biliary strictures and underwent ERCP-guided biopsy, cytobrush, SpyGlass direct visual impression or SpyBite at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2010 and December 2019 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The final diagnose was determined by surgical pathological specimen or follow-up (Malignant stricture can be identified if the stricture showed malignant progression during one year of follow-up). The differential diagnostic value of the above endoscopic diagnostic methods was evaluated by means of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, etc. and safety was evaluated by the incidence rate of adverse events. Results: In terms of sensitivity, standard biopsy group (48.6%) and SpyBite group (61.5%) were significantly higher than cytobrush group (32.0%), and visual impression group (100%) was significantly higher than any other group. As far as specificity was concerned, cytobrush group (99.0%), standard biopsy group (99.3%) and the SpyBite group (100%) were significantly higher than visual impression (55.6%), but there was no statistical difference among the three groups above. As far as accuracy was concerned, standard biopsy group (65.3%), and SpyBite group (80.0%) were significantly higher than cytobrush group (44.4%), and SpyBite group (80.0%) was significantly higher than visual impression group (54.8%). In terms of safety, visual impression group and SpyBite group were significantly higher than cytobrush group and standard biopsy group in post-ERCP cholangitis. Conclusion: SpyBite combined with SpyGlass-guided visual impression was better for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant bile duct strictures in terms of sensitivity and accuracy compared with conventional endoscopic diagnostic methods such as cytobrush and standard biopsy. Furthmore, the incidence rates of adverse events after SpyGlass examination was similar to those after conventional endoscopic diagnostic methods except for higher cholangitis, which could be controlled by antibiotics and might be avoided by adequate biliary drainage.

Two New Aluminoborates with 3D Porous-Layered Frameworks.

Two new aluminoborates, NaKCs[AlB7O13(OH)]·H2O (1) and K4Na5[AlB7O13(OH)]3·5H2O (2), have been hydro(solvo)thermally made with mixed alkali metal cationic templates. Both 1 and 2 crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n and contain similar units of [B7O13(OH)]6- cluster and AlO4 tetrahedra. The [B7O13(OH)]6- cluster is composed of three classical B3O3 rings by vertex sharing, of which two of them connect with AlO4 tetrahedra to constitute monolayers, and one provides an O atom as a bridging unit to link two oppositely orientated monolayers by Al-O bonds to form 3D porous-layered frameworks with 8-MR channels. UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra indicate that both 1 and 2 exhibit short deep-UV cutoff edges below 190 nm, revealing that they have potential applications in deep-UV regions.

40Ni-Added Poly(polyoxometalate) Assembled by {Ni6GeW9} and {Ni8(GeW9)2} Units: Structure, Magnetic, and Heterogeneous Catalysis Properties.

A novel 40Ni-added germanotungstate, Cs8K14Na3H3{[Ni6(OH)3(H2O)6(B-α-GeW9O34)]2[Ni8(µ6-O)(µ2-OH)2 (µ3-OH)2(H2O)B2O3(OH)2(B-α-GeW9O34)2]}2·84H2O (1), was made by the reaction of the trivacant [A-α-GeW9O34]10- ({GeW9}) precursor with Ni2+ cations and B5O8-, and systematically investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction. Single crystal X-ray analysis indicates that the polyoxoanion of 1 is a novel octamer constructed by {Ni6GeW9} and {Ni8(GeW9)2} structural building units via Ni-O═W linkages. The magnetic behavior shows the existence of overall ferromagnetic interactions among the Ni2+ centers in compound 1. Photocatalytic H2 production studies have implied that 1 can work as a heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogen production with decent robustness and recyclability.

A {Co9}-Added Polyoxometalate for Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution.

A polyanion cluster H6Na8Cs3[Co9(µ3-OH)3(H2O)6(HPO4)2(B-α-PW9O34)3]Cl·40H2O (1) was made with the guidance of the lacunary directing strategy under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses showed that 1 consists of three anions [B-α-PW9O34]9- and a cyclic cationic [Co9(µ3-OH)3(H2O)6]15+ and two anions HPO42-. Variable-magnetic properties indicate antiferromagnetic interactions in 1. Visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution tests demonstrated that 1 was an efficient water reduction catalyst with an H2 evolution rate of 1217.6 µmol h-1 g-1.

Chiral {Ni6PW9} Cluster-Organic Framework: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties.

A chiral three-dimensional polyoxometalate cluster-organic framework (POMCOF) H3[(btc)Ni6(µ3-OH)3(H2O)5(B-α-PW9O34)]·17H2O (1, btc = 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate) has been made under hydrothermal conditions in the absence of amine or chiral starting reagents. 1 shows high stability in CH3CN/DMF (1:3), acidic, and basic solutions with the pH ranging from 2 to 12 for 5 days. The UV-vis reflectance spectra and Mott-Schottky measurements reveal that 1 could be a suitable catalyst for photocatalysis. Visible-light-driven H2 evolution studies have demonstrated that 1 is an ecofriendly, efficient, and recyclable catalyst with a H2 evolution rate of 1058.24 µmol h-1g-1. Nonlinear optical (NLO) measurement reveals that 1 exhibits a second-harmonic generation (SHG) response of about 1.4 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP), indicating that 1 is a potential NLO material as well.

Challenging Diagnosis and Endoscopic Management of Dieulafoy's Lesion-Induced Small-Bowel Bleeding: A Case Report.

Small-bowel bleeding is a relatively uncommon event of gastrointestinal bleeding. Some causes of small-bowel bleeding, such as vascular lesions, are still challenging to confirm, despite the use of various diagnostic modalities (e.g., capsule endoscopy, deep enteroscopy, and radiographic imaging). Vascular lesion-induced bleeding tends to be insidious and intermittent, but sometimes it can be massive and fatal, so that the timing of an endoscopy is critical. We describe herein the case of an elderly female patient with Dieulafoy's lesion-induced small-bowel bleeding presenting with recurrent melena. In this article, we describe how the cause of her bleeding was found and how the bleeding was stopped endoscopically. Finally, we discuss the characteristics of a small-bowel Dieulafoy's lesion and its endoscopic treatment.

PAH mutation spectrum and correlation with PKU manifestation in north Jiangsu province population.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a common autosomal recessive disorder of phenylalanine metabolism and mainly results a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase gene (PAH). The incidence of various PAH mutations have race and ethnicity differences. We report a spectrum of PAH mutations complied from 35 PKU children who are all Chinese Han population from north Jiangsu in this study. All 13 exons and their flanking intron sequences of PAH were determined by Ion Torrent PGM™ sequencing. The relationship of genotype and phenotype was analyzed based on the sum of the arbitrary value (AV) values of the two alleles. We identified 61 mutations, with a frequency of 87.14%, among 70 alleles of 35 patients. The most prevalent mutations were R243Q (26.23%), R241C (9.84%) and V399V (8.20%). Furthermore, the consistency between prediction of the biochemical phenotype and the observed phenotype was 81.25%, with the highest consistency observed in classic PKU (87.50%). A significant correlation was found between pretreatment levels of phenylalanine and AV sum (r = -0.87, P < 0.05). Finally, our study constructs PAH mutation spectrum by next generation sequencing (NGS), and reveals that the PAH genotypes and biochemical phenotypes were significantly correlated. These offers facilitate the provision of appropriate genetic counseling for PKU patients.

[The use of minimally invasive injectable graft and internal fixation in tibial plateau fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To value the use of an injectable minimally invasive calcium sulfate cement for displaced tibial plateau fractures. METHODS: Thirteen patients with lateral tibial plateau fractures treated with internal fixation and bone grafting were matched with 13 patients treated using internal fixation and an injectable calcium sulfate cement. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were followed up for a minimum of one year. The peri-operative complication, quality of reduction, maintenance of reduction, function assessment and development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis was compared in both groups. RESULTS: Ten patients in the internal fixation and bone graft group had excellent anatomical reductions as judged on immediate post-operative radiographs but some loss of reduction on follow-up at one year was observed in 8 of the 13 (61%) cases. Twelve patients from the MIIG group had an excellent reduction on immediate post-operative radiographs but 3 (23%)demonstrated some loss of reduction of the plateau at one year follow-up (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of MIIG and internal fixation is associated with more favourable clinical results than conventional treatment with internal fixation and bone grafting for lateral tibial plateau fractures.

[Percutaneous reduction and fixation of osteoporotic fractures for the proximal humerus in a geriatric population].

OBJECTIVE: To appraise the value of clinical treatment of percutaneous reduction and fixation of osteoporotic fractures for the proximal humerus in a geriatric population. METHODS: Postoperation complication, mortality in hospital and within the first three months postoperation, operation time, blood transfusion requirement, the functional outcome of the shoulder had been analysed and observed in 37 cases for open and closed fixation. RESULTS: Closed reduction provided the benefit of obtaining and holding adequate reduction without the soft-tissue dissection of open reduction and internal fixation. The general complication and mortality in the first three months postoperation in the open reduction and internal fixation cases were more severe than the percutaneous cases. CONCLUSIONS: Open operation increases the risk of the geriatric population with osteoporotic proximal humerus fracture; percutaneous reduction and fixation may be preferable.