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1.
Crit Rev Immunol ; 44(6): 49-61, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38848293

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Sustained expression of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC01106 in tumors is crucial for the malignant phenotype of tumor cells. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and clinical effects of LINC01106 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are limited. This study shows the effect of vir-like m6A methyltransferase-associated (KIAA1429)-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification on steady LINC01106 expression on LUAD progression. METHODS: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine LINC01106 and KIAA1429 levels in LUAD tissues. Transwell, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to analyze the functional roles of LINC01106. A xenograft was constructed to verify the function of silencing LINC01106 in tumor growth. The regulatory role of LINC01106 was investigated using methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), qRT-PCR, and the actinomycin D assay. Western blotting was used to identify key proteins in the JAK/STAT3 (JAK2, STAT3) pathway. RESULTS: LINC01106 and KIAA1429 were highly expressed in LUAD, and LINC01106 was interconnected with high tumor grade, stage, and poor prognosis. Data revealed that LINC01106 inhibition reduced LUAD cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and restrained LUAD cell tumorigenicity. In addition, LINC01106 silencing reduced phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 levels. KIAA1429-mediated LINC01106 enhances its m6A modification and expression in LUAD cells. Moreover, KIAA1429 promotion eliminated the malignant phenotypic suppression induced by low expression in LUAD cells. CONCLUSION: This study showed that KIAA1429 enhanced LINC01106 m6A modification to promote LUAD development. These results may lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of KIAA1429-m6A-LINC01106 in LUAD and offer a valuable therapeutic target for LUAD.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Cell Proliferation , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Lung Neoplasms , RNA, Long Noncoding , STAT3 Transcription Factor , Signal Transduction , Humans , RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics , RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism , STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism , STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology , Animals , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Mice , Cell Proliferation/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Adenosine/analogs & derivatives , Adenosine/metabolism , Methyltransferases/metabolism , Methyltransferases/genetics , Mice, Nude , Janus Kinase 2/metabolism , Janus Kinase 2/genetics , Cell Movement/genetics , Female , Janus Kinases/metabolism , Male , RNA-Binding Proteins
2.
Front Pharmacol ; 15: 1393333, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38828451

ABSTRACT

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant global health and economic challenge, with atherosclerosis being a primary cause. Over the past 40 years, substantial research has been conducted into the prevention and reversal of atherosclerosis, resulting in the development of lipid-lowering agents such as statins and fibrates. Despite the extensive literature and formulation of numerous therapeutic guidelines in this domain, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the current research landscape and trends has not been performed. This study aimed to elucidate the evolution and milestones of research into lipid-lowering treatments for coronary heart disease (CHD) in conjunction with hyperlipidemia through bibliometric analysis, offering insights into future directions for treatment strategies. Methods: This study examined publications from 1986 to 2023 retrieved from the Web of Science database (Core Collection). Utilizing tools such as VOSviewer, Pajek, and CiteSpace, we analyzed publication and citation numbers, H-indexes, contributions by countries and institutions, authorship, journal sources, and keyword usage to uncover research trajectories and areas of focus. Results: Our analysis of 587 publications revealed a recent surge in research output, particularly post-2003. The American Journal of Cardiology published the highest number of studies, with 40 articles, whereas Circulation received the highest number of citations (6,266). Key contributors included the United States, Japan, and China, with the United States leading in citation numbers and the H-index. Harvard University and Leiden University emerged as pivotal institutions, and Professors J. Wouter Jukema and Robert P. Giugliano were identified as leading experts. Keyword analysis disclosed five thematic clusters, indicating a shift in research towards new drug combinations and strategies, signaling future research directions. Conclusion: The last 4 decades have seen a notable rise in publications on lipid-lowering therapies for CHD and hyperlipidemia, with the United States retaining world-leading status. The increase in international collaboration aids the shift towards research into innovative lipid-lowering agents and therapeutic approaches. PCSK9 inhibitors and innovative combination therapies, including antisense oligonucleotides and angiopoietin-like protein 3 inhibitors, provide avenues for future research, intending to maximize the safety and efficacy of treatment approaches.

3.
Environ Sci Technol ; 2024 Jun 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38875312

ABSTRACT

Polyamide (PA)-based nanofiltration (NF) membranes have demonstrated extensive applications for a sustainable water-energy-environment nexus. A rational control of interfacial polymerization (IP) is highly efficacious to enhance NF separation performance yet remains a technical challenge. Herein, we proposed a regulation strategy of constructing amphiphilic molybdenum disulfide/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide interlayer atop the Kevlar hydrogel substrate. The amphiphilic nanosheet interlayered NF membrane exhibited a crumpled PA surface with an elevated cross-linking degree of 76.9%, leading to an excellent water permeance (16.8 L m-2 h-1 bar-1) and an impressive Na2SO4 rejection (99.1%). Meanwhile, the selectivity coefficient of Na2SO4/NaCl of the optimized TFC membrane reached 91, surpassing those of the recently reported NF membranes. Moreover, the optimized membrane exhibited a desirable rejection of over 90% against Mn2+ and Cu2+ in actual textile wastewater. Importantly, the underlying NF membrane formation mechanism was elucidated via both experiments and molecular simulations. The synchronous control of mass and heat transfer of IP process offers a new methodology for the state-of-the-art membrane fabrication, which opens more avenues in softening of brackish water and purification of industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions.

4.
Nanomaterials (Basel) ; 14(10)2024 May 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38786793

ABSTRACT

In order to prepare biomass-derived carbon materials with high specific capacitance at a low activation temperature (≤700 °C), nanoporous carbon materials were prepared from zanthoxylum bungeanum peels and seeds via the pyrolysis and KOH-activation processes. The results show that the optimal activation temperatures are 700 °C and 600 °C for peels and seeds. Benefiting from the hierarchical pore structure (micropores, mesopores, and macropores), the abundant heteroatoms (N, S, and O) containing functional groups, and plentiful electrochemical active sites, the PAC-700 and SAC-600 derive the large capacities of ~211.0 and ~219.7 F g-1 at 1.0 A g-1 in 6 M KOH within the three-electrode configuration. Furthermore, the symmetrical supercapacitors display a high energy density of 22.9 and 22.4 Wh kg-1 at 7500 W kg-1 assembled with PAC-700 and SAC-600, along with exceptional capacitance retention of 99.1% and 93.4% over 10,000 cycles at 1.0 A g-1. More significantly, the contribution here will stimulate the extensive development of low-temperature activation processes and nanoporous carbon materials for electrochemical energy storage and beyond.

5.
Food Chem ; 451: 139530, 2024 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38703723

ABSTRACT

With increasing consumer health awareness and demand from some vegans, plant proteins have received a lot of attention. Plant proteins have many advantages over animal proteins. However, the application of plant proteins is limited by a number of factors and there is a need to improve their functional properties to enable a wider range of applications. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of traditional methods of modifying plant proteins and the appropriate timing for their use, and collates and describes a method with fewer applications in the food industry: the Hofmeister effect. It is extremely simple but efficient in some respects compared to traditional methods. The paper provides theoretical guidance for the further development of plant protein-based food products and a reference value basis for improving the functional properties of proteins to enhance their applications in the food industry, pharmaceuticals and other fields.


Subject(s)
Plant Proteins , Plant Proteins/chemistry , Food Handling
7.
Nat Prod Res ; : 1-5, 2024 May 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38721687

ABSTRACT

A new triterpenoid compound 1* (scandine A1) was obtained from 95% ethanol extract of Uncaria laevigata. Meanwhile, eleven described compounds were also isolated for the first time from Uncaria laevigata. Herein, compound 2 exhibited strong diastolic cardio-cerebrovascular activity (EC50BA = 9.22 µM and EC50CA = 14.65 µM), which was not been previously described. Compound 1* also showed certain diastolic cardio-cerebrovasculary activity. Network pharmacology indicated that the diastolic cardio-cerebrovascular activity of compound 2 was most correlated with the Ras signalling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed that it exhibited strong binding activity with target protein (matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor-1). Moreover, compound 2 demonstrated significant potential on cardio-cerebrovascular activity in vitro. Overall, compounds 1* and 2 with good diastolic cardio-cerebrovascular activity were discovered in this work.

8.
Ann Biomed Eng ; 2024 May 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38705931

ABSTRACT

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have garnered significant attention due to their association with chronic diseases and the aging process. The prevalence of geriatric diseases among young individuals has witnessed a notable surge in recent years, potentially attributed to the accelerated pace of modern life. The accumulation of AGEs is primarily attributed to their inherent difficulty in metabolism, which makes them promising biomarkers for chronic disease detection. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements and findings in AGE research. The discussion is divided into two main sections: endogenous AGEs (formed within the body) and exogenous AGEs (derived from external sources). Various aspects of AGEs are subsequently summarized, including their production pathways, pathogenic mechanisms, and detection methods. Moreover, this review delves into the future research prospects concerning AGEs. Overall, this comprehensive review underscores the importance of AGEs in the detection of chronic diseases and provides a thorough understanding of their significance. It emphasizes the necessity for further research endeavors to deepen our comprehension of AGEs and their implications for human health.

9.
Chem Soc Rev ; 53(9): 4349-4373, 2024 May 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38619095

ABSTRACT

Contact-electro-catalysis (CEC) is an emerging field that utilizes electron transfer occurring at the liquid-solid and even liquid-liquid interfaces because of the contact-electrification effect to stimulate redox reactions. The energy source of CEC is external mechanical stimuli, and solids to be used are generally organic as well as in-organic materials even though they are chemically inert. CEC has rapidly garnered extensive attention and demonstrated its potential for both mechanistic research and practical applications of mechanocatalysis. This review aims to elucidate the fundamental principle, prominent features, and applications of CEC by compiling and analyzing the recent developments. In detail, the theoretical foundation for CEC, the methods for improving CEC, and the unique advantages of CEC have been discussed. Furthermore, we outline a roadmap for future research and development of CEC. We hope that this review will stimulate extensive studies in the chemistry community for investigating the CEC, a catalytic process in nature.

10.
PLoS Biol ; 22(4): e3002582, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38683874

ABSTRACT

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are prototypical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), members of a large family of 7 transmembrane receptors mediating a wide variety of extracellular signals. We show here, in cultured cells and in a murine model, that the carboxyl terminal fragment of the muscarinic M2 receptor, comprising the transmembrane regions 6 and 7 (M2tail), is expressed by virtue of an internal ribosome entry site localized in the third intracellular loop. Single-cell imaging and import in isolated yeast mitochondria reveals that M2tail, whose expression is up-regulated in cells undergoing integrated stress response, does not follow the normal route to the plasma membrane, but is almost exclusively sorted to the mitochondria inner membrane: here, it controls oxygen consumption, cell proliferation, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing oxidative phosphorylation. Crispr/Cas9 editing of the key methionine where cap-independent translation begins in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), reveals the physiological role of this process in influencing cell proliferation and oxygen consumption at the endogenous level. The expression of the C-terminal domain of a GPCR, capable of regulating mitochondrial function, constitutes a hitherto unknown mechanism notably unrelated to its canonical signaling function as a GPCR at the plasma membrane. This work thus highlights a potential novel mechanism that cells may use for controlling their metabolism under variable environmental conditions, notably as a negative regulator of cell respiration.


Subject(s)
Cell Respiration , Mitochondria , Receptor, Muscarinic M2 , Animals , Humans , Mice , Cell Proliferation , HEK293 Cells , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism , Mitochondria/metabolism , Oxidative Phosphorylation , Oxygen Consumption , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Receptor, Muscarinic M2/metabolism , Receptor, Muscarinic M2/genetics , Stress, Physiological
11.
Adv Mater ; : e2402245, 2024 Apr 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38615264

ABSTRACT

Zinc metal is an attractive anode material for rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, the dendrite growth, water-induced parasitic reactions, and freezing problem of aqueous electrolyte at low temperatures are the major roadblocks that hinder the widely commercialization of ZIBs. Herein, tetrahydrofuran (THF) is proposed as the electrolyte additive to improve the reversibility and stability of Zn anode. Theoretical calculation and experimental results reveal that the introduction of THF into the aqueous electrolyte can optimize the solvation structure which can effectively alleviate the H2O-induced side reactions and protect the Zn anode from corrosion. Moreover, THF can act as a hydrogen bond acceptor to interact with H2O, which can greatly reduce the activity of free H2O in electrolytes and improve the low-temperature electrochemical performance of Zn anode. As a result, the Zn anodes demonstrate high cyclic stability for 2800 h at 27 °C and over 4000 h at -10 °C at 1.0 mA cm-2 /1.0 mAh cm-2. The full cell exhibits excellent cyclic stability and rate capability at 27 and -10 °C. This work is expected to provide a new approach to regulate the aqueous electrolyte and Zn anode interface chemistry for highly stable and reversible Zn anodes.

12.
J Fluoresc ; 2024 Apr 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38676771

ABSTRACT

As one of the most significant parameters in cellular microenvironment, viscosity levels could be used to determine the metabolic process of bioactive substances within cells. Abnormal viscosity levels are closely associated with a series of diseases. Therefore, the design and synthesis of fluorescent probes that can monitor changes of intracellular viscosity in real-time is of great significance for the study of disease development process. Here, a new viscosity-recognized NIR fluorescence probe W1 based on quinoline-malonitrile is synthesized, and it is not susceptible to interference substances. Besides, AIE probe W1 shows fast response, excellent photostability, low cytotoxicity, good linear relationship between fluorescence intensity value and viscosity. Based on the above advantages, probe W1 is used to image the change of viscosity level in the cell model induced by nystatin.

13.
BMC Med Genomics ; 17(1): 105, 2024 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38664735

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Research on the fatty acid metabolism related gene SLC27A2 is currently mainly focused on solid tumors, and its mechanism of action in hematological tumors has not been reported. METHOD: This study aims to explore the pathological and immune mechanisms of the fatty acid metabolism related gene SLC27A2 in hematological tumors and verify its functional role in hematological tumors through cell experiments to improve treatment decisions and clinical outcomes of hematological tumors. RESULT: This study identified the fatty acid metabolism related gene SLC27A2 as a common differentially expressed gene between DLBCL and AML. Immune microenvironment analysis showed that SLC27A2 was significantly positively correlated with T cell CD4 + , T cell CD8 + , endothelial cells, macrophages, and NK cells in DLBCL. In AML, there is a significant negative correlation between SLC27A2 and B cells, T cell CD8 + , and macrophages. SLC27A2 participates in the immune process of hematological tumors through T cell CD8 + and macrophages. The GESA results indicate that high expression of SLC27A2 is mainly involved in the fatty acid pathway, immune pathway, and cell cycle pathway of DLBCL. The low expression of SLC27A2 is mainly involved in the immune pathway of AML. Therefore, SLC27A2 is mainly involved in the pathological mechanisms of hematological tumors through immune pathways, and cell experiments have also confirmed that SLC27A2 is involved in the regulation of DLBCL cells. CONCLUSION: In summary, our research results comprehensively report for the first time the mechanism of action of SLC27A2 in the immune microenvironment of DLBCL and AML, and for the first time verify the cycle and apoptotic effects of the fatty acid related gene SLC27A2 in DLBCL cells through cell experiments. Research can help improve the treatment of AML and DLBCL patients.


Subject(s)
Cell Cycle , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Tumor Microenvironment , Humans , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology , Tumor Microenvironment/immunology , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics , Hematologic Neoplasms/immunology , Hematologic Neoplasms/pathology , Cell Line, Tumor , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism , Fatty Acids/metabolism
14.
Eur J Med Chem ; 271: 116386, 2024 May 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38614063

ABSTRACT

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) is a superfamily of enzymes that are responsible for the hydrolysis of two second messengers: cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). PDE inhibition promotes the gene transcription by activating cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), initiating gene transcription of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The procedure exerts neuroprotective profile, and motor and cognitive improving efficacy. From this point of view, PDE inhibition will provide a promising therapeutic strategy for treating neurodegenerative disorders. Herein, we summarized the PDE inhibitors that have entered the clinical trials or been discovered in recent five years. Well-designed clinical or preclinical investigations have confirmed the effectiveness of PDE inhibitors, such as decreasing Aß oligomerization and tau phosphorylation, alleviating neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress, modulating neuronal plasticity and improving long-term cognitive impairment.


Subject(s)
Neurodegenerative Diseases , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors , Humans , Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy , Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/chemistry , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Animals , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Neuroprotective Agents/chemistry , Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry , Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology , Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases/metabolism , Molecular Structure
15.
Sci Total Environ ; 931: 172833, 2024 Jun 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38688369

ABSTRACT

Phthalates acid esters (PAEs) have accumulated in soil and crops like wheat as a result of the widespread usage of plastic films. It is yet unclear, nevertheless, how these dynamic variations in PAE accumulation in wheat tissues relate to rhizosphere bacteria in the field. In this work, a field root-bag experiment was conducted to examine the changes of PAEs accumulation in the rhizosphere soil and wheat tissues under film residue conditions at four different growth stages of wheat, and to clarify the roles played by the microbial community in the alterations. Results showed that the plastic film residues significantly increased the concentrations of PAEs in soils, wheat roots, straw and grains. The maximum ΣPAEs concentration in soils and different wheat tissues appeared at the maturity, with the ΣPAEs concentration of 1.57 mg kg-1, 4.77 mg kg-1, 5.21 mg kg-1, 1.81 mg kg-1 for rhizosphere soils, wheat roots, straw and grains, respectively. The plastic film residues significantly changed the functions and components of the bacterial community, increased the stochastic processes of the bacterial community assembly, and reduced the complexity and stability of the bacterial network. In addition, the present study identified some bacteria associated with plastic film residues and PAEs degradation in key-stone taxa, and their relative abundances were positive related to the ΣPAEs concentration in soils. The PAEs content and key-stone taxa in rhizosphere soil play a crucial role in the formation of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. This field study provides valuable information for better understanding the role of microorganisms in the complex system consisting of film residue, soil and crops.


Subject(s)
Phthalic Acids , Rhizosphere , Soil Microbiology , Soil Pollutants , Triticum , Triticum/microbiology , Soil Pollutants/analysis , Soil Pollutants/metabolism , Phthalic Acids/metabolism , Plastics/metabolism , Esters/analysis , Esters/metabolism , Bacteria/metabolism , Soil/chemistry , Microbiota , Plant Roots/microbiology , Plant Roots/metabolism
16.
Behav Sci (Basel) ; 14(3)2024 Mar 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38540526

ABSTRACT

(1) Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies and to investigate the mediating role of parent-child intimacy and connectedness to nature in the relationship between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study, nearly 800 mothers of children aged 3-6 were enrolled. General sociodemographic data, the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ), the Creativity Assessment Packet (CAP), the Child-Parent Relationship Scale-Short Form (CPRS-SF), and the Connectedness to Nature Index-Parents of Preschool Children (CNI-PPC) were all included in the questionnaire survey. (3) Results: There were significant positive correlations among mindful parenting, parent-child intimacy, connectedness to nature, and children's creative tendencies. Mindful parenting had a positive predictive effect on children's creative tendencies. Parent-child intimacy played a mediating role between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies. Connectedness to nature played a mediating role between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies. The correlation between mindful parenting and children's creative tendencies may be impacted by the chain mediation effects of parent-child intimacy and connectedness to nature. (4) Conclusions: By promoting parent-child intimacy and connectedness to nature, and by utilizing the chain mediating effects of both, mindful parenting positively impacted children's creative tendencies.

17.
Materials (Basel) ; 17(6)2024 Mar 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38541533

ABSTRACT

The thermal storage performance, cost, and stability of phase-change materials (PCMs) are critical factors influencing their application in the field of thermal energy storage. Porous carbon, with its excellent support, thermal conductivity, and energy storage properties, is considered one of the most promising support matrix materials. However, the simple and efficient synthesis of high-performance and highly active bio-based materials under mild conditions still faces challenges. In our work, a novel method for preparing new functional composite phase-change materials based on enzyme treatment technology and using waste walnut green husk biomass and polyethylene glycol as raw materials was developed. The enzymatic treatment method exposes the internal structure of the walnut green husk, followed by the adjustment of the calcination temperature to increase the adsorption sites of the biochar, thereby stabilizing polyethylene glycol (PEG). The porous properties of walnut green husk biochar effectively regulate the phase-change behavior of polyethylene glycol. In the biochar carbonized at 600 °C, the PEG loading reached 72.09%, and the absorption heat of the solid-solid phase-change material (SSPCM) reached 194.76 J g-1. This work not only enriches the application of biomass in heat storage but also demonstrates the broad prospects of SSPCMs in solar thermal utilization.

18.
Molecules ; 29(6)2024 Mar 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38542947

ABSTRACT

According to ancient Chinese books, bear grease has the effects of strengthening muscles and bones, which is beneficial for weakness, but there is relatively little research on it. Thus, the extraction of it is beneficial for compensating for research in this area. In this study, a uniform experimental design method was used to optimize the extraction process of bear grease by enzymatic hydrolysis extraction, and the extraction rate can reach 81.89% under optimized extraction conditions. Furthermore, the components of bear grease obtained by this study were analyzed by GC-MS, and the results showed that ursolic oil was rich in unsaturated fatty acids (67.51%), which was higher than that of the traditional method (66.92%). The composition of bear grease extracted by the enzymatic method was also better than that extracted by the traditional method. In addition, bear grease obtained in this study had the obvious activity of promoting hair growth. The length, weight, and number of hair follicles in the depilation area of mice in the high-dose group were significantly different from those in the blank group (p < 0.01). This study optimized the extraction process of bear grease and conducted a preliminary analysis of its fatty acid composition, which is expected to provide some reference for the development of the medicinal value of bear grease.


Subject(s)
Ursidae , Animals , Mice , Fatty Acids/analysis , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/analysis , Hydrolysis , Hair/chemistry
19.
Front Pharmacol ; 15: 1373663, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38545549

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the effect of ligustrazine on animal models of ischemic stroke and investigate its mechanism of action. Materials and Methods: The intervention of ligustrazine in ischemic diseases research on stroke model animals was searched in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database (Wanfang), VIP Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The evaluation included measures such as neurological deficit score (NDS), percentage of cerebral infarction volume, brain water content, inflammation-related factors, oxidative stress-related indicators, apoptosis indicators (caspase-3), and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (Claudin-5). Results: A total of 32 studies were included in the analysis. The results indicated that ligustrazine significantly improved the neurological function scores of ischemic stroke animals compared to the control group (SMD = -1.84, 95% CI -2.14 to -1.55, P < 0.00001). It also reduced the percentage of cerebral infarction (SMD = -2.97, 95% CI -3.58 to -2.36, P < 0.00001) and brain water content (SMD = -2.37, 95% CI -3.63 to -1.12, P = 0.0002). In addition, ligustrazine can significantly improve various inflammatory factors such as TNF-α (SMD = -7.53, 95% CI -11.34 to -3.72, P = 0.0001), IL-1ß (SMD = -2.65, 95% CI -3.87 to -1.44, P < 0.0001), and IL-6 (SMD = -5.55, 95% CI -9.32 to -1.78, P = 0.004). It also positively affects oxidative stress-related indicators including SOD (SMD = 4.60, 95% CI 2.10 to 7.10, P = 0.0003), NOS (SMD = -1.52, 95% CI -2.98 to -0.06, P = 0.04), MDA (SMD = -5.31, 95% CI -8.48 to -2.14, P = 0.001), and NO (SMD = -5.33, 95% CI -8.82 to -1.84, P = 0.003). Furthermore, it shows positive effects on the apoptosis indicator caspase-3 (SMD = -5.21, 95% CI -7.47 to -2.94, P < 0.00001) and the expression level of the sex-related protein Claudin-5, which influences BBB permeability (SMD = 7.38, 95% CI 3.95 to 10.82, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Ligustrazine has been shown to have a protective effect in animal models of cerebral ischemic injury. Its mechanism of action is believed to be associated with the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress, the inhibition of apoptosis, and the repair of BBB permeability. However, further high-quality animal experiments are required to validate these findings.

20.
Cancer Lett ; 589: 216811, 2024 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38490328

ABSTRACT

Super-enhancers (SEs) exerted a crucial role in regulating the transcription of oncogenes across various malignancies while the roles of SEs driven genes and the core regulatory elements remain elusive in LUAD. In this study, cancer-specific-SE-genes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were profiled through H3K27ac ChIP-seq data of cancer cell lines and normal lung tissues, which enriched in in biological processes and pathways integral to the pathophysiology of LUAD. Based on this study, LUAD cells were susceptible to SEs inhibitors, with a reduction of cell proliferation as well as an elevation of apoptosis upon JQ1 or THZ1 intervention. Moreover, the integration of SEs landscapes, CRISPRi, ChIP-PCR, Hi-C data analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that myeloma overexpressed gene (MYEOV) was aberrantly overexpressed in LUAD via transcriptional activation by the core SE elements. Functionally, the knockdown of MYEOV undermined cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. In addition, the knockdown of MYEOV generated a prominent ferroptotic phenotype, characterized by elevation of intracellular ferrous iron, reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, together with alteration in marker proteins (SLC7A11, GPX4, FTH1, and ACSL4). Instead, the overexpression of MYEOV accelerated cell proliferation and abrogated ferroptosis. Clinically, the overexpression of MYEOV was observed in LUAD tissues indicating a poor prognosis in patients with LUAD. Mechanistically, SMPD1-induced autophagic degradation of GPX4 assumed a crucial role in the process of ferroptosis triggered by MYEOV knockdown. Serving as an oncogene repressing ferroptosis, promoting proliferation as well as shortening survival in LUAD, SEs-mediated activation of MYEOV might distinguish as a promising therapeutic target.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Ferroptosis , Lung Neoplasms , Multiple Myeloma , Humans , Up-Regulation , Ferroptosis/genetics , Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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