[Genotype and epidemiological characteristics of human metapneumovirus among hospitalized cases of acute respiratory infection in children in Changchun City, Jilin Province from 2019 to 2023].

Objective: To investigate the genotype and epidemiological characteristics of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) among hospitalized cases with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children in Changchun City, Jilin Province, China. Methods: From June 2019 to June 2023, throat swabs of ARI inpatients in Changchun Children's Hospital were collected, and their epidemiological and clinical information were also collected. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was used to identify HMPV-positive cases, followed by the amplification of the G gene and genetic analysis in the HMPV-positive cases. Results: A total of 3 311 children hospitalized with ARI were included in this study. Their age ranged from 0 to 17 years old, and the M (Q1, Q3) of age was 2 (1, 3) years. About 1 811 (54.70%) cases were males. A total of 167 HMPV-positive cases were detected with a positive rate of 5.04%, of which 92.81% (155/167) were children under 5 years old. The positive rate of HMPV in 2019 was 6.37% (30/471), which dropped to the lowest in 2020 (2.31%, 10/432). The HMPV-positive rate was then rebounded in 2021 (4.70%, 60/1 277) and 2022 (4.56%, 21/461), which increased to 6.87% (46/670) in 2023. The difference in HMPV-positive rate among each year was statistically significant (P<0.05). The prevalence peak of HMPV varied in different years, showing either a unimodal or bimodal distribution in one year. A total of 79 HMPV G gene sequences were obtained, of which subtype A and subtype B accounted for 48.10% and 51.90%, respectively. All of the subtype A sequences were clarified as A2c duplicated variants, and subtype B was mainly B2 genotype. Besides, subtypes A and B were prevalent alone or co-circulated in different years, and there was a subtype replacement pattern in HMPV. Conclusion: The positive rate of HMPV in hospitalized ARI cases in children is significantly different from 2019 to 2023 in Changchun City. Notably, there are certain switch patterns of HMPV subtypes A and B in different years.

[Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival analysis of primary large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system].

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical and pathologic characteristics, response to treatment, survival, and prognosis of patients with primary large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (PCNSLBCL) . Methods: Clinical and pathologic data of 70 patients with PCNSLBCL admitted to Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from December 2010 to November 2022 were collected for retrospective analysis. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test, and prognosis analysis was conducted using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Among 70 patients with PCNSLBCL, complete remission (CRs) were achieved in 49 (70.0% ) and partial remission in 4 (5.7% ) after the first-line induction therapy; the overall remission rate was 75.7%. The 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 55.8% and the median progression-free survival (mPFS) time was 35.9 months, whereas the 2-year overall survival (OS) rate was 79.1% with a median OS time not reached. After CR induced by first-line therapy, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was lower in patients who had received auto-HSCT than in those who had not received consolidation therapy (P=0.032), whose 2-year PFS rate was 54.4% and mPFS time was 35.9 months; comparatively, the 2-year PFS rate in patients having received oral maintenance of small molecule drugs reached 84.4% with a mPFS time of 79.5 months (P=0.038). Multivariant analysis demonstrated that Class 3 in the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) prognostic model is an independent adverse prognostic factor of OS in patients with PCNSLBCL (HR=3.127, 95% CI 1.057-9.253, P=0.039) . Conclusions: In patients with PCNSLBCL achieving CR after the first-line induction therapy, auto-HSCT as consolidation therapy would lead to a decreased CIR, and PFS time could be prolonged by oral maintenance of small molecule drugs. Class 3 MSKCC prognostic model is independently associated with poorer OS.

[Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of 34 patients with primary thyroid lymphoma].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) . Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and pathological data of 34 newly diagnosed PTL patients admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital from September 2010 to February 2023. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis, and the Cox regression model was applied for univariate analysis of prognostic factors. Results: All 34 PTL patients presented with cervical mass as the initial clinical manifestation. There were 9 males and 25 females. The pathological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in 29 patients and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in 5 patients. Among the DLBCL patients, 6 had B symptoms, 17 had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of ≥2, the Ann Arbor staging was stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 21 cases and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ in 8 cases, the tumor diameter was ≥10 cm in 4 cases, and 14 had concurrent Hashimoto thyroiditis; 27 cases received chemotherapy, with 21 cases achieving complete remission (CR), 2 cases partial remission (PR), and 6 cases of disease progression; the 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 78.9% and 77.4%, respectively; univariate survival analysis showed that B symptoms, tumor diameter ≥10 cm, and Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were significant factors affecting patient prognosis (P<0.05). MALT lymphoma patients were all in stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ, had an ECOG score of 0-1, and were without B symptoms. All patients underwent surgical resection, with 4 cases achieving CR and 1 case PR. Conclusion: PTL is more common in females with concurrent Hashimoto thyroiditis, with the majority of pathological types being B-cell lymphoma. The main treatment is chemotherapy, supplemented by radiotherapy and surgery, and the prognosis is relatively favorable.

[Characterizing immune microenvironment cell composition of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps based on mass cytometry technology].

Objective: To analyze the cellular composition characteristics of the nasal tissue immune microenvironment in patients with control, chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (neCRSwNP), and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP) using mass cytometry flow technology. Methods: Thirteen CRS patients who underwent endoscopic nasal surgery at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March to December 2022 were recruited, including 8 males and 5 females, aged 22.3 to 58.3 years. Three control mucosae were obtained from normal ethmoid or sphenoid sinuses of patients with benign tumors of the temporal fossa or non-functional pituitary adenomas who underwent endoscopic surgery, excluding allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. Sixteen clinical tissue samples (3 of control, 3 of CRSsNP, 4 of neCRSwNP, and 6 of eCRSwNP) were prepared into single-cell suspensions. Mass cytometry flow detection was performed using a combination of 42 molecular markers to analyze the differences in cell subpopulations among the groups. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9. Results: Based on the mass cytometry flow results, cells from control, CRSsNP, neCRSwNP, and eCRSwNP were divided into seven main cell subgroups, with detailed subgrouping of T/NK cells and myeloid cells. In T/NK cells, compared with the control group, the number of NK CD56bright cells increased in the CRSsNP group, while NK CD56dim cells decreased; compared with the CRSsNP group, the eCRSwNP group showed a decrease in NKT cells and CD4+Tem cells; compared with the CRSsNP group, the eCRSwNP group showed a significant increase in CD25 expression within Treg cells; compared with the CRSsNP group, the eCRSwNP group showed a significant decrease in Tbet expression in CD8+Teff cells and CD8+TRM cells; in eCRSwNP, the expression of CD103 in CD8+TRM cells was significantly lower than in CRSsNP. In myeloid cells, compared with the other three groups, the eCRSwNP group showed a significant increase in macrophages and a significant decrease in cDC1 and monocytes; compared with the control group and CRSsNP, the eCRSwNP group also showed a significant decrease in resting state macrophages; compared with the CRSsNP group, the eCRSwNP group showed a significant decrease in the level of CX3CR1 within cDC2 and monocytes; the expression levels of NLRP3 in cDC2 and macrophages in the eCRSwNP group were significantly higher than in the other three groups; compared with the control group, the expression levels of Gata3 in cDC2 and macrophages in the eCRSwNP group were also significantly increased; additionally, the expression of CCR2 within monocytes in the eCRSwNP group was lower than in the CRSsNP group. In ILC, compared with the control group, the expression of CCR6 decreased in the eCRSwNP group. Conclusions: Compared with the control group, CRSsNP, and neCRSwNP, eCRSwNP shows an increase in macrophage number, a decrease in cDC1 and resting state macrophages, and depletion of protective cells CD103+CD8+TRM. Additionally, the expression levels of CCR2 and CX3CR1 in monocytes of eCRSwNP are decreased.

[The application value of whole exome sequencing technology in diagnosis of hereditary renal cysts].

The data of 57 renal cyst patients who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2023 to March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The age of patients ranged from three months to 60 years old, with 31 males and 26 females. The whole exome sequencing (WES) detected pathogenic or suspected pathogenic (P/LP) variants in 48 renal cystic probands, with a detection rate of 84.2% (48/57), including PKD1, PKD2, PKHD1, LRP5, COL4A4 and ALG8 gene variants as well as copy number variations (CNV). In addition, four PKD1 gene variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were detected. In five WES negative families, one PKD1 nonsense variation was detected through long-range PCR (LR-PCR)+Oxford nanopore technologies, and one heterozygous deletion in exon 22 of PKD1 gene was detected through multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). In summary, WES can detect multiple types of variations, which is helpful for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of renal cyst patients. However, there is still a risk of failing to detect PKD1 gene by WES, therefore, healthcare practitioners should beware of the negative results of WES.

Age-related T1 mapping, fat fraction, diffusion and perfusion parameters of the lumbar vertebrae in healthy children under 3.0 T MRI.

AIM: Compare the T1 mapping, fat fraction, diffusion and perfusion parameters of the lumbar vertebrae of different age groups to establish normal values for healthy children and observe the trends in these parameters with age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 146 healthy children (0-14 years) were included in this prospective study and underwent 3.0 T lumbar MRI examination. The study cohort was divided into five age groups (Group A âˆ¼ E) according to development milestones in children. T1 mapping, Dixon and IVIM (intravoxel incoherent motion)sequence images were used to measure the parameters of lumbar vertebrae 2-4. RESULTS: The normal values of each parameter were measured and compared across different age groups. The T1 value was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.619, p<0.001). The fat fraction (FF%) was positively correlated with age (r=0.635, p<0.001). There was a negative correlation between the D value and age (r=-0.406, p<0.001). The D∗ value was positively correlated with age (r=0.54, p<0.001). The f value was positively correlated with age (r=0.775, p<0.001). The inflexion points of the T1 value and FF% curves were at approximately 3 years old (36 months).The inflexion points of the IVIM-related parameter curves were approximately 5 years old (60 months). CONCLUSION: The age-dependent differences in the vertebral body parameters of this pediatric cohort suggest changes in the bone marrow composition and cellular structure of the vertebral body during physiological growth in children. The establishment of normal values of children's lumbar spine can facilitate the clinical study of diseases.

Comparison of survival between palliative surgery and no surgery for advanced tongue squamous cell carcinoma: an analysis of SEER data.

The aim of this study was to investigate the survival effect of palliative surgery in advanced tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). A retrospective analysis of data in the SEER database for 6151 patients with stage III/IV TSCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging), diagnosed between 2004 and 2015, was performed. The patients were divided into two groups: palliative surgery and no surgery. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were applied to determine risk factors for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). A further analysis was performed using 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) to balance 13 patient variables (sex, age at diagnosis, race, marital status, primary tumour site, SEER stage, AJCC stage, pathological differentiation grade, tumour size, lymph node metastasis, previous lymph node removal, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy). Among the 6151 patients, 706 underwent palliative surgery; the other 5445 did not undergo any kind of surgery. Those who underwent palliative surgery had a higher 5-year survival rate. After PSM, 1274 patients were included in the matched cohort. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients who underwent palliative surgery had a lower risk of death than those who did not (OS: hazard ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.49-0.69, P < 0.001; CSS: hazard ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.49-0.74, P < 0.001). In this comparative study it was found that compared with no surgery, palliative surgery has a positive impact on the survival rate of patients with advanced TSCC.

[Efficacy of venetoclax-based induction regimen in newly diagnosed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia].

Objective: To explore the efficacy of venetoclax-based induction regimen for children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: Children with newly diagnosed AML in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and Baoding Hospital Affliliated to Capital Medical University from November 2019 and December 2023 were prospectively included. The patients were divided into DAH group (daunorubicin, cytarabine and homoharringtonine) and VAH group (venetoclax, cytarabine and homoharringtonine) according to induction regimen. The clinical data of the children were collected, the clinical characteristics and induced remission rate between the two groups were compared, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting the induced remission rate. Results: A total of 135 patients were enrolled, including 96 cases in the DAH group (54 males and 42 females), aged [M (Q1, Q3)] 6.4 (3.9, 11.6) years and 39 cases in the VAH group (26 males and 13 females), aged 8.0 (6.2, 13.2) years. Among patients initially diagnosed with low-medium risk AML, the morphologic complete remission rates were 94.7% (18/19) in the VAH group and 84.4% (38/45) in the DAH group, respectively, and the negativity conversion rates of minirnal residual disease (MRD) were 57.9% (11/19) and 46.7% (21/45), respectively, with no statistically difference (all P>0.05). Among patients initially diagnoised with high-risk AML, the morphologic complete remission rates in the VAH group was higher than that in the DAH group [95.0% (19/20) vs 70.6% (36/51), P=0.027], and negativity conversion rates of MRD were 45.0% (9/20) and 33.3% (17/51), respectively, with no statistically difference (P=0.359). The induction regimen (venetoclax, cytarabine and homoharringtonin) was beneficial to morphological remission (OR=0.126, 95%CI: 0.025-0.629). FLT3 mutation was not conducive to morphological remission (OR=5.832, 95%CI: 1.778-19.124) and negative MRD (OR=4.166, 95%CI: 1.396-12.433). Conclusion: Venetoclax-based induction regimen is more effective than traditional chemotherapy regimen for newly diagnosed pediatric AML.

[Effects of polyphyllin â ¦ on proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells].

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of polyphyllin Ⅶ (PP Ⅶ) on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PLBCL) cell lines U2932 and SUDHL-4. The DLBCL cell lines were divided into a control group and a PPⅦ group, and experiments were conducted using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and Western blotting.Results showed that compared with the control group, PPⅦ significantly inhibited the proliferation of U2932 and SUDHL-4 cells (P<0.05). Apoptosis assays demonstrated that treatment with 0.50 and 1.00 µmol/L PP Ⅶ significantly increased the apoptosis rates of both cell lines (P<0.05), upregulated apoptosis-related proteins, and downregulated Bcl-2 protein level (P<0.05). Cell cycle analysis revealed that PPⅦ treatment led to an increase in G0/G1-phase cells (P<0.05) and a decrease in G2/M-phase cells (P<0.05), significantly downregulated cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6, and survivin protein expression (P<0.05). In conclusion, PPⅦ exerted anti-lymphoma effects by inhibiting proliferation, promoting apoptosis, and inducing G0/G1 phase arrest in DLBCL cells.

Author Correction: Phase I study of the pharmacokinetics and safety of single and multiple doses of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in healthy Chinese subjects.

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27 (24): 12103-12111-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34808-PMID: 38164872, published online on December 22, 2023. After publication, the authors found that Table III's legend was the same as that of Table II. Therefore, Table III's legend has been corrected as follows: Table III. Plasma PK parameters following repeat doses of IV NAC 600 mg (n = 24). There are amendments to this paper. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/34808.

[Predictive value of neck circumference for cardiometabolic risk in children].

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of neck circumference on cardiometabolic risk in children. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of natural sources. As the prediction cohort, clinical data were collected from 3 443 children aged 5-14 years who underwent physical examination in the Department of Child Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2021 to September 2022. As the validation cohort for external validation, clinical data were collected from 604 children aged 5-14 years who underwent physical examination in the Department of Child Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from October 2022 to March 2023. Height, weight, neck circumference, waist circumference and body composition were measured in both groups, and body mass index, neck circumference to height ratio (NHtR), waist circumference to height ratio, body fat percentage and skeletal muscle percentage were calculated. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid and uric acid and other cardiovascular and metabolic risk indicators were collected in both groups. The prediction cohort was further stratified into clustered and non-clustered groups based on the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors (CCRF). Various variables between these 2 groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Pearson correlation and binary Logistic regression were conducted to investigate the correlations between neck circumference and cardiovascular metabolic risk factors. The accuracy of NHtR in predicting the CCRF was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The cutoff value was determined using the Youden index. The validation cohort was then divided into groups above and below the cutoff value, and the detection rate of CCRF between the 2 groups was compared using the χ2 test for validation. Results: In the prediction cohort of 3 443 children (2 316 boys and 1 127 girls), 1 395 (40.5%) children were overweight or obese, and 1 157 (33.6%) children had CCRF. Pearson correlation analysis revealed all significant positive correlations (all P<0.01) between neck circumference and systolic blood pressure (r=0.47, 0.39), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.27, 0.21), uric acid (r=0.36, 0.30), and triglycerides (r=0.20, 0.20) after adjusting for age in both males and females. Among both males and females, neck circumference both showed significant negative correlation (both P<0.01) with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=-0.27, -0.28), and no correlation with fasting glucose levels (r=0.03, -0.03, both P>0.05). After adjusting for gender, age, and body fat percentage, increased body mass index, neck circumference, or waist circumference increased the risks of hypertension (OR=1.23, 1.39, 1.07, all P<0.001), hyperuricemia (OR=1.16, 1.23, 1.05, all P<0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (OR=1.08, 1.16, 1.02, all P<0.01), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR=1.10, 1.27, 1.03, all P<0.01), and the CCRF (OR=1.51, 1.73, 1.15, all P<0.01). The areas under the ROC curves of NHtR in predicting CCRF was 0.73, with sensitivity and specificity at 0.66 and 0.71, respectively. The corresponding optimal cut-off value was 0.21. Validation with 604 children confirmed that the detection of CCRF in the NHtR≥0.21 group was 3.29 times (60.5% (112/185) vs. 18.7% (79/422),χ2=107.82, P<0.01) higher compared to the NHtR <0.21 group. Conclusions: Neck circumference is associated with cardiovascular metabolic risks such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia in children. When the NHtR is ≥0.21, there is an increased likelihood of CCRF.

[Pedigree Analysis and Molecular Mechanism Study of Hereditary Glanzmann Thrombasthenia Caused by Compound Heterozygous Mutation of the ITGA2B Gene].

Objective: The phenotype and genotype of a pedigree with Glanzmann thrombasthenia caused by compound heterozygous mutation in the ITGA2B gene and its molecular pathogenesis were explored. Methods: The platelet aggregation rate of the proband and his family was detected by using a platelet aggregation test with adenosine diphosphate, collagen, epinephrine, arachidonic acid, and ristocetin. The expression levels of CD41 (αⅡb), CD61 (ß3), and CD42b (GPⅠb) on the platelet surface was detected by flow cytometry. Gene sequencing technology was used for the genetic identification of the family. RT-PCR was used in the detection of mRNA splicing, and qRT-PCR was used in detecting the relative mRNA level of the ITGA2B gene. Bioinformatics analysis was used to evaluate the pathogenicity of mutation sites and their effects on protein structure and function. The expressions of total αⅡb and ß3 in platelets were analyzed by Western blot. Results: Except ristocetin, the other four inducers could not induce platelet aggregation in the proband. Flow cytometry showed that the expression levels of αⅡb and ß3 were only 0.25% and 9.76%, respectively, on the platelet surface of the proband, whereas GPⅠb expression was relatively normal. The expression levels of glycoproteins in the other family members were almost normal. c.480C>G and c.2929C>T mutations were detected in the proband through gene sequencing. The c.480C>G mutation was inherited from his mother, and the c.2929C>T mutation was inherited from his father. The RT-PCR and sequencing results showed that the c.480C>G mutation caused mRNA splicing in the proband and his mother, resulting in the deletion of 99 bases in c.476G-574A (p.S160-S192). qRT-PCR showed that the c.2929C>T variant reduced the mRNA level of the ITGA2B gene in the proband and his father. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the c.480C>G mutation might form a binding sequence with hnRNP A1 protein and generate the 5'SS splice site. The three-dimensional structural model of the αⅡb subunit showed that the ß-propeller domain of the p.S160-S192 deletion lost two ß-strands and one α-helix in blade 2. The c.2929C>T nonsense mutation caused premature translation termination and produced a truncated protein with the deletion of p.R977-E1039, including the cytoplasmic domain, transmembrane domain, and a ß chain of the extracellular Calf-2 domain. The total αⅡb expression of the proband was absent, and the relative expression of ß3 was 11.36% of the normal level. Conclusion: The compound heterozygous mutation c.480C>G in exon 4 and c.2929C>T in exon 28 of the ITGA2B gene probably underlies Glanzmann thrombasthenia in this pedigree.

[Tongyangxiao Lotion promotes postoperative wound healing in a rat model of anal fistula by downregulating inflammatory factors and suppressing inflammation].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of Tongyangxiao Lotion (TYX) for promoting wound healing following surgery for anal fistula. METHODS: The active ingredients and drug targets of TYX were explored using TCMSP and BATMAN databases, and the targets associated with wound healing were screened using GeneCards and OMIM databases; the intersecting drug and wound-related targets were analyzed with protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. In 25 SD rat models with simulated anal fistula surgery, the effect of wound dressing with TYX at low, medium and high doses (once daily for 14 days) on wound healing were assessed in comparison with potassium permanganate (PP) solution. The granulation tissues collected from the wounds were examined for pathological changes with HE staining and for TNF-α expression using immunohistochemistry. The expressions of 1ß, TNF-α, IL-6 mRNA and proteins in the granulation tissue were detected using RT-qPCR, Western blotting or ELISA. RESULTS: Network pharmacology analysis yielded 156 common targets between TYX and wound healing, and among them IL-1ß, TNF- α, and IL-6 were identified as potential targets of TYX for promoting wound healing. Six core components of TYX were capable of binding to IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6 with binding energies all below -6.0 Kcal/mol. In the rat models, the wounds with TYX and PP solution dressing showed significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and increased fibroblasts and collagen deposition. TYX at the 3 doses and PP solution all significantly reduced the expressions of IL-6, IL-1ß, TNF-α mRNA and IL-6 protein in the granulation tissues, but TYX at the medium and high doses produced significantly stronger effects than PP solution for lowering TNF-α protein expression and mRNA expressions of TNF- α and IL-6. CONCLUSION: TYX accelerates wound healing by down-regulating the inflammatory factors and reducing inflammation in the wounds.

Label-free-based proteomics analysis reveals differential proteins of sheep, goat and cow milk.

Regarding the limited information on species protein differences between sheep, goat, and cow milk, the differentially expressed proteins in sheep, goat, and cow milk and their functional differences are analyzed using label-free proteomics technology to identify potential biomarkers. 770 proteins and 2914 peptide segments were identified. The statistical analysis showed significant differences in the relative abundances of the 74 proteins among the sheep, goat, and cow milk. CSN3 and LALBA can be used as potential biomarkers for goat milk, XDH can be used as potential biomarkers for cow milk, and CTSB and BPIFB1 can be used as potential biomarkers for sheep milk. The functional analysis using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes showed that these significantly different proteins were enriched by different pathways including thyroid hormone synthesis and glycerol phospholipid metabolism. The data revealed differences in the amounts and physiological functions of the milk proteins of different species, which may provide an important basis for research on the nutritional composition of dairy products and adulteration identification technology.