ABSTRACT
The perforation rate of the cat esophagus varies as the log of the pepsin concentration when the esophagus is perfused in vivo with canine gastric juice at constant acidity, temperature, and pressure. The esophagus is extremely sensitive to gastric juice, frequently perforating before 60 minutes of perfusion. The maximal response is achieved with pepsin concentrations of 0.3 mg/mL, although the canine stomach is capable of concentrations as high as 1.3 mg/mL after vagal stimulation with 2 deoxy-D-glucose. These findings emphasize that peptic activity contributes significantly to initial acute esophageal ulceration induced by gastric secretions.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Perforation/physiopathology , Pepsin A/pharmacology , Peptic Ulcer Perforation/physiopathology , Animals , Cats , Dogs , Esophageal Perforation/etiology , Esophagus/drug effects , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Pepsin A/analysis , Peptic Ulcer Perforation/etiology , Perfusion , Pressure , TemperatureABSTRACT
Glasgow's medical faculty traces back to the illustrious 16th century surgeon Peter Lowe. Its regius professorship, which dates from 1815, has been occupied by many luminaries including Joseph Lister, William Macewen, Charles Illingworth and Andrew W. Kay. William Macewen was Johns Hopkin's first choice for professor, but the opportunity was then awarded to William Halsted (1889-1922), who developed America's first great school of surgeons, a tradition restored by Blalock from 1941 to 1964.
Subject(s)
Schools, Medical/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Maryland , ScotlandABSTRACT
A variety of talents characterize the leaders of various eminent schools of surgery over the past two centuries that eludes precise delineation. There appears to be no standard pattern or model of performance. This brief narrative depicts some of the striking and primary qualities that have distinguished the leaders of a few notable schools of surgery during this period.
