ABSTRACT
Infertility affects approximately 186 million people worldwide and 8-12% of couples of reproductive age. Therefore, a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation of infertility is crucial to achieving improvements in targeted prevention and treatment outcomes. The aim of this review is to explore the biochemistry of infertility in order to properly diagnose and treat infertile couples. Recent studies indicate that routine measurement of biochemical parameters reflecting thyroid dysfunction, immunological disorders, autoimmune mechanisms, insulin resistance and malabsorption of selected micro- and macronutrients are required to assess infertility. Due to the complexity of this approach, algorithmic protocols that integrate these biochemical parameters in a dynamic test environment are necessary to provide a more comprehensive diagnostic assessment and more effective treatment strategy for infertile couples.
Subject(s)
Infertility, Female , Thyroid Diseases , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Dogwood fruits are a valuable source of active ingredients, such as phenolic compounds, vitamin C, iridoids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Plant extracts and substances derived from latin Cornus mas L. exhibit not only strong antibacterial but also antioxidant and tonicity properties, effectively preventing the development of inflammation in living organisms. In the present study, we attempted to obtain the innovative, multi-functional plant extract from the fruit of dogwood (Cornus mas L.). During the extraction process a mixture of water, glycerol, and vegetable oil were used as an extractant. The usage of such mixtures of solvents enabled us to extract a variety of active substances, soluble in both water and oils. The obtained extracts were analyzed for their physicochemical and biochemical properties, in order to apply the extract in a body nutrient lotion. The results clearly showed that such extract could be an innovative and multi-functional raw material used in cosmetics industry.
Subject(s)
Cornus/chemistry , Cosmetics/chemical synthesis , Fruit/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Adolescent , Adult , Antioxidants/analysis , Child , Cosmetics/chemistry , Emulsions/chemical synthesis , Emulsions/chemistry , Female , Flavonoids/analysis , Humans , Irritants/analysis , Male , Middle Aged , Phenols/analysis , Young AdultABSTRACT
Semen was obtained by transrectal electrostimulation from male patient after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection who had not ejaculated since time of operation. Vibratory stimulation was unsuccessful. electroejaculation was done under general anaesthesia. A silicone catheter was used to tamponade the bladder neck and antegrade ejaculations were collected. The semen underwent seminological assessment and then was diluted 1:1 in egg yolk substrate containing 15% glycerol, equilibrated, divided into straws and frozen in nitrogen. The straws were then placed for storage in liquid nitrogen until the insemination.
Subject(s)
Ejaculation , Electric Stimulation , Erectile Dysfunction/etiology , Erectile Dysfunction/rehabilitation , Lymph Node Excision/adverse effects , Adult , Humans , Male , Semen Preservation , Testicular Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To present a complete results of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Program (ICSI) performed at IVF Unit in Bialystok, Poland. DESIGN: Retrospective data analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 2593 cycles of ICSI treatment were analyzed. The results of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), parameters of fertilization, early embryo development and clinical pregnancy rates were compared depending on the type of COH used. RESULTS: Overall, for 16708 MII oocytes microinjected, the 2 pronuclear fertilization rate was 54%. Embryo transfer was performed in 94% of started cycles and 629 clinical pregnancies were recorded, giving a clinical pregnancy rate of 24% per cycle and 26% per transfer. No influence of COH on embryological and clinical results was noted. CONCLUSION: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be used successfully to treat couples with male factor infertility and those who have failed standard IVF. Precisely adapted protocol of ovarian hyperstimulation for every patient could diminish the costs of treatment without negative influence on ICSI results.
Subject(s)
Infertility, Male/therapy , Pregnancy Rate , Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic/methods , Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Embryo Transfer , Female , Humans , Male , Microsurgery , Oocytes , Ovulation Induction , Poland , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) on early embryo development used for reinsemination of unfertilized 1-day-old oocytes. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 126 embryos resulted from reinsemination by ICSI were analyzed with regard for the time course of cleavage and the quality of embryos at 48 hours after injection. Results were compared with those obtained in 698 embryos obtained after routine ICSI program. RESULTS: It has been shown that embryos derived from reinsemination developed slower in comparison with those obtained after regular ICSI program. At 48 hours after microinjection 50% of embryos achieved 4 blastomeres stage and 37% remained on 2 cells stage. 71% of regular ICSI embryos at this same time showed 4 blastomere or more, only 16% remained on 2 blastomeres stage. The quality of embryos was similar in two compared groups, however those obtained following reinsemination at 4 blastomere stage were significantly poorer quality. CONCLUSION: Embryos derived from reinsemination of 1-day old oocytes unfertilized after conventional IVF developed slower and the quality of embryos at 4 blastomere stage was poorer comparing to regular ICSI embryos.
Subject(s)
Embryonic and Fetal Development/physiology , Insemination, Artificial, Homologous , Oocytes/physiology , Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic/methods , Embryo Transfer/methods , Female , Fertilization in Vitro , Humans , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in women with severe polycystic ovary disease (PCD), stimulated after prolonged pituitary desensitization in comparison with regular long protocol therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), fertilization rate, early embryo development parameters and clinical pregnancy rates were compared depending on the duration of pituitary desensitization before gonadotropin administration. A total of 60 patients with severe PCOD were desensitized with GnRH agonist up to 30 days before COH. The results were compared with the group of 213 patients with mild PCOD treated with regular long protocol (control). RESULTS: We observed a slightly higher rate of mature oocytes MII as well as the number of embryos obtained in the control group, however the pregnancy rate in the group with prolonged desensitization was significantly higher (50%) in comparison to the control group (33.8%). CONCLUSION: The prolonged pituitary desensitization before controlled ovarian hyperstimulation gives better chance for obtaining pregnancy in patients with severe PCOD. It could be recommended facing previous treatment failure.
Subject(s)
Fertilization in Vitro , Infertility, Female/etiology , Infertility, Female/therapy , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications , Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic/methods , Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Retrospective Studies , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Computer assisted semen analysis was employed to find out whether there are some changes in movement parameters between autumn-winter and spring-summer time. 473 sperm specimens obtained from 12 sperm donors were analyzed. Statistically significant percentage of motile spermatozoa was higher during spring-summer time.
