ABSTRACT
A 64-year-old man with Waardenburg syndrome presented with anuria and was subsequently discovered by renal ultrasound to have unilateral renal agenesis. The patient is one of three generations with incidental finding of renal agenesis also marked by the presence of Waardenburg syndrome. To our knowledge, there has been no mention elsewhere in the scientific literature of a variant of Waardenburg syndrome with associated renal agenesis.
Subject(s)
Anuria/etiology , Congenital Abnormalities/etiology , Kidney Diseases/congenital , Kidney/abnormalities , Waardenburg Syndrome/physiopathology , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Kidney/diagnostic imaging , Kidney Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Kidney Diseases/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Ultrasonography , Waardenburg Syndrome/diagnosisABSTRACT
Co-culture of natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) results in their reciprocal co-activation, and an enhancement of lysis of tumor target cells. The receptor:ligand pairings mediating this enhancement are unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether interactions of CD161, on NK cells, with Clrs, on DCs, might have a role in this effect. Blocking expression of CD161B using siRNA resulted in a reduction in enhanced lytic activity following NK:DC co-culture. Conversely, blocking expression of CD161F with siRNA had no effect on enhanced lytic function following NK:DC co-culture. Blocking expression of ClrB/Ocil, a ligand for CD161B, resulted in a reduced level of enhanced lytic function following NK:DC co-culture. This is the first report of NK receptors responsible for interaction with DCs having a role in mediating enhanced lytic function following NK:DC interactions.
