ABSTRACT
The Bioceanic Corridor is an international land route under implementation, which aims to connect the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Brazil, to the ports of Northern Chile. This new route could shorten the transport time between South America and Asia by approximately two weeks. This paper's purpose is to contextualize, map, identify, and analyze the effects of this new logistics network designed by the Bioceanic Route over the Local Productive Arrangements (LPA) in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. To achieve these goals, a spatial econometric methodology was adopted to determine the State's productive concentration. The results indicate that this route will bring many development opportunities. However, for that to happen, favorable policies are essential and must be developed to facilitate an integration that allows for competitiveness in the State's economic activities. However, mere unplanned integration will potentially only lead to the reinforcement of already existing regional inequalities in the State.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Purpose: to compare the Auditory Middle Latency Response in adults, one group with and another group without altered auditory skills. In addition, the aim was to compare cut-off values of 30% and 50% for the Ear Effect in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Methods: the sample comprised 32 individuals of both genders with no hearing loss who were divided into Group 1 (16 individuals with no alterations in auditory skills) and Group 2 (16 individuals with alterations in auditory skills). All participants received an audiological evaluation and measurement of Brainstem and Auditory Middle Latency Potentials. Results: when Group 1 and Group 2 were compared, a statistically significant difference was only observed in Na and Pa amplitude of waves A1C3 and A2C3. In the analysis of sensitivity and specificity of the Auditory Middle Latency Response, a cut-off value of 50% gave a better balance between sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: adults presented with altered auditory abilities had smaller response amplitudes in the Na and Pa components of the waves generated in the left hemisphere. A cut-off value of 50% gave a better discrimination of the Ear Effect for identifying subjects with altered auditory skills.
RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a latência e a amplitude dos componentes Na, Pa, Nb e Pb do Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Média Latência em adultos com e sem alterações em habilidades auditivas, bem como analisar a sensibilidade e a especificidade dos valores de corte de 30% e 50% para o Efeito de Orelha. Métodos: compuseram a amostra 32 indivíduos de ambos os sexos e sem perda auditiva, sendo subdivididos em Grupo 1 (16 indivíduos sem alterações em habilidades auditivas) e Grupo 2 (16 indivíduos com alterações em habilidades auditivas). Todos os participantes foram submetidos a uma avaliação audiológica e aos Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Tronco Encefálico de Média Latência. O teste ANOVA foi utilizado na análise dos dados, considerando significantes os valores de p menores ou iguais a 0,05. Resultados: foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante apenas na amplitude de Na e Pa, quando Grupo 1 e Grupo 2 foram comparados. Esta diferença foi observada nas ondas A1C3 e A2C3. Na análise de sensibilidade e especificidade do Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Média Latência, observou-se que o valor de corte de 50% apresentou um melhor equilíbrio entre os critérios de sensibilidade e especificidade. Conclusão: os indivíduos adultos com alterações nas habilidades auditivas apresentaram menor amplitude de resposta nos componentes Na e Pa das ondas geradas no hemisfério esquerdo. O valor de corte de 50% apresentou um melhor equilíbrio na análise do Efeito de Orelha para a contribuição no diagnóstico de alterações de habilidades auditivas.
ABSTRACT
This study evaluates the ability of moderately halophilic bacterial isolates (Serratia sp., Bacillus sp., Morganella sp., Citrobacter freundii and Lysinibacillus sp.) to treat polluted wastewater in the presence of nZnO and nTiO2 nanoparticles. In this study, bacteria isolates were able to take up nZnO and nTiO2 at concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 mg/L in the presence of higher DO uptake at up to 100% and 99%, respectively, while higher concentrations triggered a significant decrease. Individual halophilic bacteria exhibited a low COD removal efficiency in the presence of both metal oxide nanoparticles concentration ranged between 1 and 10 mg/L. At higher concentrations, they triggered COD release of up to - 60% concentration. Lastly, the test isolates also demonstrated significant nutrient removal efficiency in the following ranges: 23-65% for NO3- and 28-78% for PO43-. This study suggests that moderately halophilic bacteria are good candidates for the bioremediation of highly polluted wastewater containing low metal oxide nanoparticles.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Insects depend on their olfactory sense as a vital system. Olfactory cues are processed by a rather complex system and translated into various types of behavior. In holometabolous insects like the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, the nervous system typically undergoes considerable remodeling during metamorphosis. This process includes the integration of new neurons, as well as remodeling and elimination of larval neurons. RESULTS: We find that the sensory neurons of the larval antennae are reused in the adult antennae. Further, the larval antennal lobe gets transformed into its adult version. The beetle's larval antennal lobe is already glomerularly structured, but its glomeruli dissolve in the last larval stage. However, the axons of the olfactory sensory neurons remain within the antennal lobe volume. The glomeruli of the adult antennal lobe then form from mid-metamorphosis independently of the presence of a functional OR/Orco complex but mature dependent on the latter during a postmetamorphic phase. CONCLUSIONS: We provide insights into the metamorphic development of the red flour beetle's olfactory system and compared it to data on Drosophila melanogaster, Manduca sexta, and Apis mellifera. The comparison revealed that some aspects, such as the formation of the antennal lobe's adult glomeruli at mid-metamorphosis, are common, while others like the development of sensory appendages or the role of Orco seemingly differ.
