Color-tunable and white circularly polarized luminescence through confining guests into chiral MOFs.

Herein, chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), DCF-20 and LCF-20, were utilized as matrices for both chirality transfer and energy transfer. HBT1@MOFs and HBT2@MOFs emit excitation-dependent circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) due to excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). HBT1/C152/NIR@MOFs exhibit full-color and white CPL. The luminescence dissymmetry factors (glum) were significantly increased, benefiting from the efficient chirality space transfer and high luminescence efficiency.

Effects and core patterns of Chinese herbal medicines on hematologic manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) on hematologic manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Airiti Library were searched for the period January 2000 to February 2022. STUDY SELECTION: RCTs involving CHMs in patients with SLE with available hematologic data. DATA EXTRACTION: The primary outcomes included white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin level, and platelet count. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included RCTs. Sensitivity analysis of RCTs with abnormal hematologic data before intervention was performed to verify the robustness of the results. Subgroup analysis was also applied for results with high heterogenicity. Core patterns of used herbal drug pairs had also been analyzed and visualized. DATA SYNTHESIS: Fifteen RCTs involving 1183 participants were included. The effects of elevating WBC count (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33-1.06; p <0.001), hemoglobin levels (WMD: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.31-0.97; p <0.001), and platelet count (WMD: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.48-0.74; p <0.001) in the CHM group were significantly greater than those in the control group. In total, 23 single herbs and 152 herbal drug pairs were identified for core patterns network analysis. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated significantly superior therapeutic effects achieved with CHMs and conventional therapy regarding leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia compared to that of conventional therapy alone in patients with SLE.

Carboplatin-Induced Thrombocytopenia through JAK2 Downregulation, S-Phase Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Megakaryocytes.

Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common complication when treating malignancies with cytotoxic agents wherein carboplatin is one of the most typical agents causing CIT. Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) is one of the critical enzymes to megakaryocyte proliferation and differentiation. However, the role of the JAK2 in CIT remains unclear. In this study, we used both carboplatin-induced CIT mice and MEG-01 cell line to examine the expression of JAK2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. Under CIT, the expression of JAK2 was significantly reduced in vivo and in vitro. More surprisingly, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway remained inactivated even when thrombopoietin (TPO) was administered. On the other hand, carboplatin could cause prominent S phase cell cycle arrest and markedly increased apoptosis in MEG-01 cells. These results showed that the thrombopoiesis might be interfered through the downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway by carboplatin in CIT, and the fact that exogenous TPO supplement cannot reactivate this pathway.

Berberine Suppresses Leukocyte Adherence by Downregulating CX3CL1 Expression and Shedding and ADAM10 in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Vascular Endothelial Cells.

Berberine exerts therapeutic effects in inflammation-associated diseases. In a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemic acute lung injury (ALI) rat model, berberine alleviated lung injury through different anti-inflammatory mechanisms; however, treatment effects on CX3CL1 expression and shedding remain to be examined. As these processes play important roles in promoting the binding of leukocytes to the endothelium, the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and its related pathways may serve as potential targets for the clinical treatment of ALI. The anti-inflammatory effects of berberine were investigated in LPS-stimulated rats, human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and THP-1 monocytic cells. Cx3cl1 expression in rat pulmonary tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry. CX3CL1, CX3CR1, RELA, STAT3, and ADAM10 levels were examined using Western blotting. CX3CL1 and ADAM10 mRNA levels were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Soluble fractalkine levels in LPS-stimulated rats and HUVECs were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Berberine significantly mitigated the LPS-induced upregulation of fractalkine and soluble fractalkine in rats and cultured HUVECs. Berberine mitigated the LPS-induced activation of the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. In THP-1 cells, berberine mitigated the LPS-induced upregulation of CX3CR1. Furthermore, the membrane expression of ADAM10 in LPS-stimulated HUVECs was suppressed by the berberine treatment. Berberine dose-dependently inhibited the LPS-induced activation of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and fractalkine shedding through ADAM10. These findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of berberine on monocyte adherence to the endothelium during inflammation.

Identification of two novel splicing variants of murine NTE-related esterase.

NTE-related esterase (NRE) is an insulin-regulated lysophospholipase with homology to neuropathy target esterase (NTE), which plays a role in energy metabolism. Here, we reported two alternative splicing variants of the murine NRE (mNRE) gene, termed mNREV1 and mNREV2. Genomic organization analysis indicated that 5' splice site of mNRE intron 33 was changed in both mNREV1 and mNREV2, and mNRE exon 21 was deleted in mNREV2. mNREV1 had the same protein domains with mNRE, while mNREV2 lacked the patatin domain in the C-terminal catalytic region. Green fluorescent protein-mNREV1 or mNREV2 fusion proteins localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. mNREV1 and mNRE exhibited equal hydrolytic activity to the substrate phenyl valerate, whereas mNREV2 did not have any catalytic activity. The expression profiles of mNRE and its splicing isoforms in white adipose tissue, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and testis tissues were further analyzed by real time quantitative-PCR in fed and fasted states, which indicated that the major isoform of mNRE mRNA generated switched from mNREV2 to mNREV1 during fasting. Thus there was a nutritional regulation of mNRE expression at the mRNA levels via alternative splicing.