ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the significance of liver biopsy and B ultrasonograpgy in the diagnosis of fatty liver. Methods The results of 62 patients with liver steatosis diagnosed by liver puncture biopsy but not by B-ultrasonograpgy were contrastively analyzed and combined with liver function, blood lipids, blood glucose, and body mass index. Results The 62 cases which were not diagnosed as fatty liver by B-ultrasonograpgy were proved to be 5％-33％liver steatosis after liver puncture biopsy. Among the 62 cases, 23 cases were indicated by the B-ultrasonograpgy that the liver parenchyma echo did not see abnormalities, 18 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo slightly was enlarged, 17 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo density was a bit enhanced and 4 cases were diffuse liver damage,which respectively were 37.01％、29.03％、27.42％and 6.45％. Pathologically it indicated that 45 cases were 5％≤liver steatosis≤19％. Among the 45 cases, 18 cases were indicated by the B-ultrasonograpgy that the liver parenchyma echo was not seen abnormalities, 8 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo slightly was enlarged, 17 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo density was a bit enhanced, and 2 cases were diffuse liver damage, and the change of ultrasound was mainly showed by the liver parenchyma echo not seen abnormalities and the enhanced liver parenchyma echo density. Pathologically it indicated that 17 cases were 20％≤liver steatosis≤33％, 6 cases were indicated by the B-ultrasonograpgy that the liver parenchyma echo did not see abnormalities, 5 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo slightly was enlarged, 5 cases showed the liver parenchyma echo density was a bit enhanced, and 1 case was diffuse liver damage, and the change of ultrasound was mainly showed by the liver parenchyma echo not seen abnormalities, the slightly enlarged liver parenchyma echo and the enhanced liver parenchyma echo density. By analyzing the influence to the ultrasound changes by patients' liver function, body mass index, blood fat and blood sugar, and with logistic regression analysis through a disorderly classification, it was found that the larger value of the glutamine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, body mass index, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, the higher possibility of diffuse liver damage, and the higher level of fatty degeneration, the higher possibility of diffuse liver damage. Conclusion In the diagnosis of fatty liver, when the fatty degeneration is below 1/3, B-ultrasonic examination can't show characteristic changes of fatty liver. It should be closely observed or take liver puncture biopsy to make a definite diagnosis of fatty liver.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the semen quality of university students in Wuhan, the largest city in the world in terms of the number of university students. All student sperm donors recorded in the Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank from 1 March 2010 to 31 December 2013 were screened. At last, a total of 3616 semen samples from 1808 university student sperm donors were eligible and retrospectively analyzed. Each donor's semen parameters were averaged over two samples and compared with the World Health Organization criteria, and a generalized linear regression model was used to examine several determinants of semen quality. We found that the mean and median values were 3.0 ml and 2.8 ml for semen volume, 50.2 × 10 6 ml-1 and 50.0 × 10 6 ml-1 for sperm concentration, 148.1 × 10 6 and 142.1 × 10 6 for total sperm count, and 58.6% and 60.0% for total sperm motility. About 85.0% of donors had parameters that were all normal. Season and duration of abstinence were critical factors affecting semen quality. We also found a decrease in sperm concentration during the 4 years observation; however, this may not be a strong evidence to confirm the declining trend of semen quality. In conclusion, semen quality of university students in Wuhan was not optimal and should be paid high attention, long-term observation and further study should be carried out to confirm the present situation.
