Genetic, Clinical, and Pathologic Backgrounds of Children With X-Linked Alport Syndrome in China: A Monocenter Study.

Background. Characteristics of X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) in a cohort of Chinese children. Methods. This work is a retrospective study covering the clinical information, pathological data, and gene sequencing results of 32 cases with XLAS from 2011 to 2022. Results. Among these 32 patients, the youngest age of onset was 3 months. Renal biopsy was performed on 29 children. The lamellated glomerular basement membrane was observed in 19 children using electron microscopy (65.5%). Of the 26 samples tested, 73.1% were found to be negative for collagen-a5 under immunohistochemical staining, showing clinical significance. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) detected 27 pathogenic gene mutations. A total of 15.4% of patients carried de novo mutations. Conclusions. The boys with XLAS showed more typical pathological performance than the girls. Patients with severe mutation were more likely to have proteinuria and hearing impairment. Renal pathology combined with NSG is an important means of diagnosis of AS.

Relationship of health promotion lifestyle with social support and self-efficacy of the elderly in urban-rural communities / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective:To investigate the health promoting lifestyle of the elderly in one urban-rural community in Shanghai, and explore its relationship with social support and self-efficacy. Methods:Using cluster sampling method, 984 senior citizens in a community of Pujiang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai were investigated with general situation, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ (HPLPⅡ ). Results:The total score of social support was 40.51±5.92. The total score of general self-efficacy was 2.35±0.58. The total score of health-promoting lifestyle was 120.44±22.75. The total score of SSRS, subjective support and utilization of support, and the total score of GSES were positively correlated with the scores of all dimensions and total scores of HPLPⅡ(P<0.01).The factors that have a strong ability to predict the total score of HPLPⅡ for the elderly are in sequence the total score of GSES, the total score of SSRS, the number of children, and the utilization score of support. Conclusion:The level of health promoting lifestyle of the elderly in the urban-rural community needs to be improved. Among them, the score of nutrition dimension is the highest, and the score of exercise dimension is the lowest. The health promotion behavior and health level of the elderly in the community can be improved by improving social support and self-efficacy.

Application and effect evaluation of day surgery hospital-community joint follow-up model / 中华医院管理杂志

" Day surgery hospital-community joint follow-up model " results newly from the deepening implementation of the hierarchical medical system policy. It is designed to follow up the patients discharged from hospital but not fully recovered in time to ensure the prevention of adverse events after surgery. It can also improve the quality and efficiency of follow-up, and ensure the safety and integrity of the whole day operation management. In this context, through a comparative study of 720 patients discharged from daytime surgery in the region, patients in the combined follow-up group were followed up by telephone on the 3rd day after the operation by nurses from the day surgery ward. On the 10th and 20th days after the operation, the family doctor from the community health service center will visit the patient at home and follow up the patient by telephone. One month later, the patient returned to the hospital for follow-up consultation. Follow-up results show day surgery hospital-community joint mode as a helpful aid in keeping track of the patients postoperative rehabilitation, reducing complications and handling in time, while improving the ambulatory surgery perioperative safety.

Clinical Significance of miR-210 and its Prospective Signaling Pathways in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Evidence from Gene Expression Omnibus and the Cancer Genome Atlas Data Mining with 2763 Samples and Validation via Real-Time Quantitative PCR.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Since the function of microRNA (miR)-210 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear, we aimed to explore the clinical significance of miR-210 in NSCLC. METHODS: NSCLC-related data from 1673 samples on Gene Expression Omnibus and 1090 samples on The Cancer Genome Atlas were obtained and analyzed. The expression level of miR-210 was validated via real-time quantitative PCR analysis with 125 paired clinical samples. A meta-analysis was performed to generate a comprehensive understanding of miR-210 expression and its clinical significance in NSCLC. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was also conducted to reveal the potential underlying mechanism of miR-210 action in NSCLC. RESULTS: miR-210 expression was consistently elevated in NSCLC solid tissue samples. However, its expression was controversial in easily obtained body fluids (i.e., blood, plasma, and serum). Moreover, an overall pooled meta-analysis implied a comparatively higher level of miR-210 expression in NSCLC cancerous tissue than in normal control tissue (P < 0.001). In addition, a meta-analysis of outcome revealed a significant diagnostic capacity of miR-210 in NSCLC by detecting its expression in serum and sputum (area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve 0.82 and 0.81, respectively). miR-210 overexpression was associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC and was negatively related to overall survival and disease-free survival. Bioinformatic gene enrichment and annotation analyses showed that the target genes of miR-210 were greatly enriched in cell adhesion and plasma membrane, and three pathways were considered to be the main functional circuits of miR-210: renin secretion, the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and cell adhesion molecules. CONCLUSION: In NSCLC, miR-210 expression was elevated and overexpression indicated poor PFS. Expression level of miR-210 in serum and sputum showed significant diagnostic value for NSCLC.

Clinical value of miR-198-5p in lung squamous cell carcinoma assessed using microarray and RT-qPCR.

BACKGROUND: To examine the clinical value of miR-198-5p in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). METHODS: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray datasets were used to explore the miR-198-5p expression and its diagnostic value in LUSC. Real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the expression of miR-198-5p in 23 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) LUSC tissues and corresponding non-cancerous tissues. The correlation between miR-198-5p expression and clinic pathological features was assessed. Meanwhile, putative target messenger RNAs of miR-198-5p were identified based on the analysis of differentially expressed genes in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 12 miRNA prediction tools. Subsequently, the putative target genes were sent to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. RESULTS: MiR-198-5p was low expressed in LUSC tissues. The combined standard mean difference (SMD) values of miR-198-5p expression based on GEO datasets were - 0.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.54, - 0.06) and - 0.39 (95% CI - 0.83, 0.05) using fixed effect model and random effect model, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were not sufficiently high, as the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.7749 (Q* = 0.7143) based on summarized receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves constructed using GEO datasets. Based on the in-house RT-qPCR, miR-198-5p expression was 4.3826 ± 1.7660 in LUSC tissues and 4.4522 ± 1.8263 in adjacent normal tissues (P = 0.885). The expression of miR-198-5p was significantly higher in patients with early TNM stages (I-II) than that in cases with advanced TNM stages (III-IV) (5.4400 ± 1.5277 vs 3.5690 ± 1.5228, P = 0.008). Continuous variable-based meta-analysis of GEO and PCR data displayed the SMD values of - 0.26 (95% CI - 0.48, - 0.04) and - 0.34 (95% CI - 0.71, 0.04) based on fixed and random effect models, respectively. As for the diagnostic value of miR-198-5p, the AUC based on the SROC curve using GEO and PCR data was 0.7351 (Q* = 0.6812). In total, 542 genes were identified as the targets of miR-198-5p. The most enriched Gene Ontology terms were epidermis development among biological processes, cell junction among cellular components, and protein dimerization activity among molecule functions. The pathway of non-small cell lung cancer was the most significant pathway identified using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. CONCLUSION: The expression of miR-198-5p is related to the TNM stage. Thus, miR-198-5p might play an important role via its target genes in LUSC.

Effect of miR­146a­5p on tumor growth in NSCLC using chick chorioallantoic membrane assay and bioinformatics investigation.

Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of miR­146a­5p was downregulated in non­small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue, which affected the progression and prognosis of patients with NSCLC. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the functional mechanism of miR­146a­5p in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in NSCLC. Following the construction of a H460 NSCLC cell line in which miR­146a­5p was overexpressed via lentivirus transduction, the NSCLC chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was established by transplanting miR­146a­5p­overexpressing NSCLC cells into the CAM. Then, the size of the neoplasms within the CAM was measured, the vessel ratio was calculated, and the cellular morphology, metastasis and inflammation of tumor cell was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The target genes of miR­146a­5p were predicted by 12 online software programs; these genes were then subjected to Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotations using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery 6.7 as well as constructed into a protein interaction network using protein­protein interaction from Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins. The xenograft tumor size and angiogenesis conditions of the miR­146a­5p­overexpressing group (volume 6.340±0.066 mm3, vessel ratio 9.326±0.083) was obviously restricted (P<0.001) when compared with the low expression group (volume 30.13±0.06 mm3, vessel ratio 16.94±0.11). In addition, marked necrosis along with inflammatory cell infiltration was observed with the HE­stained slices from the miR­146a­5p low expression group. Regarding the results of the target gene prediction, cancer and toll­like receptor signaling were the two most significant pathways represented among the target genes, while JUN, EGFR and RAC1 were the most relevant proteins among the selected potential targets of miR­146a­5p. In a CAM xenograft tumor model, overexpression of miR­146a­5p inhibited the tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of an NSCLC cell line. miR­146a­5p may act as a tumor suppressor gene in NSCLC and have moderate prognostic value in lung cancer.

The clinical value of lncRNA NEAT1 in digestive system malignancies: A comprehensive investigation based on 57 microarray and RNA-seq datasets.

This comprehensive investigation was performed to evaluate the expression level and potential clinical value of NEAT1 in digestive system malignancies. A total of 57 lncRNA datasets of microarray or RNA-seq and 5 publications were included. The pooled standard mean deviation (SMD) indicated that NEAT1 was down-regulated in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA, SMD = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.5~-0.20, P < 0.0001) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, SMD = -0.47, 95% CI: -0.60~-0.34, P < 0.0001), while in pancreatic cancer (PC), NEAT1 was up-regulated (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.2~0.71, P = 0.001). However, NEAT1 expression in gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer (CRC), biliary tract cancer (BTC) and gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) showed no significant difference between cancer and control groups. The pooled area under the curve values for ESCA, GC, CRC, PC and HCC were 0.60, 0.89, 0.81, 0.77 and 0.69, respectively. Furthermore, our result demonstrated that a high expression of NEAT1 predicted an unfavorable prognosis in patients with digestive system malignancies (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.28-1.76, P < 0.0001). Our study suggests that NEAT1 may play different roles in the initiation and progression of digestive system cancers and could be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with digestive system carcinomas. Further and stricter studies with a larger number of cases are necessary to strengthen our conclusions.

The relationship between inflammatory factor expression and cell apoptosis in gingival tissue of the subjects with diabetes associated periodontitis / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To study the relationship between IL-1β and TNFα expression and cell apoptosis in gingival tissue of the subjects with diabetes associated periodontitis(DAP).Methods:20 cases of DAP(group DAP) and 20 cases of health controls(group H)were included.The cell apoptosis and the ultrastructural changes in gingival tissue were observed by Tunnel staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM).IL-1β and TNFα expression in gingival tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining.SBI,GI,PD and AL of the subjects were measured.The relationship between the level of IL-1β,TNFα and the cell appotosis was analyzed.Results:Apoptosis was obvious in prickle cells and basal cells of gingival tissue of DAP group.The percentage of apoptosis cells of DAP group was significantly higher than that of group H(P＜0.01).The expression of IL-1β and TNFα in group DAP was significant higher than that of group H (P＜0.01),and the mainly positive expression cells were macrophages,plasmocytes and lymphocytes.Conclusion:IL-1β and TNFα play a role in cell apoptosis in the gingival tissue of the patients with DAP.

Protective effect of Shuyu Yiban decoction on atherosclerosis in rats induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress / 中国中药杂志

Shuyu Yiban decoction(SYYB) has significant effect in treating the patients with coronary heart disease combined with chronic psychological stress. In this study, in order to observe the effects of SYYB on early formation of atherosclerosis(As) and inflammation response induced by chronic psychological stress, high-fat diet+intraperitoneal injections of Vitamin D3 were given to establish As early lesion models, and based on these models, chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) was used to observe whether the chronic psychological stress could increase coronary atherosclerotic lesions investigate the intervention effect of SYYB(6.6, 13.2, 26.4 mg•kg⁻¹). The tail suspension test and novelty-feeding test were adopted to detectadrenocortico-tropic hormone(ACTH), cortisol(Cor) andnoradrenaline(NE) in serum and weigh thymus and adrenal gland, in order to assess the effects of SYYB on CUMS model rats. The pathological changes of vascular tissues in aortic arch were observed by using hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining, and then the levels of triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(TC) and high density lipoprotein(HDL-C) in serum were determined to assess effects of SYYB on As lesions. The effects of SYYB on the inflammatory response in As rats were assessed by detecting high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP), interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in serum. The results showed that as compared with the blank control group, TC and TG levels in As group were increased while HDL-C was markedly decreased; furthermore, the aortic wall was thickened in HE staining. Meanwhile, foam cells were formed, and the behavioral assessment and serum stress hormone test showed that there was a chronic stress response, indicating successful establishment of As+CUMS models in this study. The experiment demonstrated that SYYB could lower the levels of serum TC and TG, reduce foam cells, calcification and inflammatory cells infiltration. Moreover, SYYB could obviously lower levels of ACTH, Cor and NE and the As related inflammatory indicatorhs-CRP, IL-1β and IL-6 in serum.These results indicated that SYYB had protective effect on chronic psychological stress induced in As rats, and the mechanism was associated with balancing the neuroendocrine-immune network system and regulating inflammation response.

Phylogenetic analysis of euthyneuran gastropods from sea to land mainly based on comparative mitogenomic of four species of Onchidiidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata).

We generated complete mitochondrial genome sequences data for 4 genera (Onchidium, Platevindex, Paraoncidium and Peronia) in Onchidiidae to construct a phylogenetic tree in conjunction with other 9 existing data among gastropods. The topology showed that the taxa clustered into two main groups of four species, one of which included Onchidium struma and the Platevindex mortoni, the other Paraoncidium reevesii and Peronia verruculata. The process in Pulmonata from sea to land in accordance with the evolution of respiratory organs from branchial gills to pulmonary cavity has been shown. This will also constitute a framework for phylogeny evolution analysis, systematic classfication of Onchidiidae and other euthyneurans (pulmonates and opisthobranchs).

The development and application of health educational APP / 中国实用护理杂志

With the vigorous development of the modern science and technology, mobile phone APP in such aspects as enterprise, education, medical treatment is getting more and more attention. The development and application of mobile phone APP facilitates the daily life of people. The development and application of medical APP, has gradually become the trend of the 21st century in medical domain. Health educational APP, as a new type of health educational mobile phone application software, gets the favor of people. Health educational APP has the advantage that the pertinence, initiative and timeliness, but in terms of the current health educational APP, which defects such as patient information disclosure and unreliable. Therefore, we need to strengthen the market management of health educational APP, audit the authenticity of information content and make it more professional. In the future, health educational APP can truly helm our health.

Analysis of risk factors associated with postoperative lower respiratory infections in the elderly patients with lung carcinoma / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To explore the possible risk factors associated with postoperative lower respiratory infections in the elderly patients with lung carcinoma,and to formulate the appropriate preventive strategies according to the results of the study.Methods From January 2014 to April 2015,182 elderly patients with lung carcinoma who were undergoing surgical treatment in Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University were collected.All patients were divided into infection group (n =29) and control group (n =153) according to whether occuring postoperative lower respiratory infections or not.The possible risk factors associated with postoperative lower respiratory infections were analyzed by single factor analysis and multivariable Logistic regression model.Results Single factor analysis showed that the postoperative lower respiratory infections of elderly patients with lung carcinoma were associated with age (t =-3.03,P ＜ 0.05),smoking (x2 =5.69,P =0.02),albumin (t =2.40,P =0.02),forced expiratory volume (FEV) 1.0％ (t =5.85,P ＜ 0.05),lung carcinoma stage (x2 =7.06,P =0.01),small cell lung cancer (x2 =5.09,P =0.02),complication with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (x2 =16.28,P ＜0.01) and complication with coronary heart disease (x2 =10.13,P ＜ 0.01).Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR =1.34,95％CI:1.13-1.59,x2 =11.17,P＜0.01),smoking (OR=12.68,95％ CI:2.06-78.04,x2 =7.50,P=0.01),FEV1.0％ (OR =0.90,95％ CI:0.83-0.97,x2 =7.76,P =0.01),squamous-cell carcinoma (OR =6.88,95％ CI:1.41-33.56,x2 =5.70,P =0.02),complication with COPD (OR =12.44,95％ CI:1.41-109.90,x2 =5.15,P =0.02) and complication with coronary heart disease (OR =10.61,95％ CI:2.25-90.50,x2 =7.18,P =0.01) were independent risk factors for postoperative lower respiratory infections in the elderly patients with lung carcinoma.Conclusion Age,smoking,squamous-cell carcinoma,low value of FEV1.0％,complication with COPD or coronary heart disease can increase the risk of postoperative lower respiratory infections in the elderly patients with lung carcinoma.Comprehensive and effective preventive strategies should be performed to reduce the risk of postoperative respiratory infections.

Long-term results of personalized treatment in 72 breast cancer patients who failed chemotherapy / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of personalized treatment for breast cancer patients who failed chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two patients with breast cancer who failed chemotherapy were treated at the Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2001 to January 2012. Among them, 42 cases received 5.6 cycles (range, 4-8 cycles) of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and 30 cases received 12.2 cycles (range, 6-22 cycles), both postoperative adjuvant and salvage chemotherapy. All of the 72 patients of stage IV were given personalized treatment. Under guidance of the principle that multidisciplinary treatment improves control rate but does not or less damage the normal tissues and host immune function, precise radiotherapy combined with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), biological agent and others were chosen for the patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival time was 20 months. Univariate analysis showed that non-invasive ductal carcinoma, less metastasized organs, without brain, liver and lung metastasis, Karnofsky performance scores ≥ 80, not combined with chemotherapy, and multiple courses of Chinese herbal medicine and biolojical agent treatment had significant impact on survival (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that no brain metastasis, non-invasive ductal carcinoma, and Chinese herbal medicine and biological agent treatment ≥ 7 courses and not combined with chemotherapy had obvious significance (P < 0.05). The rate of grade 3 and 4 treatment-related hematological toxicity was 8.3% (6/72) and 5.6% (4/72), respectively. All the patients with grade 4 hematological toxicity were the cases of grade 3 at hospital admission. No grade 3 and 4 acute radiation damages of the lung and liver were noticed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese herbal medicine combined with biological agents and others prolongs survival time in breast cancer patients who failed chemotherapy, and provides an alternative treatment modality for them.</p>

Complete mitochondrial genome of Paraoncidium reevesii (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Systellommatophora, Onchidiidae).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Paraoncidium reevesii was firstly determined in this paper. The mitogenome (13,842 bp) consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 putative control region (CR). CR is not well characterized due to lack of discrete conserved sequence blocks. This characteristic is similar with CRs of other invertebrate mitochondrial genomes.

PCL films incorporated with paclitaxel/5-fluorouracil: Effects of formulation and spacial architecture on drug release.

The bi/tri-layered poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL)-based films co-loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and paclitaxel (PTX) are presented for biodegradable film-based stent application. A gradient elution HPLC analytical method was used for simultaneous quantification of 5-FU and PTX. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to observe the microscopic architecture and morphologies, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed for analyzing the physical state of the components in the single layer film. Horizontal cells diffusion test results indicated that the multi-layered structure endowed the film with drug release in unidirectional pattern. The in vitro release results showed that drug release was dependent on the drug loading, the ratio of 5-FU/PTX, the composition of surface layer, as well as the addition of hydrophilic PEG. The cytotoxicity results indicated that the PCL-based films co-loaded with 5-FU and PTX could effectively inhibit the proliferation of Eca-109 cells. The in vivo drug release results showed that the in vivo drug release was highly correlative with the in vitro drug releases. This study provided PCL-based films co-loaded with 5-FU and PTX with great potential for anti-tumor stent application, due to their unidirectional and rate-tunable drug release characteristics and dual drug loading capacity.

Effects of amphiphilic PCL-PEG-PCL copolymer addition on 5-fluorouracil release from biodegradable PCL films for stent application.

Biodegradable film-based stents emerged as a promising medical platform for drug delivery to resolve stenosis encountered in physiological conduits (e.g. blood vessels, biliary and urethral tracts). Drug release kinetics significantly affects the pharmacological effects of a stent, thus it is desirable for a stent to possess highly adjustable drug release kinetics. In this study, a series of amphiphilic poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL) copolymers were used as additives to adjust 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) release from PCL films. The effects of the copolymer addition on drug release behavior, drug permeability, crystalline states, and surface and internal morphologies of the films were investigated. It was found that, the addition of PCL-PEG-PCL could accelerate 5-FU release. The release rate of 5-FU increased with increasing content of PCL-PEG-PCL in the film, but it decreased with the ratio of PCL blocks in the PCL-PEG-PCL copolymer. The diffusion test results showed that 5-FU diffused through the film containing PCL-PEG-PCL faster than it permeated through the pure PCL film, indicating that the addition of PCL-PEG-PCL can improve the permeability of 5-FU in PCL film. The addition of PCL-PEG-PCL copolymer showed high drug-release-regulating ability in the 5-FU-loaded PCL films.

Stents as a platform for drug delivery.

INTRODUCTION: Drug delivery stents have proved their efficacy at preventing coronary restenosis and their potential in treating the occlusion or stricture of other body passageways, such as peripheral vessels and alimentary canals. The drug delivery systems on such stent platforms contribute to this improved therapeutic efficacy by providing improved drug delivery performance, along with reduced concerns encountered by current stents (e.g., in-stent restenosis, late thrombosis and delayed healing). AREAS COVERED: A wide variety of drug delivery stents (metallic drug-eluting stents, absorbable drug-eluting stents, and polymer-free drug-eluting stents for coronary and other applications) that are commercially available or under investigation are collected and summarized in this review, with emphasis on their drug delivery aspects. This review also gives insights into the progression of stent-based drug delivery strategies for the prevention of stent-related problems, or the treatment of local diseases. In addition, a critical analysis of the advantages and challenges of such strategies is provided. EXPERT OPINION: With an in-depth understanding of drug properties, tissue/organ biology and disease conditions, stent drug delivery systems can be improved further, to endow the stents with better efficacy and safety, along with lower toxicity. There is also a great need for stents that can simultaneously deliver multiple drugs, to treat complex diseases from multiple aspects, or to treat several diseases at the same time. Drug release kinetics greatly determines the stent performance, thus effective strategies should also be developed to achieve customized kinetics.

[Preliminary classification and phylogenetic relationship among Onchidiidae in China inferred from 18S rRNA partial sequence].

As a nutritious mollusk living in the intertidal zone, Onchidiidae has a significant value for biological research. Nine populations were collected from the costal areas such as Chongming (Shanghai), Ningde (Fujian), Haikou (Hainan) in this study. Through the study of anatomy and other methods to investigate the major category characteristics, the nine populations were preliminary classified. By sequencing segments of 18S rRNA gene and constructing phylogenetic trees using these nine populations and four other 18S rRNA gene sequences from GenBank, with Siphonaria as an outgroup, we analyzed the phylogeny of Onchidiidae in mainland China. The trees were used for discussing the relationship between the populations of the Onchidiidae in this study. The results showed that the southern coast has more populations than the northern coast in China. Besides two known species, Onchidium struma (JZH) and O. verruculatum (FJZ & HNZ), five new recorded species may exist: Onchidium(1), Platevindex(2), one Peronia(1) and Paraoncidium(1). The phylogenetic trees indicated that the nine populations can be divided into four subgroups, Peronia, Onchidium, Platevindex and Paraoncidium, and Peronia has the highest confidence level in clustering. Onchidium verruculatum (FJZ & HNZ) should be Peronia verruculata.

The study on differential gene expression profiling in pulmonary tissue of rats exposed to silica early / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the differential gene expression profiling of rats exposed to silica using the normal rats as control.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Animal models were established using intratracheal injection of the lung and 22 107 genes were screened in the differential expression profiling of silicosis by using oligonucleotide bead array. Differential expression profiling data were analyzed by using DAVID bioinformation software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 1567 differentially expressed genes were identified in lungs of silica exposed rats including 765 up-regulated genes and 802 down-regulated genes as compared to the normal controls. Among 406 annotated genes in KEGG pathways, 204 genes and 11 pathways were up-regulated as well as 202 genes and 3 pathways were down-regulated in silica exposed rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All 1567 genes are involved in the formation of silicosis. The differential gene expression profile of silicosis describes the general changes in the gene expressions in silicosis at transcriptional level. Further analysis of the identified genes might help reveal the molecular mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica.</p>

The proteomics research on relational expressed serum proteins among the recovered SARS patients complicating avascular necrosis of femoral head / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To seek differentially expressed serum proteins in recovered SARS patients complicating avascular necrosis of femoral head (AVNFH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>2-DE and MALDI-TOF MS were used to study the comparative serum proteomics among female SARS AVNFH group, female SARS non-AVNFH group and female healthy group. ELISA method was used to detect serum amyloid P component in individual serum; specificity and sensitivity of serum amyloid P component were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Average protein points on 2-DE of 3 groups were 632 +/- 28, 671 +/- 55, 688 +/- 42 respectively, and the matching rate of protein points was ranged from 85% to 95%; eighteen differentially expressed proteins were discovered including transthyretin, serpin peptidase inhibitor, alpha-1-antitrypsin precursor, serum amyloid P components, etc. Compared to healthy group and SARS non-AVNFH group, transthyretin, C4B3, fibrinogen gamma, apolipoprotein L, apolipoprotein A-IV precursor, albumin and prealbumin showed lower expression, inversely serpin peptidase inhibitor, alpha-1-antitrypsin precursor and serum amyloid P components showed higher expression in serum in the SARS AVNFH necrosis group. The serum amyloid P component in 3 groups were 0.54 +/- 0.30 ng/ml, 0.83 +/- 0.39 ng/ml, 1.21 +/- 0.29 ng/ml respectively. The areas under the ROC curve on serum amyloid P component was 0.854, the specificity was 77.8% and the sensitivity was 85.2%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There were differentially expressed serum proteins in three groups. Serum amyloid P components might be one of the potential biomarkers in serum of recovered SARS patients complicating avascular necrosis of femoral head.</p>