Associations of soybean products intake with blood pressure changes and hypertension incidence: the China-PAR project.

BACKGROUND: The relationships between dietary intake of soybean products and incident hypertension were still uncertain. This study aimed to illustrate the associations between intake of soybean products with risks of incident hypertension and longitudinal changes of blood pressure in a prospective cohort study. METHODS: We included 67, 499 general Chinese adults from the Project of Prediction for Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China (China-PAR). Information about soybean products consumption was collected by standardized questionnaires, and study participants were categorized into the ideal (≥ 125 g/day) or non-ideal (< 125 g/day) group. Hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for incident hypertension were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models. Among participants with repeated measures of blood pressure, generalized linear models were used to examine the relationships between soybean products consumption and blood pressure changes. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 7.4 years, compared with participants who consumed < 125 g of soybean products per day, multivariable adjusted HR for those in the ideal group was 0.73 (0.67-0.80). This inverse association remained robust across most subgroups while significant interactions were tested between soybean products intake and age, sex, urbanization and geographic region (P values for interaction < 0.05). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were 1.05 (0.71-1.39) mmHg and 0.44 (0.22-0.66) mmHg lower among participants in the ideal group than those in the non-ideal group. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that intake of soybean products might reduce the long-term blood pressure levels and hypertension incidence among Chinese population, which has important public health implications for primary prevention of hypertension.

Endosulfan inhibiting the meiosis process via depressing expressions of regulatory factors and causing cell cycle arrest in spermatogenic cells.

Endosulfan is a persistent organic pollutant and widely used in agriculture as a pesticide. It is present in air, water, and soil worldwide; therefore, it is a health risk affecting especially the reproductive system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of endosulfan in the reproductive system. To investigate the effect of endosulfan on meiosis process, 32 rats were divided into four groups, treated with 0, 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg/day endosulfan, respectively, and sacrificed after the 21 days of treatments. Results show that endosulfan caused the reductions in sperm concentration and motility rate, which resulted into an increased in sperm abnormality rate; further, endosulfan induced downregulation of spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor (Sohlh1) which controls the switch on meiosis in mammals, as well cyclin A1, cyclin-dependent kinases 1 (CDK1), and cyclin-dependent kinases 2 (CDK2). In vitro, endosulfan induced G2/M phase arrest in the spermatogenic cell cycle and caused proliferation inhibition. Moreover, endosulfan induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in vivo and vitro. The results suggested that endosulfan could inhibit the start of meiosis by downregulating the expression of Sohlh1 and induce G2/M phase arrest of cell cycle by decreasing the expression of cyclin A1, CDK1, and CDK2 via oxidative damage, which inhibits the meiosis process, and therefore decrease the amount of sperm.

Influence of Kudou Shencha decotion on INF-gamma, ICAM-1, MCP-1 levels of prostate tissue homogenate in immunity prostatitis model rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of Kudou Shencha decotion on INF-y, ICAM-1, MCP-1 levels of prostate tissue homogenate in immunity prostatitis model rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Forty Wistar male rats were divided into 5 groups randomly: Kudou Shencha decotion group with high dosage and low dosage, Qianleitai group, the model control group and normal group. The rat model of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis was established by multiple hypodermical injection of the suspension of prostatic protein purification with Freund's completed adjuvant. The level of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), interferon gamma (INF-gamma) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The content of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in the model group was higher than that of the normal group (P < 0.05), the content of ICAM-1 was obviously decreased in Kudou Shencha decotion group with high dosage (P <0.05), the contents of MCP-1 were all obviously decreased in Kudou Shencha decotion groups and Qianlietai group. Compared with the model group, the contents of INF-gamma in all treatment groups were decreased insignificantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Kudou Shencha decotion has the action of lowering the level of ICAM-1 and MCP-1, which may be one of the mechanisms of Kudou Shencha decotion in the therapy of chronic prostatitis.</p>

Infliximab protects against pulmonary emphysema in smoking rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is widely accepted that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of emphysema. This study aimed at investigating the protective effects of anti-TNF-α antibody, infliximab, in the development of emphysema induced by passive smoking in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-nine rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group 1), an emphysema group (group 2), and an infliximab-intervention group (group 3). Rat models of emphysema were established by exposure to cigarette smoking daily for 74 days. After 1 month, the infliximab intervention group was treated with infliximab via subcutaneous injection. The levels of TNF-α, IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The number and classification of cells in the BALF were measured. Lung tissue sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were observed, and mean linear intercept (MLI) and mean alveolar numbers (MAN) were measured. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods were used to examine the percentage of positive cells and distribution of apoptotic cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of TNF-α and IL-8 in BALF were higher in group 2 than in group 1 and group 3. The MLI was greater in group 2 than that in group 1 and group 3 while MAN was decreased. The concentration of VEGF in BALF of group 2 was significantly decreased as compared with group 1. The total cells and neutrophils number was significantly increased in group 2 as compared with group 1 and group 3, so was the percentage of neutrophils. The number of TUNEL positive cells in the alveolar septa was significantly increased in group 2 as compared with group 1 and group 3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Infliximab protects against cigarette smoking-induced emphysema by reducing airway inflammation, attenuating alveolar septa cell apoptosis and improving pathological changes.</p>

Comparison of clinical effects between locking intramedullary nail fixation and skeletal traction in treating tibiofibula fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare and evaluate clinical effects between locking intramedullary nail fixation and skeletal traction in order to provide the best therapeutic choice for tibiofibula fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From November 1989 to December 2000, 108 patients with tibiofibula fractures (group A) were treated with skeletal traction, there was 76 males and 32 females; the age was from 29 to 66 years with an average of (40.3 +/- 9.6) years; according to AO classification standard,48 cases were type A, 46 type B, 14 type C, of which the standard typing Gustio, type I in 15 cases, type II in 13, type III A in 2. And from January 2001 to July 2007, 57 patients with tibiofibula fractures (group B) were treated with locking intramedullary nail fixation,there was 40 males and 17 females,the age was from 21 to 69 years with an average of (38.1 +/- 8.9) years; according to AO classification standard, 27 cases were type A, 22 type B, 8 type C, of which the standard typing Gustio, type I in 7 cases, type II in 6, type III A in 1. Four indexes were compared, including the time of fracture healing, the time of achieved 90 degrees genuflection, the time of off-bed weight-bearing and complication.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Comparison of fracture healing time: group A was (19.0 +/- 0.6) weeks and group B was (14.0 +/- 0.5) weeks; the time of achieved 90 degrees genuflection in group A was (92.0 +/- 8.2) d and in group B was (39.0 +/- 6.1) d; the time of off-bed weight-bearing in group A was (96.0 +/- 6.3) d and in group B was (38.0 +/- 6.5) d. Complication occurred in 42 cases in group A and 6 in group B. There was significantly difference in 4 items between two groups (P < 0.01). The method of locking intramedullary nail fixation was better than skeletal traction in treating tibiofibula fractures.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Treatment of tibiaofibula fractures with locking intramedullary nail fixation can obtain satisfactory effect, which has less complication, the fracture heals and weigh-loading can be achieved early.</p>

A matched case-control study on the risk factors of burn injury among primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relative factors of burn injury among primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou and to provide scientific evidence for intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1:1 case-control study was conducted in 428 cases and 428 controls based on different sex and classes. The relationship between relative factors and burn injury was analyzed by univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Following facts were discovered: burn injury mainly occurred in the upper limbs (57.9%), home was the place that most of burn injury (58.2%) took place, 51.0% of the burn injuries was caused by hot liquid, 43.9% burn injury needed medical treatment and 7.7% burn injury left with sequelae as dysfunction or disability. Data from the multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that boarding students (OR = 2.47), older age of the mothers (OR = 1.03), non-nuclear family (OR = 1.25 - 1.84) were risk factors of burn injury. Being the only child (OR = 0.60), having sufficient time for sleep (OR = 0.84), good performance record (OR = 0.85), higher maternal education background were protective factors on burn injury.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Among primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou, burn injury mainly occurred in the upper limbs, and home was the place that most of burn injury took place.</p>

A matched case-control study on risk factors related to sports injuries in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors and to provide evidence for prevention and reduction of sports injuries in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou. Methods 1:1 case-control study was conducted on both 349 cases and controls under the same distribution of sex, age and grade. Conditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the relationships between risk factors and injuries. Results Severe soles wear (OR=7.20, 95% CI: 2.37-21.84),tiredness (OR= 14.34,95%CI:2.29-89.66) or sickness (OR=1.96,95%CI: 1.29-3.06) when participating in sports at a high frequency and history of previous injuries (OR=2.11,95%CI: 1.41-3.96) were risk factors related to sports injury while guidance by teachers and physical education provided by teachers during training (OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.26-0.79) , appropriate protection (OR= 0.36, 95%CI: 0.20-0.64) as well as warming-up exercise (OR=0.31,95%CI: 0.14-0.67) at a high frequency were protective factors for sports injury. Conclusion Prevention and control on sports injury need to improve the awareness on sports safety for students and teachers in order to develop positive behavior on sports safety.

Therapeutic effect of hewei xiaopi capsule for treatment of dyskinesis functional dyspepsia / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Hewei Xiaopi Capsule (HXC) in treating patients with dyskinesis functional dyspepsia (FD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-three patients with FD were randomly assigned to two groups, 33 in the treated group and 30 in the control group, who were treated respectively with HXC and domperidone for 4 weeks to observe the clinical effect and changes in electrogastrogram (EGG) before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Symptoms were alleviated in both groups after treatment, 3 patients in the treated group were cured, the efficacy was judged as markedly effective in 11, effective in 14 and ineffective in 5, while in the control group, 1 cured, 8 markedly effective, 14 effective and 7 ineffective, difference between the two groups showed no statistical significance. EGG showed that in the treated group, the normal slow-wave percentage was 41.93 +/- 18.22 before treatment and 50.86 +/- 16.03 after treatment, showing significant difference (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HXC is markedly effective in treating patients with FD.</p>

Study on detection of samples of Rh-weak D and Del / 中国实验血液学杂志

To study the detection of weak D and Del from samples initially screened RhD(-), RhD phenotype was initially screened by routine serological test, out of which weak D phenotype was detected by indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) and Del phenotype was detected by chloroform-trichloroethylene absorption-elution test. The results showed that 56 samples were RhD(-) confirmed by routine serology test, which were screened out of 26 200 donors, among them 5 samples were typed as weak D by IAT and 9 cases samples were typed as Del by absorption-elution test. In conclusion, the samples which typed as RhD(-) by routine serological test must be identified by IAT and chloroform-trchloroethylene absorption test is order to detect weak D and Del phenotype. It is important for clinical transfusion safely.

Investigation on Tap Water Quality Effected by PVC-U Pipes / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To study the effects of PVC_U pipes on tap water quality.Methods The safty assessment on a certain brand of PVC_U pipes was carried out. A residential quarter with this kind of PVC_U pipes for water supply was selected. Drinking water samples were collected from 2 pipeline inlets outside the quarter and 4 outlets inside the apartment. The indexes such as organoleptic indexes, general chemical indexes, heavy metals, organic compounds, radioactivity of the water samples were determined. The toxicological tests were carried out also. Results The sanitary indexes of the water samples for immersing PVC_U pipes except the content of ferrite accorded with the related national standards. No significant differences were observed in sanitary indexes of the water samples collected from inlets and outlets of pipeline for the apartment. The organic extracts of the water samples from the outlets of water supply system in the apartment showed negative results in acute oral toxicity test, 30_day feeding test, micronucleus test and Ames test. Conclusion PVC_U pipes were safe and hygenic for drinking water supply.