[Sympatho-adrenergic reactions following theophylline administration with the use of various anesthesia technics]. / Sympatho-adrenerge Reaktionen nach Theophyllin-Applikation bei Anwendung verschiedener Anaesthesieverfahren.

The mechanism of action of theophylline is still the subject of controversy. Possible mechanisms that have been suggested are inhibition of phosphodiesterase, release of catecholamines, effects on intracellular calcium, and adenosine antagonism. With regard to these aspects, it was the aim of this study to compare sympatho-adrenal responses after theophylline application during different anesthetic techniques. A total of 60 patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery were investigated: they were divided into three groups of 20 patients who received either halothane anesthesia with thiopentone induction, modified neurolept anesthesia with fentanyl and midazolam, or spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine and mepivacaine. Within these three groups, the patients were randomly allocated to a theophylline collective receiving an injection of theophylline, 4 mg/kg body weight and to the control group. Plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine (by HPLC/ECD), glucose, lactate and free glycerol and MAP and HR were determined over a period of 120 min. In all groups, epinephrine levels increased immediately after injection of theophylline; group levels of epinephrine were higher in the theophylline-groups than in controls (P less than 0.0001). A remarkable increase was observed within 60 min. Peak epinephrine concentrations were comparable after single injections of 100 micrograms or infusions of 5 micrograms/min. The norepinephrine increase after theophylline injection was brief and less pronounced. MAP, HR, glucose, lactate and free glycerol were not influenced by theophylline. A comparison of the theophylline patients showed no statistical differences attributable to the different anesthetic techniques.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The binding sites of the calcium antagonist [3H] PN 200,110 in the human myometrium and myosalpinx.

Calcium antagonists of the dihydropyridine type may prove to be an important adjunct to the therapy of premature labor due to their proven ability to inhibit uterine contractility. Specific binding sites for calcium blockers were concentrated in 45,000 X g membrane preparations of human myometrium and myosalpinx. Scatchard plot analysis of the binding of [3H] PN 200,110, a benzoxadiazole-substituted dihydropyridine derivate, revealed that the binding sites of myometrial membranes numbered between 500 and 700 fmoles/mg protein (Bmax) and had an affinity (KD) of 0.3 +/- 0.1 nmol/l. In myosalpingeal membrane preparations Bmax was between 250 and 300 fmoles/mg protein, with KD values of 0.9 +/- 0.1 nmol/l. Unlabelled calcium antagonists displaced [3H] PN 200,110 binding in the following order of potency ranking: nitrendipine greater than or equal to nifedipine greater than d-cis-diltiazem greater than D-600 greater than or equal to tiapamil. The calcium channels were especially dense (796 +/- 186 fmoles/mg protein) in the myometrium of the dorsal uterine wall. The number of binding sites in the myosalpinx was greatest in the isthmus (242 +/- 23 fmoles/mg protein).

Policy with respect to aliens and migration research in the Federal Republic of Germany, 1973-1983.

PIP: The development of policy concerning aliens in the Federal Republic of Germany is described for the period 1973 to 1983. Consideration is given to policy at both the federal and state levels and to policy differences among the main political parties. The author also describes current research on the migration of workers in Germany, including what policymakers hope to get from such research, the main problems in the areas on which research is focused, how researchers view the demand for and current state of research, and what has been the theoretical output from such research.^ieng