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2.
Phys Rev Lett ; 96(19): 199201; author reply 199202, 2006 May 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16803147
3.
Phys Rev Lett ; 94(21): 213401, 2005 Jun 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16090320

ABSTRACT

Chiral SU(3) effective field theory in combination with a relativistic coupled-channels approach is used to perform a novel analysis of the strong-interaction shift and width in kaonic hydrogen in view of the new accurate DEAR measurements. Questions of consistency with previous K(-)p data are examined. Coulomb and isospin breaking effects turn out to be important and are both taken into account in this work.

4.
Phys Rev Lett ; 90(9): 092501, 2003 Mar 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12689218

ABSTRACT

We present and discuss a systematic calculation, based on two-loop chiral perturbation theory, of the pion-nuclear s-wave optical potential. A proper treatment of the explicit energy dependence of the off-shell pion self-energy together with (electromagnetic) gauge invariance of the Klein-Gordon equation turns out to be crucial. Accurate data for the binding energies and widths of the 1s and 2p levels in pionic 205Pb and 207Pb are well reproduced without need for a notorious "missing repulsion" in the pion-nuclear s-wave optical potential. The connection with the in-medium change of the pion decay constant is clarified.

5.
Zentralbl Gynakol ; 124(8-9): 423-8, 2002.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12655472

ABSTRACT

Using the immunoperoxidase technique with monoclonal antibodies the ejaculates of 20 infertile and 15 fertile men were examined for lymphocyte subsets and activation markers to know more about the cellular mucosal immunity in the male genital tract. The results have shown that there are small differences of T-helper (CD4), T-suppressor (CD8), B- (CD19) and Natural Killer cells (CD57) between both groups. The number of monocytes (CD14), activated T- and B-cells and macrophages (CD25), the LCA-positive cells (CD45) and the HLA-DR-positive cells were remarkably increased in fertile patients. It has been established that the number of NK-cells (CD57) correlated with mycoplasma infection and the B-cells (CD19) correlated with the testosterone level. It seems that the increased testosterone value improved the cellular immunity. Infertile men have a disturbed mucosal immunity and a higher rate of genital infections.


Subject(s)
B-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Ejaculation/immunology , Fertility/immunology , Infertility, Male/immunology , Killer Cells, Natural/immunology , Antigens, CD/analysis , Biomarkers/analysis , HLA-DR Antigens/analysis , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Male , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
6.
Zentralbl Gynakol ; 123(9): 543-5, 2001 Sep.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11709749

ABSTRACT

The effect of hormone replacement therapy on cellular immunity of postmenopausal women was studied by flow cytometry (FACS). Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood before and after hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) were measured. After 6 months of HRT with the sequential combined drug Klimonorm(R) (2 mg estradiol valerate and 0,15 mg levonorgestrel) the cytotoxic T-cells (CD8) were reduced and the CD4/CD8 ratio was increased significantly (p < 0,05).


Subject(s)
Contraceptives, Oral, Sequential/immunology , Estradiol/analogs & derivatives , Estradiol/immunology , Estrogen Replacement Therapy/adverse effects , Levonorgestrel/immunology , Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects , Postmenopause/immunology , Adult , Aged , CD4-CD8 Ratio , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , Case-Control Studies , Contraceptives, Oral, Sequential/therapeutic use , Drug Combinations , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Estrogen Replacement Therapy/methods , Female , Follow-Up Studies , HLA-DR Antigens/drug effects , Humans , Levonorgestrel/therapeutic use , Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies
8.
Hum Exp Toxicol ; 20(1): 1-7, 2001 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11339618

ABSTRACT

Urine specimens were collected from 75 pregnant women before childbirth and from their newborns within 48 postnatal hours. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to determine urinary nicotine and its metabolites, cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (OH-cotinine) to objectivise prenatal smoke exposure. Using the sum of nicotine metabolites as a marker, 34 women were classed as not exposed to smoke ( < 15 nmol/l), 18 as passive smokers (15-400 nmol/l), and 23 as active smokers ( > 400 nmol/1). The newborns of active smokers exhibited significantly (P < 0.001) higher nicotine metabolite concentrations than did those of either non-exposed women or passive smokers. A close correlation was found to exist between maternal and neonatal nicotine and cotinine concentrations (r=0.8968 and r=0.9205, respectively). For OH-cotinine, this correlation was particularly close when maternal, but not neonatal, OH - cotinine was adjusted to creatinine (r=0.9792). The neonatal/maternal urine concentration ratios for cotinine and OH-cotinine were noted to not significantly depend on the time of postpartal urine collection. Within the first two postnatal days, the extent of current prenatal smoke exposure attributable to active smoking of the mother was best reflected by the urinary concentrations of cotinine plus OH-cotinine without adjustment to creatinine.


Subject(s)
Maternal-Fetal Exchange/physiology , Nicotine/urine , Nicotinic Agonists/urine , Smoking/metabolism , Adult , Cotinine/urine , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Tobacco Smoke Pollution
9.
Gynecol Obstet Invest ; 51(3): 211-3, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11306912

ABSTRACT

Carney complex is an extremely rare, autosomal dominant, multi-system disorder characterized by multiple neoplasias and lentiginosis. The genetic defect responsible for this complex has been localized to the short arm of chromosome 2 (2p16). The most prevalent clinical manifestations in patients with Carney complex are spotty skin pigmentation, skin and cardiac myxomas, Cushing's syndrome and acromegaly. Here we report the case of a 31-year-old woman with a spontaneous pregnancy. At 32 weeks of gestation, she was admitted to our Department of Obstetrics with hypertension and severe back pain. In addition, she had unusual pigmentation and typical cushingoid features. One day after admission, the pregnancy was terminated by emergency cesarian section because of preeclampsia and pathological CTG. During the postoperative period the severe back pain persisted, and radiographic evaluation revealed a collapse of L(2)/L(3) with severe osteopenia. A CT scan showed a mass in the right suprarenal area. Histopathological examination revealed a primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease. After biochemical confirmation of the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome, it was recognized that the patient met the diagnostic criteria for Carney complex.


Subject(s)
Lentigo/genetics , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/genetics , Pregnancy Complications , Acromegaly/complications , Acromegaly/genetics , Adrenal Cortex Diseases/pathology , Adrenal Cortex Diseases/surgery , Adrenal Glands/pathology , Adrenal Glands/surgery , Adult , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/complications , Cesarean Section , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 , Cushing Syndrome/complications , Cushing Syndrome/genetics , Female , Gestational Age , Heart Neoplasms/complications , Heart Neoplasms/genetics , Humans , Lentigo/complications , Lumbar Vertebrae , Mutation , Myxoma/complications , Myxoma/genetics , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/complications , Pre-Eclampsia/complications , Pregnancy , Skin Neoplasms/complications , Skin Neoplasms/genetics , Spinal Diseases/complications , Spinal Diseases/diagnosis
10.
Ophthalmologe ; 98(1): 81-5, 2001 Jan.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11220276

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Crystalline plaques in the cornea or the retinal nerve fiber layer are well-known side effects of tamoxifen therapy. We investigated whether electrophysiological methods for determining the function of the retinal nerve fiber layer and retinal pigment epithelium demonstrate changes in tamoxifen retinopathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We compared the right eyes of four women with breast cancer and mono- or bilateral tamoxifen retinopathy to ten right eyes of age-matched, eyehealthy patients who had not received tamoxifen by means of electrophysiological investigations (e.g., pattern-reversal electroretinography, flash electroretinography for the maximal combined response, electrooculography; ISCEV standard conditions). RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between patients with tamoxifen retinopathy and controls regarding mean visual acuity, basal level of the electro-oculographic standing potential, basal level on the Arden index, or any of the other electrophysiological potentials. CONCLUSIONS: Pattern-reversal electroretinographic measurements revealed no damage of retinal ganglion cells in the presence of crystalline plaques in the retinal nerve fiber layer. Electro-oculography did reveal differences, but these were not statistically significant, possibly due to the small number of cases.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Electroretinography/drug effects , Pigment Epithelium of Eye/drug effects , Retinal Diseases/chemically induced , Tamoxifen/adverse effects , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Ganglion Cells/drug effects , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use , Visual Acuity/drug effects
12.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol ; 204(2): 55-9, 2000.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10798265

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Starting in the middle of the 1980s, an increasing incidence of multiple pregnancies in Germany has been reported, with assisted reproduction mainly contributing to this increase. In the management of multiple pregnancies, the main focus is on optimising the obstetric care. The difficult socio-economic and psychosocial situation of parents of multiples, however, is often underestimated. METHODS: The present study examines the life situation of parents of twins and triplets using focus groups as a qualitative research method. Nineteen mothers and fathers of twins and triplets were interviewed in four focus groups. Main topics were the parental reaction to the diagnosis of multiple pregnancy, the first time at home with the multiples, special situations and wishes and ideas for a better care during multiple pregnancy. RESULTS: The diagnosis of multiple pregnancy was made at early gestational age, with the parental reactions being described between "happiness" and "shock". With this diagnosis, however, the future parents feel alone. Caring for the babies is leading to the limits of parent's ability to take stress. Marital problems and social isolation are discussed controversially. Exceptional situations such as illness of the mother require fast and un-bureaucratic solutions. CONCLUSIONS: The interviews suggest that special problems of multiple parenthood such as social isolation, marital and psychic problems are not necessarily related to higher order multiples or handicapped children. It appears to be essential to offer a more individual care for women expecting multiples, whereas the main resource for improving care is in providing contact and information possibilities.


Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Parents/psychology , Pregnancy, Multiple/psychology , Triplets/psychology , Twins/psychology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Focus Groups , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Marriage/psychology , Pregnancy , Quality of Life , Reproductive Techniques/psychology , Social Isolation
13.
BJOG ; 107(12): 1486-91, 2000 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11192104

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether umbilical and maternal leptin levels correlate with birthweight, placental weight, and maternal weight; and to detect membrane-bound leptin receptors in placental tissue as well as soluble leptin receptors in umbilical and maternal blood. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: University teaching hospital. METHODS: Serum levels of leptin and soluble leptin receptors were analysed in 31 randomly selected mother/newborn pairs at delivery. In addition, placental tissue was assayed for leptin receptors using immunocytochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: The mean [SD] leptin level in umbilical cord venous blood (7.1 ng/mL [4.0]) was significantly lower (P<0.001) than in maternal blood (22.5 ng/mL [10.8]). Umbilical cord leptin concentrations correlated significantly with birthweight (P<0.001), placental weight (P<0.005) but not with maternal leptin. Maternal leptin concentrations correlated only with maternal weight (P<0.001). In chorionic villous tissue, trophoblasts stained strongly positive for leptin receptor-like immunoreactivity. Two membrane-bound isoforms of the leptin receptor were also detected in placental tissue. In both umbilical and maternal serum, a soluble leptin receptor was found migrating as broad band at Mr 97,000 D. CONCLUSION: The present data strongly reinforce the idea that circulating leptin levels may provide a growth-promoting signal for fetal development during late pregnancy. While membrane-bound leptin receptors may be involved in autocrine regulation of placental leptin production, the soluble receptor form may serve as a transport vehicle for leptin to fetal tissues.


Subject(s)
Carrier Proteins/blood , Fetal Blood/chemistry , Leptin/blood , Placenta/chemistry , Receptors, Cell Surface , Adult , Birth Weight/physiology , Blotting, Western/methods , Body Weight/physiology , Embryonic and Fetal Development/physiology , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , Receptors, Leptin
14.
Zentralbl Gynakol ; 121(6): 274-80, 1999.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10399254

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to analyse the prognostic impact of several criteria for median survival and recurrence free interval in patients with uterine sarcomas. Factors included to our analysis were the staging according to FIGO, DNA content (ploidy), mitotic index, histology, the kind of primary therapy, grading and menopausal status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospectively, clinical data of 78 patients (41 leimyosarcomas, 23 carcinosarcomas = homologous malignant mixed Mullerian tumors, 14 endometrial stromal sarcomas--10 low grade, 4 high grade) were analysed. Additionally, in 36 of the cases mitoses were counted. Furthermore, DNA ploidy was determined using image cytometry on paraffine sections stained according to the Feulgen method. Receptor status was determined using immunohistochemical staining. Two and five year survival rates were 22% and 15%. There were 21 cases with local relapse and 27 cases with metastasis. RESULTS: The staging according to FIGO was the main prognostic factor, significantly influencing median survival time (p = 0.001) as well as the recurrence free interval (p = 0.03). There was a significant difference between median survival time compared to mitotic index (p = 0.014) and DNA ploidy (p = 0.02). A mitotic index < 10/10 HPF and diploidy were related with a better prognosis. Receptor status did not have an impact on median survival time. CONCLUSIONS: As our results suggest, DNA ploidy and mitotic index are likely to provide additional information for prognosis in patients with uterine sarcomas and could be used as criteria for selecting patients for adjuvant therapy.

15.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol ; 202(5): 197-202, 1998 Sep.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9857445

ABSTRACT

Between 09/01/92 and 08/31/95 the Mainz model to register birth defects had been tested in the city of Magdeburg at the same time when the regional register instituted in 1980 was continued. The aim of this hospital-based model for the thorough registry of malformations in neonates is to examine all newborns born in hospitals using clinical and sonographical methods by experienced physicians according to a standardized scheme. Additional medical and social data were recorded. Data on live-and stillborn as well as spontaneous abortions older than the 16th gestational week and induced abortions following prenatal diagnosis were included. During the survey 5255 neonates were examined. The calculated percentage of major birth defects (by definition) was 7.8% and therefore higher than reported before. The experience with the Mainz model in the city of Magdeburg demonstrates, that this model is basically applicable to other centres. It is possible to obtain valid data on malformation frequencies in a defined population. Special attention has to be paid to certain conditions in the composition of hospital populations.


Subject(s)
Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Neonatal Screening , Registries/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Female , Fetal Death/epidemiology , Germany/epidemiology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Mathematical Computing , Models, Statistical , Pregnancy
16.
Gesundheitswesen ; 60(10): 563-6, 1998 Oct.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9844290

ABSTRACT

The Magdeburg Register of birth defects includes information on the incidence rate of neural tube defects (NTD) in the city of Magdeburg since 1980, and in the Regierungsbezirk (administrational district) since 1987. The average prevalence of NTD was 16.4 per 10,000 births in the city of Magdeburg, and 12 per 10,000 births in the surrounding counties. Besides of this significant difference between the city and counties, there are conspicuous variations from one year to the next. In 1987 the prevalence of NTD was about 27 per 10,000 births in the city of Magdeburg whereas the observed prevalence in the countryside was about 19 per 10,000 births. Different eating habits and/or increased teratogenic influences in the city may be considered as causes. In 1997 there was also a high rate of incidence of NTD in the city of Magdeburg--16.4 per 10,000 births. The incidence rate of NTD in the counties (about 10 per 10,000) births) is again lower than in the city. Because of these incidence rates, we may assume that the examined population is insufficiently protected by folic acid in the preconceptional stage.


Subject(s)
Neural Tube Defects/epidemiology , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Causality , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Germany/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Infant, Newborn , Neural Tube Defects/etiology , Pregnancy
17.
Clin Cancer Res ; 4(9): 2047-52, 1998 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9748118

ABSTRACT

The long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide (SMS 201-995) inhibits growth of certain breast cancer cell lines in vivo and in vitro. Because the antiproliferative action of octreotide depends on at least the presence of somatostatin receptors, it is crucial to determine the pattern of somatostatin receptor protein expression on the tumor cells. In the present study, we have raised polyclonal antibodies to somatostatin receptor subtypes (ssts) sst1, sst2A, sst2B, and sst3 using peptides corresponding to their COOH-terminal sequences. These antisera were used for immunocytochemical staining of paraffin sections of 33 primary breast cancers. Somatostatin receptor-like immunoreactivity (Li) was predominantly localized to the plasma membrane of the tumor cells. In the vast majority of positively stained tumors, somatostatin receptor-Li was uniformly present on nearly all tumor cells. Both the level and the pattern of expression of ssts varied greatly between individual carcinomas. sst2A-Li and/or sst2B-Li was detectable in 28 tumors (85%); among these, 14 tumors (42%) showed particularly high levels of sst2-Li. sst1-Li was found in 17 (52%) cases and sst3-Li in 16 (48%) cases. The expression of ssts was independent of patient age, menopausal status, diagnosis, histological grade, and levels of estrogen and progesterone receptors. The immunocytochemical determination of somatostatin receptor status allows direct detection of receptor protein on the tumor cells and, hence, may provide more precise information than reverse transcription-PCR for predicting response to octreotide therapy in breast cancer.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Receptors, Somatostatin/classification , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Amino Acid Sequence , Antibodies/immunology , Antibody Specificity , Breast Neoplasms/chemistry , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , Paraffin Embedding , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Receptors, Somatostatin/immunology , Staining and Labeling/methods
18.
J Acoust Soc Am ; 104(1): 181-91, 1998 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9670522

ABSTRACT

The determination of the modulus of the pupil function in reflection acoustic and optical microscopy with the help of spherical particles is demonstrated. The theoretical examination shows that this method can give good results if the pupil function drops smoothly towards the edge. For a pupil with a sharp edge this technique can give the accurate pupil function only by imaging large spheres. The dependence of the accuracy of the method on the size of the spherical particle is analyzed. Numerical and experimental results obtained for the confocal scanning optical microscope and the scanning acoustic microscope are examined.


Subject(s)
Pupil/physiology , Acoustics , Humans , Microscopy, Atomic Force/methods , Models, Biological
19.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ; 56(2): 83-7, 1996 Feb.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8647364

ABSTRACT

The concentrations of various cytokines were examined by ELISA in blood and in ascites from 14 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (stage IV). The control group consisted of 6 patients with benign gynaecological disorders. Compared with patients with benign gynaecological disorders, ascites and/or plasma of patients with ovarian cancer showed significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and sIL-2R. There were no increases of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IFN-gamma, and sCD14 levels. The possible pathogenetic significance of cytokines in ovarian cancer is discussed.


Subject(s)
Ascitic Fluid/immunology , Cytokines/blood , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Reference Values
20.
Zentralbl Gynakol ; 118(8): 458-61, 1996.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8967267

ABSTRACT

86 patients with cervical neoplasia were treated by conization. The KTP/532-laser was used in 52 cases (group 1) and the conization was performed with a carbon dioxide laser in 34 other cases (group 2). The operation took approximately 30.5 min in the KTP group and 13.5 min in the carbon dioxide group. Complications occurred in 2 cases of the KTP-laser treated patients. In group 2 no complication were observed. The time of hospitalisation was 5 days. The thermal damage of the cut-edge came up to 1 mm (group 1) and 0.1 mm (group 2), respectively. In 4 cases the histological examination was negatively effected by the heat of the KTP laser. In group 2 no affects were observed. The advantage of the KTP-laser is its styptic effect whereas the CO2-laser is better for an histological examination.


Subject(s)
Conization/instrumentation , Laser Therapy/instrumentation , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Aged , Cervix Uteri/pathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Necrosis , Postoperative Complications/pathology , Treatment Outcome , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Wound Healing/physiology
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