ABSTRACT
Three morphologically distinct kinds of cytoplasmic inclusion (lamellar, reticular and crystalloid) developed in the retinal cells of suckling rats treated with Pexid (300 mg/kg/day). Lamellar inclusions were most abundant and they were seen in all types of retinal cells. This variety of inclusion was especially numerous in the ganglion cells. Reticular inclusions were encountered less commonly than the lamellar type and their distribution did not show any particular cellular predilection. Crystalloid inclusions were observed only in the pigment epithelial cells. The mechanism of formation of the three types of inclusion is not known, nor is the reason why certain types of inclusion occur most commonly in a particular kind of cell. One can speculate, however, that the dissimilarity of form may reflect differences in the metabolism and physiochemical properties of the various retinal cells.
Subject(s)
Perhexiline/pharmacology , Piperidines/pharmacology , Retina/drug effects , Animals , Inclusion Bodies/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Neurons/ultrastructure , Pigment Epithelium of Eye/ultrastructure , Rats , Retina/ultrastructureABSTRACT
A therapeutic trial with chlorpromazine was conducted with a homogeneous (for age and sex) group of recently admitted schizophrenic patients. Extrapyramidal effects were measured through quantitative analysis of digital tremor, after four days of fixed-dose treatment. Assessment of treatment efficacy was based on Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ratings, done at the end of four weeks' treatment. Those patients whose tremor was least affected by drug were most likely to benefit from the treatment. Implications of this negative correlation for our understanding of the neuroleptic hypothesis and the closely associated dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia are discussed.
Subject(s)
Basal Ganglia Diseases/chemically induced , Chlorpromazine/therapeutic use , Models, Neurological , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Chlorpromazine/adverse effects , Clinical Trials as Topic , Female , Humans , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Tremor/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The authors compared platelet monoamine oxidase activity in drug-free chronic and acute schizophrenic patients, medicated chronic schizophrenic patients, and normal controls. A significant decrement in MAO activity was found only in medicated chronic schizophrenic patients. The possible mechanism for this finding is discussed.
