Impact of orthognathic surgery on quality of life of patients with dentofacial deformity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of orthognathic surgery on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with dentofacial deformity. This systematic review was performed through the survey of observational studies that had evaluated the impact of orthognathic surgery on the QoL of patients with dentofacial deformity. The article databases included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Cochrane Library, and grey literature. The risk of bias was analysed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality assessment. The meta-analysis was performed considering the exposure before and after orthognathic surgery using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) versus the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). A total of 2,263 articles were identified. Twelve studies remained in the qualitative synthesis and seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The impact of QoL both preoperatively and postoperatively with the OHIP-14 questionnaire was 7.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.62 to 13.65; p = 0.01) and the OQLQ questionnaire was 20.53 (95% CI = 14.27 to 26.79; p < 0.0001). Overall impact of QoL was 16.01 (95% CI = 10.50 to 21.52; p < 0.0001), which showed that orthognathic surgery has an influence on the QoL. Orthognathic surgery generates positive impact on the QoL of patients with dentofacial deformity.

Multiocular cystic renal cell carcinoma: implications for nephron sparing surgery.

Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) is an uncommon type of cystic renal neoplasm with characteristic histologic findings and a good prognosis. Three cases are reported. One case involves enucleation of an MCRCC in a kidney donor with a 10-year follow-up and no recurrence in the transplant recipient. Nephron sparing surgery should be considered when the diagnosis of MCRCC is suspected preoperatively and confirmed intraoperatively.

Pulmonary assessment of children after chlamydial pneumonia of infancy.

We evaluated the pulmonary status of 18 children 7 to 8 years after their hospitalization for chlamydial pneumonia of infancy. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and respiratory questionnaire results in this group were compared with those in a control group of 19 comparable children from the same community, and with values that other investigators have reported for normal children. Significant limitations of expiratory airflow were found (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, and FEF 25%-75%), as well as signs of abnormally elevated volumes of trapped air (FRC and RV/TLC ratios). These obstructive patterns were responsive to inhalation of isoproterenol. Moreover, a significantly greater number of patients had physician-diagnosed asthma than in the control group. The obstructive PFT abnormalities could not be accounted for by recognized risk factors, such as exposure to smoking at home or family history of atopy. Our results show that chlamydial pneumonia of infancy is associated with PFT abnormalities and respiratory symptoms 7 to 8 years after recovery from the acute illness.

Response of total and individual serum bile acids to endogenous and exogenous bile acid input to the enterohepatic circulation.

The response of total nonsulfated serum bile acids, cholylglycine, and chenodeoxycholyl species was examined every 20 min for 3 h in 6 subjects. Noncaloric feeding led to a progressive decline or no change in bile acids, while there was a progressive rise in response to a standard liquid meal. After reaching a peak at 60 min, total bile acids declined progressively but cholylglycine and chenodeoxycholyl species remained elevated. Continuous infusion of cholecystokinin led to significantly greater levels most probably due to more rapid enterohepatic recirculation. Oral administration of 250 mg of chenodeoxycholic acid with water resulted in a rise in total bile acids and chenodeoxycholyl species, but not cholylglycine, indicating the rise was due to the administered bile acid and not gallbladder contraction. Administration of a meal and chenodeoxycholic acid simultaneously caused no greater rise of total serum bile acids or cholylglycine than either stimulus alone. Peak response and area under the curve were compared for each patient. The increase for chenodeoxycholyl species was additive for the two stimuli, suggesting that free chenodeoxycholic acid, when administered with a meal, decreased the absorption of endogenous conjugated bile acids. This study is compatible with the thesis that serum bile acids accurately reflect enterohepatic cycling and that administration of chenodeoxycholic acid with a meal may decrease its efficacy because exogenous chenodeoxycholic acid may compete with endogenous bile acids for absorption.

Inflammatory reaction and airway damage in cystic fibrosis.

In cystic fibrosis there is chronic infection and inflammatory reaction in the airways, accompanied by destruction and shedding of airway epithelium. Leukocytes migrate into the airways and some disintegrate, liberating deoxyribonucleoprotein that is incorporated into the gel structure of the bronchial mucus. We compared the status of these processes in cystic fibrosis with that in chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis, by examining the sputum raised from the lower airways. Measurements also were made on sputum induced in normal subjects. The results indicate that migration of leukocytes into the airways and shedding of damaged airway epithelium were minimal in the normal subjects; they were significant in the patients with chronic bronchitis, higher in those with bronchiectasis, and still higher in those with cystic fibrosis. The large increases found in the total content of DNA and solids in the cystic fibrosis sputum were due to increases in the insoluble fraction containing the whole leukocytes and particulate debris that remained when the sputum mucus gel was solubilized with mercaptoethanol. Despite the large increases in the total content of DNA and solids, the contents of mucus gel components and of deoxyribonucleoprotein from disintegrated leukocytes actually present in the mucus gel structure of the cystic fibrosis sputum were not significantly higher than in the sputum from the patients with chronic bronchitis or brochiectasis.

Potential anticancer agents II: antitumor and cytotoxic lignans from Linum album (Linaceae).

A phytochemical study of Linum album (Linaceae), guided by bioassay with the 9KB cell culture, resulted in the isolation of podophyllotoxin and a new lignan, 3'-demethylpodophyllotoxin; alpha-and beta-peltatins were identified by comparative TLC.