Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Imitative Behavior , Social Behavior , Child , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The present study assesses whether ratings on the Conners Teacher Questionnaire, Hyperactivity Factor, corresponded to observed behavioral and attitudinal differences in hyperactive and nonhyperactive males. Boys in the present study were rated on the questionnaire and then observed in a free-play situation. The boys' scores on the Teacher Questionnaire were later compared with their activity level, judgments about their behavior, and interview questions about their experience in the study. Several of these measures were found to correlate significantly with the Teacher Questionnaire scores, suggesting that it successfully taps observable dimensions of hyperactivity in novel situations.
Subject(s)
Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Hyperkinesis/psychology , Psychological Tests , Teaching , Child , Humans , Hyperkinesis/diagnosis , MaleABSTRACT
The present study was an initial attempt at understanding gender constancy in retarded children. Stories about retarded or nonretarded boys or girls were given to teachers and caretakers of retarded children and teachers of nonretarded children. The stories described children in four sex-stereotyped activities. Respondents rated each child in the stories on scales of typicality and acceptability. Results indicated that, while nonretarded children were rated as typical when engaging in sex-appropriate, desirable play activities, retarded children were rated as typical when engaging in undesirable activities, regardless of sex appropriateness. Different professional groups appeared to use different criteria when judging the children in the stories.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Child Behavior , Gender Identity , Identification, Psychological , Intellectual Disability , Adult , Aggression , Attitude of Health Personnel , Dependency, Psychological , Humans , Play and Playthings , Social Desirability , Social Perception , TeachingABSTRACT
The present study attempted to determine whether age and sex of a film model would differentially affect fear reduction in the viewing children. The experiment also tested the reactions of Ss to films using real feared objects versus films of simulated objects. Twenty-five fourth- and fifth-grade males who were fearful of snakes were shown a treatment film for a total of 10 minutes. Pretreatment and posttreatment tests included asking Ss to approach and handle a live 4-ft. boa constrictor. Results indicated that models' age and sex characteristics did not influence their effectiveness as behavior-change agents. It was found that the use of the real feared object in the treatment film was a more effective fear reducer than was a replica of the object.
