Assessment of health needs, satisfaction with care, and quality of life in compulsorily admitted patients with severe mental disorders.

This cross-sectional study compared the levels of needs, care satisfaction, quality of life, and social support of compulsory admitted patients with severe mental disorders to a comparable group of voluntary admitted patients. One hundred and twenty-five patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder were admitted to a hospital by district psychiatrist order (DPO), court observation order (COO), or voluntary (VA). Participants were assessed before discharge using questionnaires, and psychiatric rating scales. A linear discriminant analysis revealed eight variables that best differentiated the three groups. COO patients were significantly discriminated from the two other groups (DPO and VA) by severe negative symptoms, better satisfaction with both nursing staff and family support. COO subjects had more non-illness unmet needs, while reported better hedonic capacity for social and interpersonal pleasure - compared to VA patients. DPO patients were significantly indicated by poorer awareness to illness, but better satisfaction with subjective feelings. VA subjects were significantly discriminated from compulsory admitted patients by higher illness severity scores. Assessment of unmet needs, satisfaction with care, quality of life, hedonic capacity, and social support constitute the factors that differentiate compulsory admitted patients and could be targets for interventions aimed to reduce the negative effects of compulsory admissions.

The effect of reboxetine co-administration with olanzapine on metabolic and endocrine profile in schizophrenia patients.

RATIONALE: We previously demonstrated that the addition of the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine attenuates olanzapine-induced weight gain. Using the same study sample, we also sought to determine whether reboxetine's weight-attenuating effect was accompanied by a beneficial effect on metabolic and endocrine parameters relevant to antipsychotic-induced weight gain and obesity. METHOD: Blood samples at baseline and at the end of the 6-week trial were available for 54 participants who participated in previous double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of reboxetine (4 mg BID) addition to olanzapine-treated schizophrenia patients. Fasting glucose, lipid profile, insulin, leptin, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed. RESULTS: In contrast to the olanzapine/placebo group, the olanzapine/reboxetine group exhibited a reduction in blood triglyceride (p < 0.05) and leptin (p < 0.05) levels, and elevation in cortisol (p < 0.05) and DHEA (p < 0.008) levels. No significant between-group differences were detected in the changes in cholesterol, glucose, insulin, TSH, and prolactin. CONCLUSIONS: Reboxetine addition resulted in meaningful improvement of some metabolic and endocrine measures associated with olanzapine-induced weight gain. The potential role of reboxetine in the prevention of olanzapine-induced weight gain and cardio-metabolic morbidity merits further large-scale, long-term investigation.

Relationship between ICD-10 psychosocial categories and psychiatric diagnosis in Israeli adolescents.

AIM: The study examined the relationship between psychosocial categories obtained by WHO-developed semistructured interviews (ICD-10 Axis V) and clinical Axis I psychiatric diagnoses in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. METHODS: The sample included 71 consecutive patients admitted to an adolescent unit and their mothers. Mothers completed a semi-structured interview derived from the criteria for each psychosocial category (Axis V), and the adolescents were diagnosed by experienced psychiatrists using the Schedule for Affective Disorders for School Age Children (K-SADS-P). RESULTS: Anorexia nervosa and conduct disorder were associated with a psychosocial category of 'abnormal qualities of upbringing,' and conduct disorder and schizophrenia were associated with a psychosocial category of 'events brought about by the child's own behavior.' CONCLUSIONS: The systematic assessment of psychosocial categories add specific information to the validity of the Axis I diagnosis.