Fucoidan promotes angiogenesis and accelerates wound healing through AKT/Nrf2/HIF-1α signalling pathway.

After skin injury, wound repair involves a complex process in which angiogenesis plays a crucial role. Previous research has indicated that fucoidan may aid in wound healing; we therefore hypothesised that fucoidan may speed up the process by promoting angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the potential molecular mechanism underlying fucoidan's ability to accelerate wound healing by promoting angiogenesis. Using a full-cut wound model, we observed that fucoidan significantly intensified wound closure and promoted granulation formation and collagen deposition. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that fucoidan also promoted wound angiogenesis, specifically by accelerating the migration of new blood vessels to the middle area of the wound. Furthermore, fucoidan demonstrated the ability to enhance the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) damaged by hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and to improve the formation of endothelial tubes. Mechanistic studies revealed that fucoidan upregulated the protein levels of the AKT/Nrf2/HIF-1α signalling pathway, which plays a crucial role in angiogenesis. This was further confirmed using the inhibitor LY294002, which reversed the promotion of endothelial tube formation by fucoidan. Overall, our findings suggest that fucoidan can promote angiogenesis via the AKT/Nrf2/HIF-1α signalling pathway and accelerate wound healing.

Probiotics supplement in children with severe hand, foot, and mouth disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

BACKGROUND: Severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is an acute infectious disease caused by infection with serotypes of Enterovirus A, most commonly by enterovirus A71 and coxsackievirus A16. Clinical symptoms usually include fever, malaise, rashes on hands and feet, and oral vesicles. Of note, severe and even life-threatening complications can develop rapidly in young children, such as acute pulmonary edema, cardiopulmonary failure, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis. Probiotics supplement have been demonstrated play a positive role as a therapeutic approaches for modulation of gut microbiota. This study aims to systematically investigate the efficacy and safety of probiotics for children with severe HFMD. METHODS: All randomized controlled trials related to probiotics and severe HFMD will be searched in 9 electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalTrails, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Sino Med, ScienceDirect, VIP, and Wanfang Data databases) from their inception to November 2019. The primary outcome is total effective rate, fever clearance time, rash regression time, remission time of neurological symptoms, and clinical cure time. Two researchers will perform the study selection, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias independently. RevMan software (version 5.3) will be used for data synthesis. RESULTS: The findings of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSION: The study will provide evidence to judge whether probiotics is an effective therapeutic intervention for severe HFMD. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42019152946.

Skeletal muscle proteome analysis provides insights on high altitude adaptation of yaks.

The differences in proteome profile of longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles of yak (Bos grunniens) and cattle (Bos taurus) were investigated employing isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) approach to identify differentially expressed proteins and to understand the cellular level adaptations of yaks to high altitudes. Fifty-two proteins were differentially expressed in the two species, among which 20 were up-regulated and 32 were down-regulated in yaks. Gene ontology (GO) annotation revealed that most of the differentially expressed proteins were involved in the molecular function of protein binding, catalytic activity, and structural activity. Protein-protein interaction analysis recognized 24 proteins (involved in structural integrity, calcium ion regulation, and energy metabolism), as key nodes in biological interaction networks. These findings indicated that mammals living at high altitudes could possibly generate energy by pronounced protein catabolism and glycolysis compared with those living in the plains. The key differentially expressed proteins included calsequestrin 1, prostaglandin reductase 1 and ATP synthase subunit O, which were possibly associated with the cellular and biochemical adaptation of yaks to high altitude. These key proteins may be exploited as candidate proteins for mammalian adaptation to high altitudes.

Effect of microecological preparation supplementation on woman with polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta-analysis protocol.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. PCOS not only affects female fertility, but is also associated with a variety of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Microecological preparations include probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, and a number of studies have shown its advantages in reducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with PCOS, however, no meta-analysis has been performed to confirm that. Herein, we describe the protocol of a proposed study based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines that aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of microecological preparation supplementation in woman with PCOS. METHODS: Two researchers will search 9 electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalTrails, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Sino Med, ScienceDirect, VIP, and Wanfang Data databases) to identify all studies that meet the inclusion criteria and were published before November 1, 2018. After information extraction and methodological quality evaluation, we will use RevMan software (version 5.3) to synthesize the data. The primary outcomes will be fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c). RESULTS: This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of existing evidence on the effect and safety of microecological preparation supplementation on reducing cardiovascular risk of woman with PCOS. CONCLUSION: This study will determine if microecological preparation supplementation is an effective and safe intervention on reducing cardiovascular risk of woman with PCOS. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018108403).

Fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A meta-analysis protocol.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disease characterized by chronic or recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea. Many patients with IBS have a poor quality of life due to abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, constipation, and the presence of other diseases. At present, intestinal motility inhibitors, adsorbents, astringents, intestinal mucosal protective agents, and antidepressants have been combined to treat IBS, but the treatment process is long, which results in a large economic burden to patients. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a treatment involving the transplantation of functional bacteria from healthy human feces into the gastrointestinal tract of patients; thus, replacing the intestinal flora and modulating intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. In recent years, the efficacy and economic benefits of FMT in the treatment of IBS have received increasing attention from researchers.A search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on treating IBS with FMT will be performed using 9 databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalTrails, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Sino Med, ScienceDirect, VIP, and Wanfang Data. Two reviewers will independently screen data extraction studies and assess study quality and risk of bias. The risk of bias for each RCT will be assessed against the Cochrane Handbook standards to assess methodological quality. RevMan V.5.3 software will be used to calculate data synthesis when meta-analysis is allowed.This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of FMT in the treatment of IBS.This study will determine if FMT is an effective and safe intervention for IBS.PROSPERO registration number is PROSPERO CRD42018108080.

Chinese ethnic meat products: Continuity and development.

With their distinctive sensory characterizations and unique processing technologies, Chinese ethnic meat products possess great potential for development and continuity in modern China's meat industry. Due to the greater demand for meat products and higher quality and safety concerns in economically fast growing China, the development and continuity of ethnic meat products face its own unique challenges. In this review, the classification of typical ethnic products and their characteristics, and the research progress on their quality and processing technologies are discussed. The application of innovative and green technologies to improve the safety and quality of ethnic meat products for greater industrialization and sustainable development is highlighted. Furthermore, the strategy for promoting the production of Chinese ethnic meat products during the next five years is presented.

Radiation-Resistant Micrococcus luteus SC1204 and Its Proteomics Change Upon Gamma Irradiation.

To explore the radiation-resistance mechanisms in bacteria, a radiation-resistant strain SC1204 was isolated from the surrounding area of a (60)Co-γ radiation facility. SC1204 could survive up to 8 kGy dose of gamma irradiation and was identified as Micrococcus luteus by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Its proteomic changes under 2-kGy irradiation were examined by two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS analysis. The results showed that at least 24 proteins displayed significant changes (p < 0.05) at expression level under the radiation stress, among which 22 were successfully identified and classified into the major functional categories of metabolism, energy production and conservation, translation, ribosomal structure, and biogenesis. Among these proteins, leucyl aminopeptidase involved in synthesis of glutathione was the most abundant induced protein during postirradiation recovery, indicating that anti-oxidation protection was the most important line of defense in SC1204 against radiation. The next abundant protein was phosphoribosyl aminoimidazole carboxamide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (AICAR Tfase/IMPCH), the key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of purine that is anti-radiation compound. Other proteins changing significantly (p < 0.05) after radiation exposure included urocanate hydratase, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit alpha, phosphoglycerate kinase, cell division protein FtsZ, elongation factor Ts and Tu, translation elongation factor Tu and G, 30S ribosomal protein S1, histidyl-tRNA synthetase, and arginyl-tRNA synthetase, which were considered to be the key proteins in urocanate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, cell division process, and synthesis process of proteins. Therefore, these proteins may also play important roles in radiation resistance in M. luteus.

Post-mortem oxidative stability of three yak (Bos grunniens) muscles as influenced by animal age.

The influence of animal age and muscle source on the oxidative stability of yak steaks was examined. Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles from yaks of different age groups (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 years), and three muscle sources of LT, Psoas major (PM), and Biceps femoris (BF) from yaks of 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 years, were evaluated for metmyoglobin content, activity of antioxidant enzymes, and antioxidant capacity. Oxidative stability was influenced (P<0.05) by muscle source and animal age. LT steaks from 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 year old yaks exhibited lower (P<0.05) metmyoglobin content than their PM and BF counterparts. Furthermore, LT steaks from 3.5 year old yaks demonstrated lower (P<0.05) metmyoglobin content and greater (P<0.05) activities of antioxidant enzymes than LT steaks from other age groups. These results indicated the necessity to develop muscle- and age-specific processing strategies to improve color and oxidative stability of yak meat.

[Analysis on the finalized date and first carving time of Wei sheng bao jian (The Precious Mirror of Hygiene)].

The Wei sheng bao jian (The Precious Mirror of Hygiene), written by Luo Tianyi should be finished in the spring of 1283. The wrong date of 1281 was a mistake coming from Yanjian's Preface, while the complete date of 1343 was a misunderstanding on "Guiwei year of the Zhiyuan reign" in Wangyun's Preface. The hypothesis that Wei sheng bao jian was first carved in 1294 or before the Tang ye ben cao (Materia Medica for Decoctions) is also groundless. The book was probably completed, carved and distributed in the same year, or no later than 1307, even if it was not carved in the same year right after its completion.