ABSTRACT
Femoral gland secretions were collected from 21 captive adult male green iguanas (Iguana iguana) in Orotina, Costa Rica, and San Diego, California, during the breeding (November) and nonbreeding (March) seasons. Lipids were extracted with methylene chloride, weighed, separated by thin-layer chromatography, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Free and esterified C14-C26 fatty acids, 5ß-cholestan-3α-ol (epico-prostanol), cholest-5-en-3ß-ol (cholesterol), cholest-5-en-24-methyl-3ß-ol (campesterol), cholesta-5,22-dien-24b-ethyl-3ß-ol (stigmasterol), cholesta-8,24(5α)-dien-4,4,14α-trimethyl-3ß-ol (lanosterol), cholest-5-en-24-ethyl-3ß-ol (ß-sitosterol), and two uncharacterized sterols were indicated. More lipids were recovered from femoral gland secretions obtained during the breeding than the nonbreeding months, indicating that secretion deposits may be more detectable during the mating season.
ABSTRACT
The insertion of oesphagogastric tubes in the palliative treatment of carcinomatous obstruction of the oesophagus is well established. Complications of this procedure are not uncommon whether the tubes are inserted via a gastrotomy or endoscopically. As the aim of insertion is to palliate the patient's condition the prompt recognition of complications is essential. The two most commonly used tubes are described and the complications associated with their use illustrated and discussed. The important role of the radiologist in the initial assessment of the oesophagus (prior to tube insertion) and in the prompt diagnosis of post-insertion complication is stressed.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Esophageal Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Esophagus , Intubation/instrumentation , Esophageal Neoplasms/complications , Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Esophageal Stenosis/etiology , Esophageal Stenosis/therapy , Esophagus/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Intubation/adverse effects , RadiographyABSTRACT
A field study of Tropidurus delanonis was carried out on an uninhabited island (Hood) of the Galapagos Archipelago over 18 months. The purpose of the study is to show the interrelation between social structure, behaviour and ecological aspects of the iguanid lizard Tropidurus delanonis. Five lizard categories are distinguished and the interrelation between colouration type and behaviour is shown. Data are given on population structure, composition and flexibility, reproductive cycle, clutch size, ontogeny and changes in colouration and behaviour. Detailed maps show the distribution of female and male territories and the area occupied by those male male that attempt to acquire a territory. The biomass is calculated for all categories in resect to total area available and to favorable and unfavorable areas within the observation area. The significance of various colouration types was tested experimentally.