ABSTRACT
In copper(I)/phosphoramidite-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-additions of dialkylzinc, N-sulfonyl imines are more reactive and furnish higher enantiomeric excesses than the respective cycloalk-2-enones. This enables formation of a quaternary stereocenter as well as a cis-selective addition to an imine derived from 5-methylcyclohex-2-enone. The 1,4-adducts can be transformed in stereodivergent reductions yielding cis- or trans-3-alkylcycloalkyl amides.
ABSTRACT
Rhodium(I)/Binap complexes catalyze highly enantioselective additions of methyl- and arylaluminum reagents to cyclic α,ß-unsaturated N-tosyl ketimines. Depending on the solvent and substituents at the ring, the reaction occurs either in a 1,2-manner to deliver α-tertiary allylic amines or in a 1,4-manner to yield, after subsequent reduction, 3-substituted cycloalkyl amines. Well known in the case of the respective cycloalkenones, these first transformations of the aza-analogues enable the synthesis of amine structures of pharmaceutical and biochemical interest.
Subject(s)
Aluminum/chemistry , Coordination Complexes/chemistry , Imines/chemistry , Indicators and Reagents/chemistry , Naphthalenes/chemistry , Nitriles/chemistry , Rhodium/chemistry , Catalysis , Molecular Structure , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
(R)-Sarkomycin was prepared using a five-step total synthesis. Key steps in the enantioselective construction of the targeted scaffold were a rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate alkenyl addition with subsequent silyl trapping and a Mukaiyama aldol reaction with aqueous formaldehyde. Protection of the hydroxy group as a THP acetal and oxidative cleavage of the C,C-double bond provided a stable direct precursor to the natural product. The final liberation was carried out under slightly acidic conditions in a microwave-assisted reaction, resulting in a high yield of the "deceptive" sarkomycin. This represents the shortest enantioselective synthesis of this rather unstable compound to date and the first to employ asymmetric catalysis to introduce the stereogenic center.
