ABSTRACT
We describe a vertically scanning infrared radiometer for measuring the air-sea temperature difference without disturbing the water skin layer. The radiometer operates with a single wavelength channel that is 1.1 mum wide, centered on 14.2 mum, on the short-wavelength edge of a CO(2) atmospheric absorption band. The resulting high atmospheric absorption enables calibration of the horizontal-viewing signal with an in situ air-temperature sensor. The signal at all other scan angles is measured relative to that at the horizontal, providing a differential air-sea temperature measurement that is nearly independent of calibration offsets that can be a problem with independent air- and water-temperature sensors. We show data measured on a ship in the Tropical Western Pacific Ocean during July 1999, which exhibit important discrepancies from in situ data using bulk air-and water-temperature sensors. These discrepancies illustrate important differences between bulk versus skin water temperature.
ABSTRACT
The inversion technique of Backus and Gilbert is applied to the determination of size distributions of spherical particles from optical scattering measurements. The spatial resolution inherent in a set of multiwavelength measurements is studied as a function of number of measurements, measurement noise level, and radius. The inversion technique is then applied to computer simulated intensity data to recover size distributions. These examples indicate that the distribution can be recovered at selected points without using a priori assumptions about the shape of the distribution.
