ABSTRACT
We used a recombinant yeast estrogen assay to assess the activity of 73 phenolic additives that are used as sunscreens, preservatives, disinfectants, antioxidants, flavorings, or for perfumery. Thirty-two of these compounds displayed activity: 22 with potencies relative to 17beta-estradiol, ranging from 1/3,000 to < 1/3,000,000, and 10 compounds with an impaired response that could not be directly compared with 17beta-estradiol. Forty-one compounds were inactive. The major criteria for activity appear to be the presence of an unhindered phenolic OH group in a para position and a molecular weight of 140-250 Da.
Subject(s)
Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Phenols/pharmacology , Yeasts/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , In Vitro TechniquesABSTRACT
A variety of high-performance liquid chromatography packing materials were prepared and their chromatographic properties compared for separating several basic drugs using a single solvent system. The three most promising packing materials (silica, a mercapto propyl modified silica and a n-propyl sulphonic acid modification) were subsequently used to provide retention volume data for a large number of drugs.
Subject(s)
Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Methanol , Solvents , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A method for introducing sulphonic acid groups on to a microparticulate silica is described. This involves formation of a mercaptopropyl bonded phase followed by oxidation to the corresponding sulphonic acid. The packing material so prepared displays cation-exchange properties and has been used to separate phenothiazines.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/isolation & purification , Cation Exchange Resins , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Phenothiazines , Structure-Activity RelationshipSubject(s)
Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis , Alkaloids/analysis , Amines/analysis , Analgesics/analysis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis , Antidepressive Agents/analysis , Body Fluids/analysis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Hallucinogens/analysis , Nitrogen/analysis , Oxygen/analysis , Prostaglandins/analysis , Steroids/analysis , Sulfur/analysis , Vitamins/analysisABSTRACT
This paper reviews the applications of high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to forensic problems, and discusses some of the developments that have taken place in the use of the technique in the Metropolitan Police Laboratory. Preparation of octadecyltrichlorosilane-modified silica is described and some of the chromatographic characteristics of this material are investigated. Applications of HPLC to the analysis of cannabis, opium alkaloids, amphetamine-related materials, LSD and polynuclear hydrocarbons are described.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Forensic Medicine , Alkaloids/analysis , Amphetamines/analysis , Benzazepines/analysis , Cannabis/analysis , Cocaine/analysis , Heroin/analysis , Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/analysis , Opium/analysis , Phthalic Acids/analysis , Polycyclic Compounds/analysis , Silicon Dioxide , Solvents , Trace Elements/analysisABSTRACT
The use of emission spectrography for the analysis of small glass fragments (approximately 1 mg) is described. Levels of Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, Mg and Mn have been determined in approximately 200 samples, and with the exception of Ca their variation appears to be of value in the classification and/or discrimination of glass. The precision of the method has been studied and its accuracy determined by the analysis of standard glasses prepared in the laboratory.
