Challenges, success factors and pitfalls: implementation of distributed medical education.

OBJECTIVES: There are only a few descriptive reports on the implementation of distributed medical education (DME) and these provide accounts of successful implementation from the senior leadership perspective. In Saskatchewan, over a period of 4 years (2010-2014), four family medicine residency sites were established and two additional sites could not be developed. The aim of this study was to identify challenges, success factors and pitfalls in DME implementation based upon experiences of multiple stakeholders with both successful and unsuccessful outcomes. METHODS: Data were obtained through document analysis (n = 64, spanning 2009-2016; perspectives of government, senior leadership, management and learners), focus groups of management and operations personnel (n = 10) and interviews of senior leaders (n = 4). Challenges and success factors were ascertained through categorisation. Iterative coding guided by three sensitising frameworks was used to determine themes in organisational dynamics. RESULTS: Both challenges and success factors included contextual variables, governance, inter- and intra-organisational relationships (most common success factor), resources (most common challenge), the learning environment and pedagogy. Management and operations were only a challenge. Organisational themes affecting the outcome and the pitfalls included the pace of development across multiple sites, collaborative governance, continuity in senior leadership, operations alignment and reconciliation of competing goals. CONCLUSIONS: Emerging opportunities for DME can be leveraged through collaborative governance, aligned operations and resolution of competing goals, even in constrained contexts, to translate political will into success; however, there are pitfalls that need to be avoided. Our findings based upon multi-stakeholder perspectives add to the body of knowledge on deployment, carefully considering the conditions for success and associated pitfalls.

Student evaluations of an interprofessional education experience in pain management.

Interprofessional education (IPE) is vital to healthcare professionals and is especially relevant in the context of pain management. Despite its importance, it is often difficult to provide given limited time and resources and challenges with coordinating schedules across professions. This study explored satisfaction with a one-day IPE workshop on pain management. Seventy-three students from seven professions completed a questionnaire evaluating the workshop. Results suggested that students rated all aspects of the workshop highly, but particularly valued hearing client's experiences with pain. Furthermore, students perceived that their knowledge of pain and interprofessional relationships improved following the workshop. Differences emerged between professions, with students classified as psychosocial reporting greater satisfaction with the IPE than students from biomedical professions. This study supports research previously conducted on IPE in pain management and suggests that when time and resources are constrained, there is value in offering a brief IPE workshop on pain management.

Is There a Need for Men's Health Training for Family Physicians in Canada?

Objective. The goal of this study was to explore which topics were rendered important to incorporate into a men's health curriculum for family medicine resident training. Design. A mixed-methodology was used. A case study method with a sequential transformative strategy was utilized. A quantitative survey was sent to the 17 program directors of Canadian family medicine training programs. This was followed by a qualitative phase with interviews of selected program directors and two focus groups with practicing family physicians from a rural and an urban clinic. Main Findings. Certain issues were identified for incorporation into a men's health curriculum for family medicine resident training. These issues were grouped in three groups: male sexual and reproductive health, general topics, and procedures specific to men's health. Conclusion. It appears that there is no formal curriculum to address any of these issues in any of the current family medicine training programs in Canada. Based on the information gathered from participants in this study, there is a great need for such a curriculum to exist.

Extreme makeover: can we achieve rapid improvement in Canada's healthcare system?

Building upon some key discussion points in the Brown et al. paper, we explore the key elements driving performance measurement and quality improvement strategies in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system in the United States and the national primary-care trusts in England, both of which offer important insights into understanding the factors that affect rapid, large-scale change. In the context of these "extreme makeover" examples, our commentary discusses the currently evolving performance measurement culture in the Canadian primary healthcare reform setting. We specifically highlight the experiences in Saskatchewan, a province that has been acknowledged recently by CIHI as a leader in primary healthcare evaluation. Although Saskatchewan has attempted to overcome the methodological and conceptual challenges in evaluation that Brown et al. outline in their paper, a stable performance measurement culture has yet to emerge and systematically utilize performance measurement reports for purposes of facilitating change. Although there is a growing recognition that measures by themselves will not be able to spur improvement, it is yet to be seen to what extent these performance reports can speak compellingly to policymakers, primary healthcare providers and managers to serve as catalysts to a major leap forward in overall quality improvement.