ABSTRACT
Aim To determine the effect of red algae extract on the gene expression of catalase and caspase-3 in testicules of rats induced by boric acid (BA). Methods This is experimental research with post-test control group design. Twenty four healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four treatment groups: a healthy group, negative control group, two treatment groups with red algae extract 400mg/kgBW/day (T1) and red algae extract 800mg/kgBW/day (T2). Each group was treated with BA 500mg/kgBW/day for 14 days, whereas the healthy group did not receive BA. In the treatment groups T1 and T2 were given red algae extract for 14 days. On day 15 all treatment groups were terminated and catalase and caspase-3 gene expression were analysed using qRT-PCR. Results In the healthy group, the expression of the catalase gene was 1.39±0.67 and the expression of the caspase-3 gene was 1.06±0.17. In the negative control group, there was a significant decrease in catalase gene expression, 0.68±0.27 (p<0.05), and a significant increase in caspase-3 gene expression, 5.71±2.47 (p<0.05). Treatment groups T1 and T2 showed a significant increase in catalase gene expression, 2.67±0.69; and 2.85±0.64, respectively (p<0.05) and caspase-3, 3.96±1,16 and 1.89±0.84, respectively, compared to the control group. Conclusion: The administration of red algae extract had a significant effect on increasing the expression of the catalase gene and decreasing the expression of the caspase-3 gene. This suggests that red algae extract has the potential to be developed as a protective agent against exposure to the effects of BA.
ABSTRACT
Aim Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the chronic inflammation of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Hyperglycaemia leads to suppressed antioxidant enzyme and increased inflammation in the pancreatic cell, resulting in pancreatic cell death. Hypoxic secretome mesenchymal stem cells (HS-MSCs) are soluble molecules secreted by MSCS that have the antiinflammation ability by secreting various cytokines including IL-10 and TGF-ß which potent as a promising therapeutic modality for T1DM. This study aims to investigate the role of HS-MSCs in regulating superoxide dismutase (SOD) and caspase-3 gene expression in T1DM model. Methods Twenty male Wistar rats (6 to 8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups (sham, control, HS-MSCs 0.5 mL and HS-MSCs 1 mL intraperitoneal treatment group). Streptozotocin (STZ) 60mg/kgBB was conducted once on day 1, HS-MSCs 0.5mL (T1) and HS-MSCs 1 mL (T2) were administrated intraperitoneally on day 7, 14, and 21 after STZ administration. The rats were sacrificed on day 28; the gene expression of SOD and IL-6 was analysed by qRT-PCR. Results This study showed that the ratio of SOD significantly increased in HS-MSCs treatment associated with suppression of IL-6 gene expression. Conclusion HS-MSCs administration suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation by up regulating SOD and inhibiting IL-6 to control T1DM.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acute renal failure (ARF) is a serious disease characterised by a rapid loss of renal functions due to nephrotoxic drug or ischemic insult. The clinical treatment approach such as dialysis techniques and continuous renal enhancement have grown rapidly during past decades. However, there is yet no significant effect in improving renal function. Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells (HP-MSCs) have positive effects on the in vitro survival and stemness, in addition to angiogenic potential. AIM: In this study, we aimed to analyse the effect of HP-MSCs administration in improving renal function, characterised by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine level. METHODS: A group of 15 male Wistar rats weighing 250 g to 300 g were used in this study (n = 5 for each group). Rats were randomly distributed into 3 groups: Vehicle control (Veh) as a control group, HP-MSCs and normoxia MSCs (N-MSCs) as the treatment group. Renal function was evaluated based on the BUN and creatinine levels using the colourimetric method on day 5 and 13. The histological analysis using HE staining was performed on day 13. RESULTS: The result showed there is a significant decrease in BUN and creatinine level (p < 0.05). The histological analysis of renal tissue also showed a significant decrease between Veh and treatment group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Based on this study, we conclude that HP-MSCs have a superior beneficial effect than N-MSCs in improving renal function in an animal model of gentamicin-induced ARF.
