Ocular syphilis - a case series of four patients.

Ocular manifestations of syphilis with visual impairment symptoms may occur already at the stage of secondary syphilis. They may also be the only manifestation of syphilis and mimic other diseases of the eye. Therefore, in all patients with uveitis, optic neuritis, optic atrophy, acute ocular muscle paresis, or loss of visual acuity, syphilis infection should be ruled out, even if the medical history does not initially raise suspicion. Ocular involvement should be treated as neurosyphilis. Delayed diagnosis and inadequate therapy are often associated with irreversible consequences for the affected patient. As with any syphilis infection, HIV infection should be considered and excluded, especially in the case of ocular manifestations.

[Traumatic optic pit-Optic nerve evulsion caused by indirect ocular trauma]. / Traumatische Grubenpapille ­ Evulsio nervi optici durch indirektes Bulbustrauma.

This article describes the case of a 28-year-old man who suffered an optic nerve evulsion (ONE) after falling from a height of 5 m. On admission visual acuity in the affected left eye was light perception, direct pupillary reaction was unresponsive, and the eye was hypotonic. Because of deep eyelid laceration, hyphemia and severe vitreous hemorrhage a globe rupture was suspected and a surgical exploration with vitrectomy was performed. This resulted in the detection of an ONE. During the following 24 months a painful eyeball due to secondary glaucoma developed and enucleation of the eye became necessary.