ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are increasing at alarming rates. AIMS: To determine the effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) on elevated liver enzymes in patients with hyperlipidemia. PATIENTS: Patients with AST above 60 U/L prior to or during treatment with statin therapy at a quaternary care lipid clinic were reviewed. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted. Patients were separated into two groups: Group 1--elevated AST prior to statin therapy; and Group 2--elevated AST during statin therapy. RESULTS: Forty six patients with one or more measurements of AST >60 U/L remained after exclusion criteria were applied. Ten of 13 (77%) group 1 patients had reduced AST levels after initiation of statin therapy. Thirty two of 33 patients (97%) in group 2 had transient AST elevations while on statin therapy; one patient had persistently elevated AST after initiation of treatment. There were no significant adverse events reported. CONCLUSION: Use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in patients with elevated AST resulted in normalization of AST levels. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors were safe in patients with mildly elevated AST. This may translate to use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Subject(s)
Fatty Liver/drug therapy , Fatty Liver/metabolism , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Hyperlipidemias/drug therapy , Hyperlipidemias/metabolism , Adult , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Databases, Factual , Female , Humans , Liver/metabolism , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/drug therapy , Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism , Middle Aged , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Barrett's esophagus (BE) with dysplasia may progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Photodynamic therapy is a promising treatment for BE. OBJECTIVE: To determine if photodynamic therapy is an acceptable alternative to esophagectomy in BE patients with high-grade dysplasia or early adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Seventeen patients were treated with photodynamic therapy for BE and high-grade dysplasia or early esophageal adenocarcinoma. Patients with residual Barrett's epithelium were treated with supplemental argon plasma coagulation or potassium titanyl phosphate laser. Patients underwent follow-up endoscopy three, six, nine and 12 months post-treatment, then every six to 12 months. Mean follow-up was 21 months. RESULTS: High-grade dysplasia or early adenocarcinoma was completely eliminated in nine of 15 (60%) patients. High-grade dysplasia was downgraded in one patient, persisted in one patient and progressed in four patients. Two patients with early esophageal adenocarcinoma were nonresponders. Complications included stricture, sunburn, urticaria, small pleural effusions, esophageal spasm and transient atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: Photodynamic therapy with supplemental ablation is a good, noninvasive therapy for elimination of high-grade dysplasia and early adenocarcinoma in BE. Failure to eliminate dysplastic epithelium occurred in 40% of the patients, thereby necessitating careful follow-up.
