ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although the development of novel diagnostic and treatment strategies concerning laryngeal cancer is highly intensive, the survival rate remains virtually unchanged. Small non-coding RNAs appear to be very promising biomarkers - and so remain the focus of extensive investigation in laryngeal cancer. OBJECTIVE: We examined the expression of five miRNA and five genes related to cancer whether they could be potential laryngeal cancer biomarkers. METHODS: We performed an analysis in 47 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer. The qPCR technique was used to investigate the expression profile. RESULTS: While miR-21-3p and miR-525-5p were found to be significantly up-regulated, miR-139-3p and miR-885-5p expression is lower in laryngeal cancer. Moreover, PIK3R1 and HACE1 were found to be also down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: The change in miRNA expression is frequent than the expression of other tested genes. The expression of passenger strands such as miR-21-3p and miR-139-3p, which are rarely investigated, is also significantly affected in laryngeal cancer. While PIK3R1, HACE1, miR-139-3p, and miR-885-5p may act as tumor suppressor genes in the studied tumour type, miR-21-3p and miR-525-5p seem to have oncogenic properties. Our findings suggest that miR-885-5p and PIK3R1 are the best indicators for the classification of laryngeal cancer tissue and normal mucosa.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Laryngeal Neoplasms/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Base Sequence , Binding Sites , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Female , Gene Expression Profiling , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplasm Staging , RNA Interference , RNA, Messenger/geneticsABSTRACT
The circular dichroism (CD) of the in situ-formed Rh2(OCOCF3)4 complexes of sterically hindered, secondary lanostane alcohols was investigated. The main object of the present studies are derivatives of 3beta-, 7alpha-, 7beta-, and 11beta-hydroxylanostanes with or without an additional functional group, e.g., double bond, oxo-, hydroxy-, or acetoxy groups. Up to five Cotton effects (CEs) can be found in the CD spectra of Rh-complexes of these alcohols in the spectral range between 650-300 nm. Correlation of the CEs signs with the absolute stereochemistry at the carbon atom bearing the hydroxy group was investigated. The Rh-complex with the 3beta-acetoxylanostan-11beta-ol ligand was isolated in the crystalline form. Its polymeric structure, determined by the X-ray method, shows the di-Rh-units linked by the axially ligating oxygen atoms of the hydroxy and acetoxy groups. In the latter case, the coordination takes place through the carbonyl oxygen.