Assessing the user satisfaction on COVID-19 vaccination service in Indonesia.

Background: The implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination is still being carried out in Indonesia to enhance immunity against SARS Cov-2 infection. However, the information about vaccination service satisfaction is still very limited. This study aims to assess how satisfied Covid-19 vaccination service users are in Indonesia. Design and methods: This is an analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted through an online survey in the third week of June 2022. People with a minimum age of 17 years, having received at least one COVID-19 vaccination, and residing in Indonesia were allowed to participate in this study. We used the SERVQUAL model as an instrument, measuring five aspects covering tangibility, responsiveness, reliability, assurance, and empathy. The analysis carried out included univariate analysis and bivariate test using chi-square statistical test. Results: A total of 509 respondents were included in this study. The findings of this study revealed that there was not much of a difference between the satisfied (50.1%) and dissatisfied categories (49.9%) of vaccination users. Of the five dimensions measured, the highest level of dissatisfaction is in tangibility particularly on facility (48.7%), while the highest level of satisfaction is in reliability (the vaccination service following applicable procedures; 59.7%). We find out that vaccination location (p = 0.038), provision of refreshment/reward/incentives (p = 0.001), providing emergency contact post-vaccination (p = 0.000), and observation time post-vaccination (p = 0.000) were associated with the satisfaction of users. Conclusion: Many respondents in this study are still dissatisfied with the COVID-19 vaccination services, so it is necessary for taking continuous efforts to raise the quality of vaccination services to increase user satisfaction.

Waste handling model based on local wisdom system in Indonesia.

The population of Banyumas Regency, Indonesia is around 1,620,918 people in 2018, waste production in Banyumas Regency is large and increases from year to year. Waste production in this district reaches 1,100 m3 per day. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development model of waste management through improving the local wisdom system in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method to understand the phenomena experienced by research subjects holistically. This model consists of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal. Research instruments used are the researchers as the main instrument (human instrument), interview guidelines, check list and record tool. Data validity using the source triangulation technique carried out by crossing the answer check between informants. The result of this study is that community empowerment in waste management is very important. The local wisdom model in the community which is identified in this study is the existence of community empowerment and the contribution of women in household waste management.

Factors influencing stress during the second imposed of COVID-19 social restrictions in Indonesia.

Background: The spread of the COVID-19 virus has had a significant impact on the governmental and social aspects, as well as to the psychological status of the population. In Indonesia, social restriction was a strategy to limit people's mobility to reduce virus transmission. As social beings, the imposition of social restriction makes them fall into stress due to feeling lonely, and some cannot earn money. The aim of the study was to assess the factor association of stress level and resilience of the Indonesian people during the imposition of the second social restriction due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Design and method: A cross-sectional study was performed on respondents aged at least 18 years on 29 July-16 August 2021, when the social restriction was enforced for the second time. The online survey was conducted through several social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp) to 256 respondents. The analysis was carried out descriptively and analytically using the chi-square and binary logistic regression. Results: This study shows that there is a significant relationship between age (p < 0.001), marital status (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), income before and during the pandemic (p < 0.001) and resilience level to stress level among Indonesian. Resilience level is the only protective factor for people to not get stressed. Being normal resilience put them at 0.05 times (95% CI 0.01-0.76) more likely to have low perceived stress than low resilience. Conclusion: Resilience level is the only factor that influence stress level among people in Indonesia during the second imposed social restriction in Indonesia.

Nasopharyngeal carriage rates and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae among school children with acute otitis media in Central Java, Indonesia.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common bacterial pathogen that causes acute otitis media (AOM) in children. In this study, we investigated nasopharyngeal carriage rates and serotype distributions of S. pneumoniae among school children with AOM in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, from 2018 to 2019. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens and demographic data were collected from 122 children between the ages of 6 and 12. The specimens were cultured for the identification of S. pneumoniae, and serotyping was performed using a sequential multiplex PCR assay. We found that the S. pneumoniae carriage rate was 73 % (89/122) among children with AOM. Serotypes 23A (11 %) and 6A/6B (10 %) were the most common serotypes among the 91 cultured S. pneumoniae strains, followed by 3 (8 %), 14 (7 %), 6C/6D (7 %), 11A/11D (6 %), 15B/15C (4 %) and 35 B (4 %). Moreover, 41 % of the strains could be covered by the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PCV13. In conclusion, high nasopharyngeal carriage rates of S. pneumoniae were found in school children with AOM, with almost half of the strains being the vaccine-type. This finding provides a baseline for nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae in school children with AOM and supports the implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Indonesia.

Physical Functioning Among Community-Dwelling Elderly in Rural Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: As people live longer and the number of elderly individuals increases, caring for the elderly and increasing quality of life become important health care concerns. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess physical functioning among elderly people in rural Indonesia and draw conclusions about factors that might impact physical functioning. METHODS: This study involved 412 elderly individuals aged 60 and over selected by multistage random sampling. A logistic regression was used to determine factors which associated with physical functioning. RESULTS: Older age (75+), suffered from chronic illness, and living in low- and middle- income households tend to have limitations on physical function. Also, elderly individuals who had partner and were currently working experienced better physical function than those who did not. CONCLUSION: This study supports other findings that say elderly people should do activities that reduce the risk of developing chronic illnesses. Having regular physical activity and routine preventive health check-ups can improve overall health, protect from having diseases and maintain the physical function of the elderly.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Information Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia.

INTRODUCTION: In the absence of vaccines and specific drugs, prevention effort has been attributed as the primary control mechanism of COVID-19. Knowledge, attitude, and practice are used to determine the current situation and formulate appropriate control interventions as well as risk communication. This study, therefore, aims to assess knowledge, attitude, practice and information needs about COVID-19 in Indonesian society. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey in the third week of August 2020. Purposive and random sampling was used to select the respondents. People with a minimum age of 18 years and residing in Indonesia were allowed to participate in this study. The survey was conducted with an online questionnaire that spread on several platforms such as WhatsApp, Instagram and Facebook by distributing the link and continuous chain messages on that platform. Data were analysed using descriptive, chi-square and logistic regression test. RESULTS: A total of 816 respondents were included in this study. In general, public knowledge about COVID-19 was sufficient, but some topic areas were still low. Most people had a positive attitude about the COVID-19, but they provided a negative response to government policies. Most of the community has taken preventive measures for COVID-19. However, some behaviours received a low percentage. Information about how to prevent COVID-19 was the most wanted information during this pandemic. Social media was a favourite source of information, with the most popular type of visualisation was a table containing numbers. Age and education were significantly associated with knowledge. Some attitudes were affected by age and occupation scope. Gender and health insurance ownership significantly associated with preventive measures. CONCLUSION: This research highlights the importance of providing valid, effective, efficient, and continuous information to the public through appropriate channels to increase understanding about COVID-19 precautions.

Risk factors for acute otitis media in primary school children: a case-control study in Central Java, Indonesia.

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common disease in young children requiring antibiotic treatment. Information on AOM-related determinant risk factors in primary school children is still limited, particularly in Indonesia. This study aims to identify risk factors related to AOM in primary school children in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Design and Methods: This is an analytical study with a casecontrol design in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. 3574 children from 6 regions of the Banyumas Regency were recruited for the screening of AOM detection, and confirmation of AOM diagnosis was determined by Otolaryngologist. One hundred and twentyfive cases and 125 control were involved in this study. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire focusing on several variables such as household cooking fuel, house environment, smoking exposure, knowledge of parents, and nutrition status. Univariate, bivariate using chi-square and multivariate with regression logistic was conducted for data analysis. Results: This study highlights the risk of household firewood use (p=0.003), poor nutritional status (p=0.009), and a family history of ear infections (p=0.015) with an increased risk of otitis media. Conclusions: Household firewood use, poor nutritional status and family history of ear infection are factors associated with the occurrence of acute otitis media. It is necessary to provide public health education to prevent exposure to fuel at risk for children and to improve their nutritional status.