ABSTRACT
Background Little is known about the impact of transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair on changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the effect of an acute reduction in LVEF on prognosis. We aimed to assess changes in LVEF after transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair for both primary and secondary mitral regurgitation (PMR and SMR, respectively), identify rates and predictors of LVEF reduction, and estimate its impact on prognosis. Methods and Results In this international multicenter registry, patients with both PMR and SMR undergoing transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair were included. We assessed rates of acute LVEF reduction (LVEFR), defined as an acute relative decrease of >15% in LVEF, its impact on all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiac event (composite end point of all-cause death, mitral valve surgery, and residual mitral regurgitation grade ≥2), and LVEF at 12 months, as well as predictors for LVEFR. Of 2534 patients included (727 with PMR, and 1807 with SMR), 469 (18.5%) developed LVEFR. Patients with PMR were older (79.0±9.2 versus 71.8±8.9 years; P<0.001) and had higher mean LVEF (54.8±14.0% versus 32.7±10.4%; P<0.001) at baseline. After 6 to 12 months (median, 9.9 months; interquartile range, 7.8-11.9 months), LVEF was significantly lower in patients with PMR (53.0% versus 56.0%; P<0.001) but not in patients with SMR. The 1-year mortality was higher in patients with PMR with LVEFR (16.9% versus 9.7%; P<0.001) but not in those with SMR (P=0.236). LVEF at baseline (odds ratio, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01-1.05]; P=0.002) was predictive of LVEFR for patients with PMR, but not those with SMR (P=0.092). Conclusions Reduction in LVEF is not uncommon after transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair and is correlated with worsened prognosis in patients with PMR but not patients with SMR. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT05311163.
Subject(s)
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation , Mitral Valve Insufficiency , Humans , Ventricular Function, Left , Stroke Volume , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imaging , Mitral Valve/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methodsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to document the prevalence of concomitant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) before and after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), to quantify potential eligibility for transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI), and to report clinical outcomes as a function of the severity of TR and potential candidacy for TTVI. BACKGROUND: The importance of concomitant TR in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing TAVR remains unclear. METHODS: In a prospective TAVR registry, the severity of TR before and after TAVR was retrospectively evaluated in an echocardiography core laboratory. RESULTS: Among 2,008 eligible patients, 1,659 patients (82.6%) had mild or less TR, 242 (12.1%) had moderate TR, 57 (2.8%) had severe TR, and 50 (2.5%) had massive TR. More than one-half of patients with moderate or greater TR had a reduction in TR, while a small proportion of patients with severe or less of TR had worsening of TR after TAVR. In contrast to TR at baseline, severe TR (adjusted HR [HRadjusted]: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.03-3.49) and massive TR (HRadjusted: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.10-4.30) after TAVR conferred an increased risk for mortality compared with mild or less TR at 1 year after TAVR. After TAVR, 63 patients (3.1%) were deemed potential candidates for TTVI. They had a 2-fold increased risk for mortality between 30 days and 1 year (HRadjusted: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.15-3.25) and a higher risk for persistent heart failure symptoms (adjusted risk ratio: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.78-4.40). CONCLUSIONS: A non-negligible proportion of patients were considered potential candidates for TTVI after TAVR and had impaired prognosis and persistently impaired functional status at 1 year. (SwissTAVI Registry; NCT01368250).
