ABSTRACT
The Gen-Probe PACE 2 DNA probe assay for Neisseria gonorrhoeae was compared with conventional culture techniques in three Florida public health laboratories with 436 patients (271 females and 165 males). The prevalence rates based on culture were 19.9, 55.8, and 33.5% for females, for males, and overall, respectively. Twenty-seven probe-positive specimens gave negative culture results. Twenty of these specimens were resolved as true positives after retesting with a probe competition assay. The resolved sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 99.4, 99.6, 99.4, and 99.6%, respectively.
Subject(s)
Gonorrhea/diagnosis , Molecular Probe Techniques , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/genetics , DNA Probes , Diagnostic Errors , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Laboratories , Male , Molecular Probe Techniques/statistics & numerical data , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/isolation & purification , Public Health , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
A totally automated method for the pre-column derivatization and analysis of the o-phthalaldehyde amino acids has been described. The derivatives are formed by combining the sample and reagent in a mixer in-line with the column and taking the mixture directly to the column after a precisely controlled reaction time. Reagent addition is by the use of a multi-port automated valve. Over-all precision of the method at the 50-100 pmol level is about 1%. The proposed method has several advantages over previously reported automated methods for this analysis: (a) The reaction time is precisely controlled and can be varied reproducibly if needed by altering the initial mobile phase flow-rate. (b) The use of the auto-sampler only for taking the sample should give better reproducibility than when used for taking sample and reagent. The full-loop mode of sampling can be used to improve sampling precision. (c) The auto-sampler trays are used for samples only, not for mixing vials and or reagent vials. As many as 48 samples per day can potentially be analyzed. (d) There is no BASIC program needed to control the sampling, mixing, and injection of the samples. (e) Only the actual volume of sample analyzed is injected, undiluted with reagent and/or quenching solution. (f) The method is easier and less expensive to implement than systems employing robotics, although it is more expensive than procedures which use the auto-sampler for taking the sample and reagent due to the cost of the automated valve for reagent addition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Amino Acids/isolation & purification , Autoanalysis , Indicators and Reagents , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , o-PhthalaldehydeABSTRACT
1-[14C]Phenyl-1-(3,4-dimethyl)phenylethane ([14C]PXE), a labelled analogue of a component of some commercial PCB replacement materials, was cleared rapidly from plasma of the thorny skate, Raja radiata, after i.v. injection. A polyexponential fit to the clearance data yielded three linear components with half-lives of 7, 128 and 924 min. The metabolic clearance rate for the mean animal was approximately 41 X kg-1 X d-1. The main storage site for [14C]PXE was the liver, which contained about 40% of the injected dose. Approximately 25% of the injected radioactivity was recovered from the bile within 36 hr of injection in the form of polar metabolites, indicating rapid degradation of [14C]PXE.
Subject(s)
Fishes/metabolism , Xylenes/metabolism , Animals , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Half-Life , Injections, Intravenous , Tissue Distribution , Xylenes/administration & dosageABSTRACT
1. The characteristics of hepatic ethoxycoumarin and ethoxyresorufin O-de-ethylases in juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) from the North Sea are described. 2. Feeding Aroclor 1254 to juvenile cod to produce liver concentrations of approx 900 microgram X g-1 (wet wt) induced ethoxycoumarin O-de-ethylase approx 30-fold, but had no effect on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity. 3. Feeding Aroclor 1016 to juvenile cod to produce liver concentrations of approx 300 micrograms X g-1 (wet wt.) did not induce ethoxycoumarin O-de-ethylase activity.
Subject(s)
Aroclors/pharmacology , Microsomes, Liver/enzymology , Oxidoreductases/biosynthesis , Oxygenases/biosynthesis , Polychlorinated Biphenyls/pharmacology , 7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase , Animals , Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 , Fishes , Kinetics , Structure-Activity RelationshipSubject(s)
Aroclors/pharmacology , Methylcholanthrene/pharmacology , Microsomes, Liver/enzymology , Mixed Function Oxygenases/biosynthesis , Oxidoreductases/biosynthesis , Polychlorinated Biphenyls/pharmacology , Salmonidae/metabolism , Trout/metabolism , Aniline Hydroxylase/biosynthesis , Animals , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/biosynthesis , Enzyme Induction/drug effectsSubject(s)
DDT/pharmacology , Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene/pharmacology , Mitochondria, Liver/enzymology , Mixed Function Oxygenases/metabolism , Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Salmonidae/metabolism , Trout/metabolism , Animals , Dieldrin/metabolism , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Kinetics , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Proteins/metabolism , Temperature , Umbelliferones/metabolismSubject(s)
Biphenyl Compounds/metabolism , Bivalvia/metabolism , Crustacea/metabolism , Fishes/metabolism , Starfish/metabolism , Animals , Brachyura/metabolism , Cecum/metabolism , Hydroxylation , In Vitro Techniques , Liver/metabolism , Nephropidae/metabolism , Pancreas/metabolism , Plankton/metabolism , Trout/metabolismABSTRACT
Studies on the mutual chemical interferences in the atomic-absorption spectroscopy of Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, as simple salts and metallocenes, show that the results can be interpreted in terms of formation of mixed oxides of two elements, non-volatility of the mixed oxide compound, and the crystal structure of the mixed oxide compound.
