A first branchial cleft anomaly within the parotid gland.

Although the parotid glands are affected more frequently by cysts and congenital lesions than other salivary glands, the benign multigerminal cyst arising from a duplication anomaly of the first branchial cleft within the parotid gland is extremely rare. Forty-two cases of this unusual cause of parotid swelling have been reported in the literature. An example of a first branchial cleft anomaly appearing clinically as a parotid tumor is reported.

Otologic and otoneurologic injuries in divers: clinical studies on nine commercial and two sport divers.

In the past two decades, we have seen a great increase in the number of injuries from commercial and sport diving. During this time, our knowledge of the physiology and pathophysiology of diving has also increased. As a result, we now can accurately diagnose and successfully treat many of these injuries. Of the commercial and sport divers examined as pateints in the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Tex., between September, 1974, and May, 1975, 11 showed positive otologic and otoneurologic findings which are reported herein. One patient was surgically explored for an oval window fistula. In localizing and classifying these injuries, we have utilized extensive and broad-based test batteries, which include complete history, otologic and otoneurologic physical examination, audiometry, a central auditory test battery, and a vestibular test battery. These tests are described. The findings in each of the divers are illustrated and analyzed. This article further describes the use of these test batteries, which were employed to localize otoneurologic pathology in this sample of injured divers. Based on these cases, we have expanded and modified Edmonds' classification of the etiology of vertigo related to diving. We feel that the test batteries which we describe, or similar tests, should be part of the otologic and otoneurologic workup of injuries divers.