ABSTRACT
Bacterial isolations from tracheal and bronchial washes obtained with the aid of a fibreoptic endoscope were carried out over a 7 month period in a feedlot on calves suffering from acute pneumonic pasteurellosis. Pasteurella haemolytica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa represented the majority of isolates. Antibiotic sensitivities of the Pasteurella isolates are reported on.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Pasteurella Infections/veterinary , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cattle , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Pasteurella/drug effects , Pasteurella Infections/microbiology , Pneumonia/microbiology , Pneumonia/veterinary , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The serum bactericidal activity test was carried out in two groups of 7 calves each suspected to be suffering from pneumonic pasteurellosis. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs, endoscopic examination and bacteriological investigations. The first group of seven calves received oxytetracycline at a dosage rate of 10 mg kg-1 once a day. A second similar group received penicillin at 30,000 IU kg-1 once a day. Results showed that the correlation between antibiograms, serum bactericidal activity and clinical response may be good for oxytetracyclines and poor for penicillin. The serum bactericidal activity test may be a good method to establish effective dosages for certain antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonic pasteurellosis.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Oxytetracycline/administration & dosage , Pasteurella Infections/veterinary , Pasteurella/drug effects , Penicillins/administration & dosage , Pneumonia/veterinary , Animals , Cats , Cattle , Oxytetracycline/blood , Pasteurella Infections/drug therapy , Penicillins/blood , Pneumonia/drug therapyABSTRACT
An imported 13-year-old Simmentaler cow was presented with severe purulent cervicitis and endometritis from which Corynebacterium pyogenes , Fusobacterium necrophorum , Bacteroides melaninogenicus and an untyped Clostridium perfringens were isolated. The endometritis responded to treatment but the cervix did not and remained fibrous, continuously patent and purulent. Natural pregnancy was considered unlikely and the cow was prepared as an embryo transfer donor. Eight embryos were recovered and six transferred, resulting in five confirmed pregnancies and four live births.
ABSTRACT
Multiple antimicrobial resistance in pneumococci was detected in Johannesburg in July, 1977, and prompted an investigation of the prevalence of resistant strains in two hospitals. Carriers of Types 6A and 19A penicillin-resistant pneumococci, resistant to antibiotic concentrations ranging between 0.12 and 4 microgram per milliliter were found in 29 per cent of 543 pediatric patients and 2 per cent of 434 hospital staff members. Multiply resistant Type 19A strains, resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol, were isolated from 128 carriers, and were responsible for bacteremia in four patients. Isolates from 40 other carriers were resistant to penicillin alone or to penicillin and chloramphenicol or to penicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. Pneumococci can be screened for penicillin resistance with a modified Kirby--Bauer technic; the strains with zones of less than 35 mm around 6-microgram penicillin disks or less than 25 mm around 5-microgram methicillin disks should be tested for sensitivity to penicillin by measurements of minimum inhibitory concentration.
