[Determination of NO2 exposure--personal passive sampling versus indoor measurement]. / Bestimmung der NO2-Exposition--Persönlicher Passivsammler versus Innenraummessung.

Measurements of NO2 exposure of 29 inhabitants of Erfurt were carried out using personal passive samplers along with stationary passive samplers (indoor and outdoor) at the subjects' apartments and at their work places. The time adjusted results of the stationary measurements were compared with the results of the personal measurements and the differences (mean: 3, 15; max: +47; min: 14, 1 in ppb) were analysed. A multitude of recorded facts (e.g. use of gas stoves, smoking in the apartment) and factors which could not be quantified (e.g under- or over-estimation of the real impact of the pollutant on the person) results in disparities between the personal and stationary measured data. Though people spent 90% of the 48 hours measurement period indoors, time weighted stationary measurements of NO2 cannot replace personal measurements. For evaluation of health problems, lack of well being and work efficiency personal measurements are preferable.

[Harmful and odorous substances in the air of dwellings and public buildings]. / Schad- und Geruchsstoffe in der Luft von Wohn- und Gesellschaftsbauten.

In our climate zones men spend 10 per cent of their life outdoors. The indoor air quality in dwellings and public buildings is not researched intensively. The influence of outdoor air quality is not only dependent on the air exchange, but also on construction and properties of harmful substances. Main indoor sources are building substances, fittings, heating and cooking devices, but also men themselves and their activities. Energy conservation and in connection, its reduced ventilation will require a stronger check of indoor air quality in the future.

[Biological and chemical indicators of thermal sterilization and their possible effect on its general concept]. / Biologische und chemische indikatoren der thermischen keimtötung und deren möglicher einfluss auf ihr generelles konzept

Regarding to ignorance of germ thermoresistance occurring in hospital environment, the effect of sterilization in medicine is determined occasionally on samples of medium with high number of germs or tests are performed to determine the sterilization success (in pharmacy) by examining samples of sterile badges, although their degrees of contamination (mostly low) before sterilization are not known. Instead of fixed sterilization parameters, the new second Pharmacopoeia of the German Democratic Republic (1976 seqq.) allows a free choise of sterilization parameters ingeniously spaced (110 degrees C--140 degrees C vapour, 160 degrees C--200 degrees C hot air) according to diagrams. The mentioned methods both imperfect and expensive ones should be replaced by introducing sterilization indicators whose changes might render the designation "sterile" possible. Substantial differencies between biological and chemical indicators are shown.