Female victims of acquaintance rape in college: Incidence and effects of encounters with perpetrators.

Objectives: Acquaintance rape is the most common type of rape perpetrated against college women, but little information exists on later encounters with the perpetrator, lifestyle changes, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants: The sample consisted of 463 college-attending females, 16% of which indicated they were raped since attending college. Methods: The current study examines the incidence and effects of acquaintance rape perpetrated against female college students at a large, public university in the southeastern United States. Results: Eighty-four percent of the women who indicated they had experienced a rape since attending college knew their perpetrator, and 65.5% encountered their perpetrator after the attack. Participants who encountered their perpetrator after the attack reported more lifestyle changes and higher PTSD symptom severity on the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Conclusions: The current research suggests that the effects of acquaintance rape in college is a complicated area needing further research. There is evidence to support negative effects on victims based on interactions with perpetrators.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and uptake in college students: Implications from the Precaution Adoption Process Model.

The purpose of this study was to examine human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and uptake in college students and to identify factors associated with vaccination status utilizing the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM). The sample included 383 undergraduates from a public university who participated in February and March 2015. Students were emailed an anonymous online survey assessing knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions related to HPV and HPV vaccination, as well as their stage in the PAPM regarding vaccination completion. Significantly more females (47.3%) than males (15.8%) were vaccinated. While most students had basic knowledge of HPV, they had low perceptions of their susceptibility to contract HPV. Most unvaccinated students were in the early stages of decision-making related to vaccination. Campus health centers have an opportunity to increase HPV vaccination rates. This study indicates that students need prompts from providers, as well as education regarding susceptibility to HPV.

Mississippi elementary school teachers' perspectives on providing nutrition competencies under the framework of their school wellness policy.

OBJECTIVE: Identify elementary teachers' implementation of nutrition competencies as part of their school wellness policies (SWP) guided by Organizational Change Theory (OCT) constructs. METHODS: A 32-item, cross-sectional survey was distributed through a Web link e-mailed to teachers in Mississippi public elementary schools. Response rate was 34% (n = 947) from 30 schools. Principal component factor analysis for inter-item correlations and theoretical fit to OCT was used with internal consistency reliability coefficients determined using Cronbach's alpha for Likert-type scales. RESULTS: A majority of teachers (85.5%) favors their SWPs and has transitioned through the unfreezing stage. Lack of teacher input, time, resources, and recognition for providing nutrition education reflects that teachers do not have support for transitioning through the moving stage. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Use of evaluation tools to facilitate teachers' progress through the moving stage into the refreezing stage would be advantageous in supporting organizational change as school administrations implement SWPs.