ABSTRACT
Synthesized series of cage dimeric 1,4-dihydropyridines have been systematically evaluated as MDR modulators in in vitro assays to investigate structure-dependent selectivity properties of inhibiting most cancer-relevant efflux pump proteins. Structure-activity relationships of each P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) 1 and MRP2 inhibition are discussed and prove to be mainly determined by certain aromatic substitution patterns. The characterization of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibition results in the discovery of benzyloxy substituted derivatives as selective P-gp inhibitors.
Subject(s)
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism , Dihydropyridines/chemistry , Dihydropyridines/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects , Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 , ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/antagonists & inhibitors , ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism , Animals , Cell Line, Tumor , Dihydropyridines/chemical synthesis , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects , Humans , Mice , Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 , Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Novel 3,9-diazatetraasteranes have been synthesized with varied aromatic substitution patterns and evaluated as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors. Structure-activity relationships (SAR) are discussed in relation to determined physicochemical properties. The potential to induce P-gp expression has been evaluated in cancer cell lines. The bioanalytical results indicate favorable noninducing properties compared to P-gp inducing drug standard.
