ArtiLock: Smartphone User Identification Based on Physiological and Behavioral Features of Monosyllable Articulation.

Although voice authentication is generally secure, voiceprint-based authentication methods have the drawback of being affected by environmental noise, long passphrases, and large registered samples. Therefore, we present a breakthrough idea for smartphone user authentication by analyzing articulation and integrating the physiology and behavior of the vocal tract, tongue position, and lip movement to expose the uniqueness of individuals while making utterances. The key idea is to leverage the smartphone speaker and microphone to simultaneously transmit and receive speech and ultrasonic signals, construct identity-related features, and determine whether a single utterance is a legitimate user or an attacker. Physiological authentication methods prevent other users from copying or reproducing passwords. Compared to other types of behavioral authentication, the system is more accurately able to recognize the user's identity and adapt accordingly to environmental variations. The proposed system requires a smaller number of samples because single utterances are utilized, resulting in a user-friendly system that resists mimicry attacks with an average accuracy of 99% and an equal error rate of 0.5% under the three different surroundings.

Self-fulfillment degree of construction and demolition waste management capability based on the Triple-balance theory: A case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

Construction and demolition waste (C&DW) has become part of the largest waste stream globally and many cities are facing the shortage of management capability to treat C&DW. These cities seek to transport their C&DW to their neighbor cities for recycling or landfilling, which is recognized as the cross-regional management of C&DW. However, there were few studies to investigate the mechanism of cross-regional mobility in C&DW field. This study developed a model to evaluate the self-fulfillment degree of C&DW management capability at regional level based on the Triple-balance theory. Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) was selected as the study case, and the data was collected through on-site surveys, expert interviews, and desktop surveys. The results showed that the self-fulfillment degree of C&DW management capability of the cities, such as Guangzhou, Zhuhai, Foshan, Dongguan, Jiangmen, and Zhaoqing was high, which meant these cities could well manage the C&DW generated within the regions under current situation. The self-fulfillment degree of management capability of Macao, Huizhou, and Zhongshan was evaluated as medium; while the indicators of Hong Kong and Shenzhen fell into low category, which meant they needed to transport surplus C&DW to other cities for further treatment. The research is significant as it provides an innovative evaluation model considering the cross-regional mobility for C&DW management performance assessment. Besides, the findings could assist the waste management sectors to plan the C&DW treatment facilities in GBA, while other cities could also benefit from this study regarding to the cross-regional mobility management of C&DW.

Determinants Affecting Purchase Willingness of Contractors towards Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Products: An Empirical Study in Shenzhen, China.

Waste recycling is a critical method to effectively address environmental issues raised by construction and demolition waste (C&DW). As highlighted in previous studies, the contractor is considered the primary purchaser for recycled C&DW products. However, there is a limited understanding of the factors affecting the contractor's purchase willingness towards C&DW recycling products. This study investigated these key drivers using the Exploratory Sequential Mixed Approach. Firstly, a hypothetical model was developed based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Secondly, a questionnaire survey was then employed in data collection. Thirdly, structural equation modeling (SEM) was adopted for data analysis. It is revealed that multiple factors directly affect the contractor's purchase willingness towards C&DW recycling products. These factors include government measures, the contractor's attitude, perceived behavioral control, perceived consumer effectiveness, and subjective norms. Besides, recycling product information indirectly affects the contractor's purchase willingness. Based on the findings, the study provides strategies for the government, contractors, recycling enterprises, and public buyers to increase C&DW recycling products' purchase willingness. Findings derived from the empirical study can be used as a theoretical reference for government departments to develop related promotion policies. Moreover, the suggestions provided are helpful to guide recycling enterprises to promote their products.