Subject(s)
Bone Substitutes/therapeutic use , Dental Papilla/drug effects , Gingiva/drug effects , Gingival Recession/therapy , Animals , Bone Matrix/transplantation , Cattle , Female , Gingival Recession/surgery , Humans , Male , Maxilla , Middle Aged , Severity of Illness Index , Surgical Flaps , Tooth Root , Transplantation, Heterologous , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Artifacts , Electrocardiography , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Sensitivity and SpecificitySubject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects , Benzocaine/administration & dosage , Benzocaine/adverse effects , Methemoglobinemia/prevention & control , Administration, Inhalation , Administration, Topical , Humans , Methemoglobinemia/chemically induced , Nebulizers and VaporizersSubject(s)
Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation , Laryngoscopes , Aged , Anesthesia , Humans , Male , ThoracotomyABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVE To determine the percentage of time that intensive care unit (ICU) nurses spend on documentation and other nursing activities before and after installation of a third-generation ICU information system. DESIGN: Prospective data collection using real-time time-motion analysis, before and after installation of the ICU information system. SETTING: A ten-bed surgical ICU at a Veterans Affairs medical center. SUBJECTS: ICU nurses. INTERVENTIONS: Installation of a third-generation ICU information system. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Ten ICU nurses were studied before and after installation of the ICU information system. Each ICU nurse's activities and tasks, during 4-hr observation periods, were categorized in real-time by a nurse observer and recorded in a laptop computer. Each recorded task was automatically time-stamped and logged into a data file. The percentage of time spent on documentation decreased from 35.1 +/- 8.3% to 24.2 +/- 7.6% (p =.025) after the ICU information system was installed. The percentage of time providing direct patient care increased from 31.3 +/- 9.2% to 40.1 +/- 11.7% (p =.085). The percentage of time doing patient assessment, a direct patient care task, increased from 4.0 +/- 4.7% to 9.4 +/- 4.4% (p =.001). CONCLUSIONS: Installation of a third-generation ICU information system decreased the percentage of time ICU nurses spent on documentation by >30%. Almost half of the time saved on documentation was spent on patient assessment, a direct patient care task.
Subject(s)
Information Systems , Intensive Care Units , Nursing Care/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Veterans , Humans , Nursing Care/trends , Prospective Studies , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Anesthesia , Brachial Plexus , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/prevention & control , Posture , Aged , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the hypothesis that the Matricellular proteins thrombospondin 1 (TSP1), tenascin (TN) and Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) modulate the migration of RPE cells in the epiretinal membranes of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. METHODS: Ten PVR epiretinal membranes were studied by immunohistochemical methods in which aggregates of RPE cells were identified by their expression of a broad range of cytokeratins. RPE subsets containing migratory RPE cells were detected by immunoreactivity for the monoclonal antibody RGE53 (which detects an epitope on cytokeratin-18 on motile RPE cells). Co-localisation of the RPE subsets with the glycoproteins TSP-1, SPARC and TN was evaluated. RESULTS: Nineteen migratory RPE (RGE53 positive) subsets and 13 RPE (RGE53 negative) subsets were identified. All of the RGE53+ subsets colocalised with TSP1 and SPARC and 17 with TN. Ten of the RGE53- aggregates stained for TN, 6 for SPARC and 5 for TSP1. The association between the presence of RGE53+ cells in the RPE cell aggregates and TSP1 immunoreactivity in the aggregates was significant (p < 0.001), and there was a comparable significant association between RGE53+ cells and SPARC (p < 0.001). No such association was detected for RGE53+ cells and TN (p > 0.2). CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the concept that the migration of retinal pigment cells in epiretinal membranes is modulated by TSP1 and SPARC and thus that these two proteins ultimately may represent therapeutic targets in the management of the membranes.
