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J Med Chem ; 64(6): 3115-3130, 2021 03 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33666428

ABSTRACT

Cisplatin (CDDP) is an extensively used chemotherapeutic agent but has a high incidence of severe ototoxicity. Although a few molecules have entered clinical trials, none have been approved to prevent or treat CDDP-induced hearing loss by the Food and Drug Administration. In this study, an amphiphilic drug-drug conjugate was synthesized by covalently linking dexamethasone (DEX) and salvianolic acid B (SAL) through an ester or amide bond. The conjugates could self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs) with ultrahigh drug loading capacity and favorable stability. Compared with DEX, SAL, or their physical mixture at the same concentrations, both conjugates and NPs showed enhanced otoprotection in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, the conjugates and NPs almost completely restored hearing in a guinea pig model with good biocompatibility. Immunohistochemical analyses suggested that conjugates and NPs activated the glucocorticoid receptor, which may work as one of the major mechanisms for their protective effects.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Benzofurans/therapeutic use , Cisplatin/adverse effects , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Hearing Loss/chemically induced , Hearing Loss/drug therapy , Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Animals , Benzofurans/chemical synthesis , Benzofurans/chemistry , Dexamethasone/analogs & derivatives , Dexamethasone/chemical synthesis , Drug Design , Guinea Pigs , Hearing Loss/pathology , Humans , Protective Agents/chemical synthesis , Protective Agents/chemistry
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