Correlation between miR-210 and serum levels of GGT, ALP and AST in patients with choledocholithiasis.

The purpose of this study was to explore the association between miR-210 and serum GGT, ALP and AST levels in patients with choledocholithiasis. The clinical data of 82 patients with biliary stones admitted to the hospital from May 2020 to May 2022 were collected and divided into observation group (n=40) and control group (n=42) according to whether asymptomatic combined. The relative expression level of miR-210 was measured by RT-PCR, serum GGT, ALP, and AST by rate method, and the correlation of miR-210 expression level with serum GGT, ALP, AST and the diagnostic value for choledochal stones was analyzed. The relative expression of serum GGT, ALP, AST and miR-210 were all higher than the control group (P <0.05); the relative expression level of miR-210 and serum GGT, ALP and AST, 0.756, 0.832, 0.326, r = P <0.05), 0.782, 0.776, 0.681, 0.568, respectively. Serum miR-210 level was upregulated in patients with choledocholithiasis, and its expression was positively correlated with serum GGT, ALP, and AST, which can be used for early auxiliary diagnosis of choledocholithiasis.

Analysis of prevalence of adverse events connected with anti-tuberculosis drugs during pregnancy: A meta-analysis.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is transmitted among humans via airborne droplets. The drugs used in the initial treatment regimen for tuberculosis (TB) cross the placenta, raising some concerns regarding their safety during pregnancy may provide a more valid approach for evaluating the relative influence of various risk factors. Adverse events of anti-tuberculous (anti-TB) drug during pregnancy remain uncertain and controversial issues. Methods: We performed a systematic analysis to study the adverse events connected with anti-TB drugs usage during pregnancy. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration criteria. Interstudy heterogeneity was assessed via Cochran's test. Assuming heterogeneity, a random-effects model was applied. Outcomes were pooled using the inverse variance method. Besides, a funnel plot was created to assess publication bias. We used Egger's linear regression test of funnel plot asymmetry, modified to accommodate inter-study heterogeneity. Effect estimates and confidence intervals for all studies were depicted on a forest plot. Results: The prevalence of total adverse events for all anti-TB drugs was 25.9 %. According to the drug category, the prevalence of total adverse events was 50 % for ethambutol, 32.6 % for the six-month directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS), 31.4 % for the nine-month DOTS, and 13.7 % for isoniazid. Conclusions: There is a high rate of reported adverse events associated with anti-TB drugs usage during pregnancy. We concluded that more high-quality clinical studies and research works are needed to reach a conclusive decision on the safety of the treatment of TB among pregnant women.

Primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor: A case report and literature review.

Key Clinical Message: There are limited published cases of primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor (PMYST), with no consensus on the best treatment alternative. By far, the surgery oriented comprehensive therapies are the main treatment methods. The surgical strategy should be individualized and aimed at radical resection, considering all the possibilities, including the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and prosthetic materials. Abstract: A 15-year-old boy was diagnosed as PMYST. The tumor, with a size about 13 × 12 × 8 cm, was located in the right upper mediastinum, closely adhering to ascending aorta, superior vena cava, right atrium, and the right hilum. After 6 cycles chemotherapy of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP), no significant change was found in the size of tumor. Subsequently, an extended tumor excision including partial resection of the right lung, the pericardium, the diaphragm and the right phrenic nerve, was performed successfully with cardiopulmonary bypass on standby. During 6 months of follow-up, there was no tumor recurrence. Meanwhile, in PubMed, we searched the English case reports and case series of PMYST during the past decade. A total of 73 articles were retrieved, in which 22 articles on the therapy and prognosis of PMYST were extracted and reviewed, included 16 case reports and 6 case series with a total of 52 patients. Due to the rarity of PMYST, it is difficult to provide a specific treatment regimen. The surgery-oriented comprehensive therapies are still the main treatment methods. The surgical strategy should be individualized and aim at radical resection, considering all the possibilities, including the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and prosthetic materials.

Efficacy comparison of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in type 2 diabetes patients with a BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2 versus BMI < 30 kg/m2.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is safe and effective in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2. However, the effect and safety of LSG in the treatment of T2DM patients with BMI less than 35 kg/m2, especially in patients with BMI less than 30 kg/m2, are still debatable. METHODS: A total of 51 T2DM patients with BMI less than 35 kg/m2 treated successfully with LSG were included in our study. All patients were divided into two groups for subgroup analysis, namely group A (BMI 23.23-29.97 kg/m2) and group B (BMI 30.0-34.9 kg/m2). The weight loss and diabetic characteristics of LSG in the two groups at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after operation were compared, respectively. RESULTS: In group A, the complete remission rates of T2DM were 20%, 36%, and 44% at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation, respectively. In group B, the complete remission rates of T2DM were 30.8%, 61.5%, and 88.5% at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation, respectively. Besides, none of the patients with a duration more than 15 years achieved complete remission. For T2DM patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 at 12 months after LSG, the complete remission rate of T2DM was 15.4% in patients with ABCD scores ≤ 2, and the complete remission rate of T2DM was 100% in patients with ABCD scores ≥ 5. CONCLUSION: LSG is safe and effective for T2DM patients with BMI less than 35 kg/m2 in the short-term. However, the complete remission rate of T2DM in patients with BMI less than 30 kg/m2 is far from the diabetes patients with BMI at 30-34.9 kg/m2.

Maternal Nicotine Exposure During Gestation and Lactation Period Affects Behavior and Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mouse Offspring.

Cigarette smoking or nicotine exposure during pregnancy is associated with numerous obstetrical, fetal, and developmental complications, as well as an increased risk of adverse health consequences in the adult offspring. In this study, we examined the effects of maternal nicotine exposure during perinatal and lactation stages on behavioral performance and hippocampal neurogenesis in the adolescent stage of offspring mice. Female C57BL/mice received nicotine in drinking water (200 µg/ml nicotine) or vehicle (1% saccharin) starting from 2 weeks premating until the offspring were weaned on postnatal day 20. Experiments started on postnatal day 35. Female offspring with maternal nicotine exposure presented an increase in anxiety-like behavior in an open-field test. BrdU assay revealed that nicotine offspring presented an increase in cell proliferation in hippocampal dentate gyrus, but the number of BrdU+ cells was decreased in one week and further decreased in three weeks. The occurrence of disarray of DCX+ cells increased in both male and female nicotine offspring. The density of microglial marker protein Iba1 was significantly increased in the nicotine offspring. Furthermore, the expression of microglia marker Iba1, the CX3CL1, CX3CR1, and downstream molecules PKA and p-ErK were significantly increased in the nicotine group. In summary, maternal nicotine exposure affects both hippocampal neurogenesis and microglial activity in the adolescent offspring.