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1.
J Gen Virol ; 87(Pt 6): 1659-1667, 2006 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16690931

ABSTRACT

The BRSV fusion (F) protein is cleaved at two furin consensus sequence sites, resulting in the generation of disulphide-linked F1 and F2 subunits and the release of an intervening peptide of 27 amino acids (pep27), which is converted into a biologically active tachykinin (virokinin). The role of the virokinin and the importance of one of the furin cleavage sites, FCS-2 [RA(R/K)R109], in the pathogenesis of BRSV infection and in the subsequent development of immunity was studied in gnotobiotic calves infected with a recombinant BRSV (rBRSV) lacking pep27 (rBRSVdelta p27) or with rBRSV108/109, which contains two amino acid substitutions in FCS-2 (RANN109). Although replication of the mutant viruses and the parental wild-type (WT) rBRSV in the lungs was similar, the extent of gross and microscopic lesions induced by the mutant viruses was less than that induced by WT rBRSV. Furthermore, the numbers of eosinophils in the lungs of calves infected with the mutant viruses were significantly less than that in calves infected with WT virus. These observations suggest a role for the virokinin in the pathogenesis of BRSV infection. Following mucosal immunization with rBRSVdelta p27, the levels of BRSV-specific serum antibodies were similar to those induced by WT virus. In contrast, the level of neutralizing antibodies induced by rBRSV108/109 was 10-fold lower than that induced by WT virus. Nevertheless, resistance to BRSV challenge induced by the mutant and WT viruses was similar, suggesting that neither pep27 nor FCS-2 plays a major role in the induction of protective immunity.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/immunology , Mutation , Pneumonia/veterinary , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/veterinary , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines/administration & dosage , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/pathogenicity , Viral Fusion Proteins/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/virology , Cells, Cultured , Furin/metabolism , Germ-Free Life , Immunization , Molecular Sequence Data , Pneumonia/immunology , Pneumonia/physiopathology , Recombination, Genetic , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/virology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines/genetics , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/genetics , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Tachykinins/metabolism , Viral Fusion Proteins/chemistry , Viral Fusion Proteins/metabolism , Virulence
2.
J Gen Virol ; 79 ( Pt 7): 1759-67, 1998 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9680140

ABSTRACT

The ability of a bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) recombinant expressing the G protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) to protect against BRSV infection was examined in calves. A synthetic G gene was inserted behind the gE promoter of BHV-1 to give a gE-negative, BHV-1/G recombinant. Gnotobiotic calves, vaccinated intranasally and intratracheally with BHV-1/G were challenged 6 weeks later with the Snook strain of BRSV. As controls, calves were vaccinated with a gE-negative mutant of BHV-1 which contains a frame-shift (BHV-1/gEfs). Whereas infection with BHV-1/gEfs induced only mild clinical signs, infection with BHV-1/G resulted in more severe clinical disease and higher titres of BHV-1/G were isolated from the lungs when compared with BHV-1/gEfs. Thus, expression of the G protein of BRSV increased the virulence of BHV-1 for calves. Vaccination with BHV-1/G induced BRSV-specific antibody in serum and respiratory secretions. However, only one calf developed low levels of BRSV complement-dependent neutralizing antibody. Although BHV-1/G primed calves for BRSV-specific lymphocyte proliferative responses, there was no evidence for priming of BRSV-specific cytotoxic T cells. After challenge with BRSV, there was a significant reduction in nasopharyngeal excretion of BRSV in BHV-1/G-vaccinated calves compared with controls and BRSV was isolated from the lung of only one of five vaccinated calves compared with all four control animals. In addition, the extent of gross pneumonic lesions 7 days after BRSV challenge was significantly reduced in calves vaccinated with BHV-1/G compared with controls given BHV-1/gEfs.


Subject(s)
Genetic Vectors , Herpesvirus 1, Bovine , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Antigens, Viral/genetics , Antigens, Viral/immunology , Cattle , Genetic Vectors/immunology , Herpesvirus 1, Bovine/immunology , Herpesvirus 1, Bovine/pathogenicity , Immunity, Innate , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology , Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics , Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology , Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics , Viral Vaccines/genetics , Virulence
3.
J Infect Dis ; 177(4): 874-80, 1998 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9534958

ABSTRACT

Two neutralizing, fusion-inhibiting bovine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs; B4 and B13) directed at different epitopes on the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) protected the lungs of gnotobiotic calves from RSV infection. The MAbs were administered intratracheally 24 h before the calves were challenged with bovine RSV. A third, nonneutralizing, non-fusion-inhibiting but complement-fixing MAb, B1, provided no significant protection against infection, and the disease was not exacerbated. Pneumonic consolidation and mean virus titer in lung 7 days after challenge were significantly lower in calves given the fusion-inhibiting MAbs than in either control calves or those given MAb B1. The proliferative bronchiolitis with syncytial formation and widespread distribution of RSV antigen in the lower respiratory tract of the B1-treated and control calves were indistinguishable and typical of experimental bovine RSV infection. Syncytia were markedly absent, and little or no viral antigen was detected in either the B4- or B13-treated calves.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Viral/therapeutic use , HN Protein , Immunization, Passive , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Viral Proteins/immunology , Animals , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Bronchiolitis/immunology , Bronchiolitis/virology , Cattle , Complement Fixation Tests , Epitopes/immunology , Germ-Free Life , Immunohistochemistry , Lung/immunology , Lung/pathology , Lung/virology , Neutralization Tests , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/therapy , Viral Envelope Proteins
4.
J Gen Virol ; 78 ( Pt 12): 3195-206, 1997 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9400970

ABSTRACT

The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) encoding the F, G, N or M2 (22K) proteins of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) were evaluated in calves, the natural host for BRSV. Calves were vaccinated either by scarification or intratracheally with rVV and challenged 6 to 7 weeks later with BRSV. Although replication of rVV expressing the F protein in the respiratory tract was limited after intratracheal vaccination, the levels of serum and pulmonary antibody were similar to those induced following scarification. The serum antibody response induced by the F protein was biased in favour of IgG1 antibody, whereas the G and the N proteins induced similar levels of IgG1:IgG2, and antibody was undetectable in calves primed with the M2 protein. The F protein induced neutralizing antibodies, but only low levels of complement-dependent neutralizing antibodies were induced by the G protein, and antibody induced by the N protein was not neutralizing. The F and N proteins primed calves for BRSV-specific lymphocyte proliferative responses, whereas proliferative responses were detected in calves primed with the G protein only after BRSV challenge. The M2 protein primed lymphocytes in only one out of five calves. Although there were differences in the immune responses induced by the rVVs, the F, G and N, but not the M2, proteins induced significant protection against BRSV infection and, in contrast with the enhanced lung pathology seen in mice vaccinated with rVV expressing individual proteins of human (H)RSV, there was a reduction in lung pathology in calves.


Subject(s)
DNA, Recombinant/genetics , HN Protein , Lung/virology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics , Vaccinia virus/genetics , Viral Proteins/genetics , Viral Proteins/immunology , Animals , Cattle , DNA, Recombinant/administration & dosage , DNA, Recombinant/immunology , Humans , Lung/immunology , Lung/pathology , Mice , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control , Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage , Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology , Vaccinia virus/immunology , Viral Envelope Proteins , Viral Proteins/administration & dosage
5.
Vaccine ; 15(12-13): 1385-90, 1997.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9302749

ABSTRACT

Previous reports demonstrate that synthetic peptides corresponding to the amino acid region 174-187 of G glycoprotein from subgroups A and B human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), containing a Cys-->Ser substitution at position 186, confer complete resistance to immunized BALB/c mice against infection with the respective virus. In this report, we show that a Cys186-->Ser substituted peptide (BG/174-187) representing the corresponding region of the bovine (B) RSV G glycoprotein conferred complete protection of mice against BRSV challenge, suggesting that the 174-187 region of RSV G glycoproteins constitutes a dominant protective epitope which has been maintained throughout evolution. Furthermore, immunization of calves with peptide BG/174-187 efficiently induced the production of antibodies capable of recognizing both the parental G glycoprotein and peptide BG/174-187. Following challenge with live BRSV, although none of the animals were protected from upper respiratory tract disease, there were little or no gross pneumonic lesions in the four peptide-immunized calves. In contrast, moderate to extensive pneumonic lesions were observed in 2 out of 3 calves in the control group. Our results thus suggest that peptide BG/174-187 efficiently prevented BRSV-associated pneumonia in the natural host. The use of this system as a model is quite promising with regard to the development of a human synthetic vaccine.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/prevention & control , HN Protein , Peptide Fragments/immunology , Pneumonia/veterinary , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/veterinary , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Viral Proteins/immunology , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Animals , Cattle , Immunization , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Pneumonia/prevention & control , Viral Envelope Proteins
6.
J Gen Virol ; 77 ( Pt 6): 1239-48, 1996 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8683212

ABSTRACT

Vaccinia virus (vv) recombinants expressing either wild-type (VA-F) or mutant forms (VA-FT, VA-FR47, VA-FS1 to VA-FS6) of the fusion (F) protein of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus were examined for their ability to elicit antibody, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and protection against RS virus infection in BALB/c mice. Cells infected with the VA-F and VA-FT recombinants expressed the F protein on their surface and mice vaccinated with these recombinants developed RS virus neutralizing antibodies. The VA-FR47 recombinant expressed a mutant form of the F protein (with six amino acid changes from the wild-type) in which both proteolytic processing of the F0 precursor and its transport to the cell surface were inhibited. These mutants induced transient protection against RS virus infection although they did not induce RS virus neutralizing antibodies, or antibodies detectable by ELISA. All the vv recombinants were able to induce an RS virus-specific, MHC class I restricted CTL response. Vaccination of mice with a second set of vv recombinants expressing mutant forms of the F protein showed that the replacement Phe to Ser at amino acid 237 either alone or in combination with others abolished the neutralizing antibody response but did not affect priming of CTLs. These results demonstrate that long-term protection against RS virus infection in mice vaccinated with recombinant vv expressing the F protein is more dependent upon the induction of an antibody rather than a CTL response.


Subject(s)
HN Protein , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology , Vaccines, Synthetic , Viral Proteins/immunology , Viral Vaccines , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Antibody Formation , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Female , Humans , Lung/pathology , Lung/virology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Neutralization Tests , Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis , Recombinant Proteins/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/pathology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control , Spleen/immunology , Vaccinia virus , Viral Envelope Proteins , Viral Proteins/biosynthesis
7.
J Virol ; 69(11): 6658-64, 1995 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7474075

ABSTRACT

The role of T-cell subsets in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was investigated by using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to selectively deplete gnotobiotic calves of CD4+, CD8+, or WC1+ gamma delta T-cell receptor+ lymphocytes. Injection of these MAbs produced specific reductions of the target cell populations in the circulation and tissues. Ten days after RSV infection, immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG1, and IgA antibodies were detected in sera and lung washings from control calves. Depletion of CD8+ T cells had no effect on either the serum or local antibody responses to RSV, whereas depletion of CD4+ T cells suppressed the antibody responses in two of three calves. The IgM and IgA responses were significantly increased in the lung washings of calves from which WC1+ T cells were depleted. Depletion of CD4+ or WC1+ T cells caused no significant delay in virus clearance, although an increase in the extent of pneumonic consolidation was observed in anti-CD4-treated calves. Nasopharyngeal excretion of RSV was prolonged in calves depleted of CD8+ T cells, and virus was isolated in high titers from lung washings of these animals 10 days after infection, whereas virus had been cleared from lung washings of all other animals. The delayed virus clearance was associated with an increase in the severity of pneumonic consolidation in three of four of the calves from which CD8+ T cells were depleted. This study shows that CD8+ T cells play a dominant role in the recovery of calves from RSV infection.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology , Antigens, Surface/immunology , Cattle Diseases/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/veterinary , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Animals , CD4 Antigens/immunology , CD8 Antigens/immunology , Cattle , Lymphocyte Depletion , Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/isolation & purification , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/virology
8.
Res Vet Sci ; 47(2): 185-9, 1989 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2799074

ABSTRACT

Pasteurella multocida was isolated from the lungs of calves that died on a farm in the south of England. This organism was inoculated experimentally into 13 calves by the intratracheal route: in all but two of the calves mild clinical disease resulted and at necropsy, three or four days later, pneumonic consolidation involving up to 22 per cent of the lung was observed. P multocida was isolated from all but two of the lungs. Of two calves inoculated intravenously with P multocida, one showed mild clinical disease and slight pneumonic consolidation at necropsy and the other remained normal. Control calves inoculated intratracheally and intravenously with sterile broth showed no signs of illness and no pneumonic consolidation. Histologically the lung lesions comprised a fibrinous bronchopneumonia with variable sized areas of coagulative necrosis, extensive deposition of fibrin and massive dilatation and oedema of the interlobular and pleural lymphatics. It is concluded that P multocida should receive more recognition as a primary pathogen.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Pasteurella Infections/veterinary , Pasteurella/pathogenicity , Pneumonia/veterinary , Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/pathology , Lung/microbiology , Lung/pathology , Pasteurella Infections/microbiology , Pasteurella Infections/pathology , Pneumonia/microbiology , Pneumonia/pathology
9.
Res Vet Sci ; 47(1): 84-9, 1989 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2772410

ABSTRACT

Two gnotobiotic calves were treated once with tilmicosin (20 mg kg-1) six hours before they were infected by the intratracheal route with Mycoplasma bovis and Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1. This treatment prevented colonisation of the lungs by P haemolytica and considerably reduced colonisation by M bovis, and the clinical scores and the extent of pneumonic consolidation, compared with two untreated gnotobiotic calves, both of which had to be killed in extremis for humanitarian reasons within 24 hours of infection. In a second experiment, 10 conventionally reared calves were similarly exposed to infection and, at the onset of clinical disease, five were treated once with tilmicosin (20 mg kg-1). Colonisation by P haemolytica and M bovis, the clinical scores and extent of pneumonic consolidation were suppressed or greatly reduced in the treated compared with the untreated calves, one of which had to be killed in extremis two days after infection. It was concluded that tilmicosin had a beneficial effect.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Leucomycins/therapeutic use , Macrolides , Pasteurella Infections/veterinary , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/veterinary , Pneumonia/veterinary , Tylosin/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Germ-Free Life , Pasteurella Infections/drug therapy , Pasteurella Infections/pathology , Pneumonia/drug therapy , Pneumonia/microbiology , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/pathology , Random Allocation
10.
Vet Pathol ; 26(3): 253-9, 1989 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2763414

ABSTRACT

Five calves were inoculated intravenously with 10(8) colony forming units (cfu) of Pasteurella haemolytica A1; the mean score for pneumonic consolidation 3 days post-inoculation was 28%, and the mean clinical score was 7.8. Five calves inoculated intratracheally with 10(9) cfu of the same strain of P. haemolytica had comparable scores (34% and 8.8). Histological lesions of fibrinous pneumonia were similar in all calves. P. haemolytica was recovered from all but one of the affected lungs. From one calf killed in extremis 3 hours after intravenous inoculation, numbers of bacteria recovered from lung were 1,000-fold greater than from liver and spleen. A similar difference in bacterial numbers was also obtained from a gnotobiotic calf killed in extremis, 12 hours after intravenous inoculation of 10(8) cfu P. haemolytica. Evidence from these experiments supports the hypothesis that the blood-borne route is important in the pathogenesis of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/etiology , Pasteurella Infections/veterinary , Pneumonia/veterinary , Sepsis/veterinary , Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/blood , Germ-Free Life , Lung/microbiology , Lung/pathology , Pasteurella Infections/blood , Pasteurella Infections/etiology , Pneumonia/blood , Pneumonia/etiology , Sepsis/complications
11.
Vet Rec ; 124(16): 420-2, 1989 Apr 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2750019

ABSTRACT

An increase in deaths in calves from respiratory disease from an average of 9.7 per year to 36.5 per year corresponded with the isolation of Mycoplasma bovis from the lungs. It is suggested that this mycoplasma enhanced the severity of the disease which was normally present on the farm. The characteristic microscopic lesion and demonstration of M bovis by immunoperoxidase labelling could be useful aids to diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Lung/microbiology , Mycoplasma/isolation & purification , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/veterinary , Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/mortality , Cattle Diseases/pathology , Lung/pathology , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/microbiology , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/mortality , Pneumonia, Mycoplasma/pathology
12.
Arch Virol ; 77(1): 81-5, 1983.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6625888

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma virus Hr 1 is a short tailed bacteriophage with a polyhedral head about 34 nm across and a tail about 14 nm long. It produces plaques on some strains of Mycoplasma hyorhinis.


Subject(s)
Bacteriophages/isolation & purification , Bacteriophages/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Mycoplasma , Viral Plaque Assay , Virus Cultivation/methods
13.
Arch Virol ; 75(1-2): 1-15, 1983.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6830441

ABSTRACT

Morphologically mycoplasma virus Br 1 is a typical contractile-tailed bacteriophage with a head 77 nm in diameter and a tail 104 nm long. Its type of nucleic acid was not determined. Br 1 was closely associated with its host cell and assays reflected infectious centres. During growth of Br 1 in mycoplasma cultures at multiplicities of infection (MOI) greater than 0.001, there was a lag period: this was up to 23 hours at an MOI of 35. The mean generation time of a mycoplasma culture infected at MOI up to 235 was 2 hours, compared with 1 hour for an uninfected culture. However in these infected cultures there were viable mycoplasmas all of which appeared to be fully susceptible to Br 1 infection and did not seem to be carrying the virus. Br 1 formed plaques on M. bovirhinis but failed to produce plaques on strains of 8 Mycoplasma, 2 Acholeplasma and 4 bacterial species.


Subject(s)
Bacteriophages , Mycoplasma , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacteriophages/drug effects , Bacteriophages/isolation & purification , Bacteriophages/ultrastructure , Chloroform/pharmacology , Ether/pharmacology , Microscopy, Electron , Octoxynol , Polyethylene Glycols/pharmacology , Temperature , Viral Plaque Assay
14.
Res Vet Sci ; 32(1): 27-34, 1982 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7089379

ABSTRACT

Pneumonic lungs of 56 calves were examined and 12 (21 per cent) of them yielded Streptobacillus moniliformis-like organisms. These organisms resembled those previously described as Bacillus actinoides or Actinobacillus actinoides. After intratracheal inoculation of cultures of two strains of these organisms, pneumonic consolidation developed in five out of six gnotobiotic calves and involved up to 16 per cent of the lung surface. Histological lesions of interstitial pneumonia were observed in the lungs of all six calves. Swellings at the site of the infection followed intradermal and subcutaneous inoculation of cultures of all strains in calves. Mice showed no signs of illness following intraperitoneal injection of three stains. The bacteriological findings suggested that a more appropriate name for these organisms would be Streptobacillus actinoides.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Pneumonia/veterinary , Streptobacillus/isolation & purification , Actinobacillus/classification , Animals , Bacterial Infections/etiology , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/etiology , Germ-Free Life , Lung/microbiology , Mice , Pneumonia/etiology , Pneumonia/microbiology , Streptobacillus/classification , Streptobacillus/pathogenicity , Terminology as Topic
15.
Res Vet Sci ; 27(2): 233-7, 1979 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-523812

ABSTRACT

Cloned cultures of 16 strains, representing nine different species of Mycoplasma and Acholeplasma, were inoculated intratracheally into gnotobiotic calves. Strains of M bovirhinis, M canadense, M verecundum, A axanthum and A modicum did not produce visible pneumonic lesions and were not reisolated from the lungs. Strains of M alkalescens and M arginini colonised the lower respiratory tract but failed to produce visible pneumonia. M bovigenitalium (strain M991/70) and M dispar (strain Gri226) both colonised the respiratory tract and induced pneumonic lesions estimated to involve up to 8 per cent (M bovigenitalium) and 17 per cent (M dispar) of the lung. Histologically M bovigenitalium produced a cuffing pneumonia and M dispar produced a interstitial alveolitis.


Subject(s)
Acholeplasma/pathogenicity , Cattle Diseases/etiology , Germ-Free Life , Mycoplasma Infections/veterinary , Mycoplasma/pathogenicity , Pneumonia/veterinary , Acholeplasma/isolation & purification , Animals , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/microbiology , Lung/microbiology , Mycoplasma/isolation & purification , Mycoplasma Infections/etiology , Mycoplasma Infections/microbiology , Pneumonia/etiology , Pneumonia/microbiology
16.
J Gen Virol ; 42(2): 315-22, 1979 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-84856

ABSTRACT

Cultures of Acholeplasma laidlawii strain M1305/68 were inoculated with Mycoplasmatales virus-laidlawii 3 (MV-L3) and examined by electron microscopy. Particles resembling MV-L3 were observed both intra- and extracellularly in thin sections prepared from MV-L3 infected cultures, but not from uninfected cultures. Similar particles were occasionally observed in uninoculated cultures of A. laidlawii strain BN1 cells, from which a virus (BN1 virus) was subsequently isolated. This virus was morphologically similar but not identical to MV-L3. It also differed serologically from, and in its resistance to, MV-L3 and the other mycoplasma viruses.


Subject(s)
Bacteriophages/isolation & purification , Acholeplasma laidlawii , Bacteriophages/immunology , Bacteriophages/ultrastructure , Cross Reactions , Epitopes , Inclusion Bodies, Viral , Neutralization Tests
17.
Arch Virol ; 61(4): 289-96, 1979.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-518304

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma virus MV-Lg-pS2-L172 was sensitive to heat (56 degrees C/30 minutes), Nonidet-P40 and ether. In these respects it resembled Plasmavirus MB-L2. However, it differed from MV-L2 (and the other mycoplasma viruses, MV-L1, MV-L3 and BN1 virus) in reciprocal plaque inhibition and serum neutralization tests (MV-L2 only). By plaque formation on host lawns resistant to the different mycoplasma viruses, including MV-Lg-pS2-L172, this latter virus was shown to be distinct from the other viruses, including MV-L2. Both MV-Lg-pS2-L172 and MV-L2 possessed one polypeptide band (out of 10) that was not common to the heterologous virus.


Subject(s)
Bacteriophages/analysis , Acholeplasma laidlawii , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Bacteriophages/physiology , Bacteriophages/ultrastructure , Hot Temperature , Mycoplasma , Viral Plaque Assay , Viral Proteins/analysis
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