ABSTRACT
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of virus infection and antioxidants are becoming promising candidates as therapeutic agents. This study is designed to investigate the effect of total flavonoids of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (TFSD) on oxidative stress in mice induced by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection. The PCV2 infection leads to significant decrease in thymus and spleen indices, elevation of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, reduction in GSH level and GSH to GSSG ratio and decline of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, indicating the formation of immunosuppression and oxidative stress. TFSD treatment recovered the alteration of viscera index, antioxidant content and activities of oxidative-associated enzymes to a level similar to control. Our findings suggested that PCV2 induced immunosuppression and oxidative stress in mice and TFSD might be able to protect animals from virus infection via regulation of immune function and inhibition of oxidative stress.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Fabaceae/chemistry , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Immunologic Factors/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/chemistry , Biomarkers , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Circoviridae Infections/drug therapy , Circoviridae Infections/immunology , Circoviridae Infections/metabolism , Circoviridae Infections/virology , Circovirus/drug effects , Flavonoids/chemistry , Immunologic Factors/chemistry , Mice , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Peroxidase/metabolism , Phytochemicals/chemistry , Phytochemicals/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Spleen/drug effects , Spleen/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Swine , Thymus Gland/drug effects , Thymus Gland/metabolismABSTRACT
The development of genome editing techniques based on CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas9 system has revolutionized biomedical researches. It can be utilized to edit genome sequence in almost any organisms including Caenorhabditis elegans, one of the most convenient and classic genetic model animals. The application of CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome editing in C. elegans promotes the functional analysis of gene and proteins under many physiological conditions. In this mini-review, we summarized the development of CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing in C. elegans.
