Risk assessment of infection control in operating room based on hazard vulnerability and refined process management.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of risk assessment in operating room infection control based on a hazard vulnerability analysis and refined process management, to clarify the weaknesses of infection control in operating rooms, and to provide evidence for the clinical prevention and control measures. METHODS: A refined risk assessment scale was designed based on a hazard vulnerability analysis and refined process management by screening the incidents related to operating room infections and determining the weighted coefficients. A total of 84 patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from February 2018 to March 2020 were enrolled as the study subjects according to convenience sampling and randomly assigned into an observation group and a control group, with 42 patients in each group. The observation group patients were treated and cared for following a risk assessment based on a hazard vulnerability analysis and refined process management. The control group patients underwent conventional management. The effect of the risk assessment based on a hazard vulnerability analysis and refined process management for infection control was evaluated by comparing the hazard specific risk values, the infection incidents, and the two groups' nursing satisfaction. RESULTS: After the intervention, the observation group had lower hazard specific risk values (all P<0.05), fewer infection incidents (P=0.044), and a higher patient satisfaction rate (P=0.047) than the control group. CONCLUSION: The treatment and nursing intervention for the patients based on the risk assessment improved the efficiency of the risk management, reduced the number of infection incidents, increased the patient satisfaction rate, and improved the clinical efficacy for the surgery patients. Our findings provide a data reference for operating room infection control and prevention.

The effects of video based nursing education on perioperative anxiety and depression in patients with gastric cancer.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of video-based nursing education on perioperative anxiety and depression. A total of 128 patients scheduled for minimally invasive gastrectomy were randomly divided into intervention (n = 64) and control (n = 64) group. The. The anxiety and depression scores, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were assessed before the intervention, 1 h before surgery and 24 h after surgery. And the cortisol levels were measured before the intervention and 1 h before surgery. No significant difference was observed in baseline anxiety score, depression score, vital signs and cortisol level (P > 0.05). The anxiety level, depression level, SBP, DBP and HR of patients in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group at 1 h before surgery and 24 hs after surgery (P < 0.05). The serum cortisol in the intervention group was also significantly lower than that in the control group 1 h before surgery (p < 0.001). Video-based nursing education was effective in decreasing the perioperative anxiety and depression of patients undergoing minimally invasive gastrectomy. It could also keep vital signs and serum cortisol levels in normal limits.

Defective mitophagy driven by dysregulation of rheb and KIF5B contributes to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) dependent proinflammatory response and aggravates lipotoxicity.

High-fat diet (HFD) and inflammation are the key contributors to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previous study shows fatty acid-induced accumulation of damaged, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating mitochondria, and this in turn activates the NLRP3 inflammasome interference with insulin signaling. Our previous research shows NLRP3 inflammasome activation signal originates from defects in autophagy. Yet how the fatty acid related to mitophagy alteration leads to the activation of NLRP3-ASC inflammasome has not been considered. Here we demonstrated that palmitate (PA) induced mitophagy deficiency, leading to damaged mitochondrion as characterized by mito-ROS production and loss of membrane potential. Antioxidant APDC or Ca(2+) signaling inhibitor Nifedipine blocked PA-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Further, we provided evidences that PA reduced the expression of Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb) and disrupted Rheb recruitment to the mitochondrial outer membrane. In addition, sustained PA caused disassociation of kinesin family member 5B (KIF5B) from binding with mitochondria via Ca(2+)-dependent effects. Disruption of Rheb and KIF5B interaction with mitochondria blocked mitochondrial degradation along with IL-1ß dependent insulin resistance, which was majorly attenuated by Rheb/KIF5B overexpression. In a consequence, defective mitophagy led to the accumulation of damaged-ROS-generating mitochondria, down pathway of NLRP3-ASC-Caspase 1 activation, and subsequently, insulin resistance. These findings provide insights into the association of inflammation, mitophagy and T2D.

Effect of hydrogen-rich water on oxidative stress, liver function, and viral load in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on oxidative stress, liver function and HBV DNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS: Sixty patients with CHB were randomly assigned into routine treatment group or hydrogen treatment group in which patients received routine treatment alone or additional oral HRW (1200-1800 mL/day, twice daily), respectively, for 6 consecutive weeks. Serum oxidative stress, liver function, and HBV DNA level were detected before and after treatment. Thirty healthy subjects served as controls. RESULTS: When compared with controls, oxidative stress was obvious in CHB patients, and the liver function also significantly impaired. After treatment, the oxidative stress remained unchanged in routine treatment group, but markedly improved in hydrogen treatment group. The liver function was improved significantly and the HBV DNA reduced markedly after corresponding treatments. Although a significant difference was noted in the oxidative stress between two groups after treatment, the liver function and HBV DNA level were comparable after treatment and both had improved tendencies. CONCLUSION: HRW significantly attenuates oxidative stress in CHB patients, but further study with long-term treatment is required to confirm the effect of HRW on liver function and HBV DNA level.