ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The current study aims to detect the serum level of miR-2467 in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and analyze its clinical significance. METHODS: The study included 67 pregnant women with GDM and 60 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance as control group. The serum miR-2467 level of pregnant women was detected by RT-PCR. The diagnostic efficiency of serum miR-2467 for GDM was analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, and the risk factors of GDM were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Pearson's correlation assay was used to analyze the correlation between serum miR-2467 and clinical indicators. The possible target gene of miR-2467 was predicted using TargetScan and validated using dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: The body mass index (BMI), TC, TG, LDL-C, FPG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and serum miR-2467 levels in the GDM group were higher than those in the control group. The serum miR-2467 level of GDM pregnant women was positively correlated with the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, FPG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR. The AUC of miR-2467 was 0.876 for GDM pregnant women. Logistic analysis showed that serum miR-2467 level was an independent risk factor for GDM. A conserved binding site was identified in the 3'UTR of adiponectin, and dual luciferase reporter assay showed that adiponectin was a target gene of miR-2467. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, the high level of serum miR-2467 can be used for the preliminary screening of GDM. Targeting the regulation of miR-2467/adiponectin might be a new strategy for the prevention of GDM.
Subject(s)
Diabetes, Gestational , Insulin Resistance , MicroRNAs , Adiponectin , Blood Glucose , Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis , Diabetes, Gestational/genetics , Female , Humans , MicroRNAs/genetics , PregnancyABSTRACT
A novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) with high molecular weight (3.65 × 105 Da) and film-forming ability was produced by the strain Kosakonia sp. CCTCC M2018092. Partially acid hydrolyzed EPS (AH-EPS) with high content of fucose was prepared and exhaustively characterized. The molecular weight of AH-EPS was determined to be 3.47 × 104 Da. GC-MS and HPLC analyses indicated that AH-EPS is composed of L-fucose, d-glucose, D-galactose, D-glucuronic acid and pyruvic acid in the molar ratio of 2.03:1.00:1.18:0.64:0.67. Chemical and NMR analyses revealed that AH-EPS is an anionic heteropolysaccharide, with a major linkage structural motif as follows. Utilizing AH-EPS as reducing and stabilizing agent, silver nanoparticles (AH-EPS@Ag NPs) with uniform size (diameter about 20 nm) were synthesized through a green method. A hybrid film containing EPS and AH-EPS@Ag NPs was further prepared, and its antibacterial effectiveness to Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed. Taken together, this work revealed the structural characteristics of a novel fucose-rich polysaccharide, with good potential in developing new biodegradable antibacterial film.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Enterobacteriaceae/chemistry , Fucose/chemistry , Membranes, Artificial , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrolysis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Methylation , Molecular Structure , Molecular Weight , Oxidation-Reduction , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/isolation & purification , Pyruvic Acid/chemistry , Silver/chemistry , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Stroke is common during the first few weeks after a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor ischemic stroke. Combination therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin may provide greater protection against subsequent stroke than aspirin alone. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 114 centers in China, we randomly assigned 5170 patients within 24 hours after the onset of minor ischemic stroke or high-risk TIA to combination therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin (clopidogrel at an initial dose of 300 mg, followed by 75 mg per day for 90 days, plus aspirin at a dose of 75 mg per day for the first 21 days) or to placebo plus aspirin (75 mg per day for 90 days). All participants received open-label aspirin at a clinician-determined dose of 75 to 300 mg on day 1. The primary outcome was stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) during 90 days of follow-up in an intention-to-treat analysis. Treatment differences were assessed with the use of a Cox proportional-hazards model, with study center as a random effect. RESULTS: Stroke occurred in 8.2% of patients in the clopidogrel-aspirin group, as compared with 11.7% of those in the aspirin group (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.81; P<0.001). Moderate or severe hemorrhage occurred in seven patients (0.3%) in the clopidogrel-aspirin group and in eight (0.3%) in the aspirin group (P=0.73); the rate of hemorrhagic stroke was 0.3% in each group. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with TIA or minor stroke who can be treated within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms, the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin is superior to aspirin alone for reducing the risk of stroke in the first 90 days and does not increase the risk of hemorrhage. (Funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; CHANCE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00979589.).
