Amide proton transfer-weighted MRI in predicting pathological types of brain metastases in lung Cancer.

Most brain metastases originate from lung cancer. The majority of cases of lung cancer can be categorized into squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma,necessitating distinct clinical treatments and yielding diverse prognoses.Therefore,accurate preoperative evaluation of pathological types through imaging techniques is essential. The objective of this study is to assess the capability of amide proton transfer-weighted(APTw) MRI in predicting the pathological types of brain metastases in lung cancer.Additionally,it seeks to evaluate whether APTw MRI can provide additional value to diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) at MRI·In this study,a total of 32 participants(mean age,60 ± 9 years;14 men) underwent evaluation,comprising 9 with squamous carcinoma and 23 with adenocarcinoma.Interestingly,adenocarcinoma demonstrated elevated APTw values(2.70 ± 0.81% vs 1.82 ± 0.47%;P = 0.001) and a higher apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) value(1.00 ± 0.40 × 10-3 mm2/s vs 0.77 ± 0.13 × 10-3 mm2/s;P<0.05) in comparison to squamous carcinoma. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) of APTw and ADC in distinguishing between squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were found to be 0.84 and 0.63,respectively.Moreover,the combined area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the two techniques is 0.84. Amide proton transfer-weighted has the potential to predict the pathological types of brain metastases in lung cancer.

Abnormal brain changes in a patient with vegetarian diet­induced subacute combined degeneration: A case report.

Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) is a neurological disorder caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, prevalent in the cervical and thoracic medullas, with an insidious onset and a lack of characteristic clinical manifestations. The present study describes a case of a 36-year-old female patient with SCD who demonstrated abnormal changes in the white matter of the brain. The laboratory test results showed a decrease in serum vitamin B12 levels and an increase in homocysteine levels. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed that, in addition to abnormal signals in the cervical and thoracic spine, speckled and short-striped abnormal signals were present, symmetrically distributed in the centrum semiovale. After 6 months of follow-up treatment, cranial MRI showed a significant attenuation of the symmetrical speckled and short-striped abnormal signals in the centrum semiovale. Homocysteine and serum vitamin B12 levels of the patient were within the expected range. Although, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of alterations in the brain of patients with SCD, if these patients report neurological symptoms, clinicians should consider that these symptoms may be accompanied by inflammatory demyelination of the brain.

Differential diagnostic value of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient for renal clear cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma.

Accurate identification of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtypes before surgery is important to determine appropriate surgical methods and clinical prognosis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the differential diagnostic value of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (MRI-DWI) and the measured apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in clear cell (cc) RCC and non-ccRCC. Imaging data (DWI and ADC) from 100 patients with pathologically confirmed RCC from March 2018 to March 2021 in Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, (Lanzhou, China) were retrospectively analyzed, including 32 cases of non-ccRCC (21 cases of chromophobe and 11 cases of papillary cell carcinoma) and 68 cases of ccRCC. Patients underwent MRI examination, including high and low B-value DWI, to compare the imaging features of the two RCC subtypes and the ADC values of tumor sites were measured. The results of the DWI and ADC were statistically different between the two RCC subtypes (P<0.01). The DWI of ccRCC was primarily low, equal or slightly high signal. ADC of ccRCC was mainly equal or slightly high signal and the high B-value DWI signal was lower than the low B-value DWI. DWI of non-ccRCC was mostly obviously high signal. ADC of non-ccRCC was mostly uniform, obviously low signal and the high B-value DWI signal was markedly higher than the low B-value DWI. The ADC values of non-ccRCC were lower than those of ccRCC, and the ADC values <1.42±0.48×10-3 mm2/s were mostly non-ccRCC. In conclusion, MRI-DWI and ADC can be used to differentiate subtypes of RCC to determine appropriate surgical methods and clinical prognosis.