ABSTRACT
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are precursors of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Deregulated cellular energy metabolism is a critical hallmark of cancer cells. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC1α) plays vital role in mitochondrial energy metabolism. However, the molecular mechanism of PGC1α on OPMDs progression is less unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of knockdown PGC1α on human dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOKs) comprehensively, including cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, xenograft tumor, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (ETC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and glucose uptake. We found that knockdown PGC1α significantly inhibited the proliferation of DOKs in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, induced S-phase arrest, and suppressed PI3K/Akt signaling pathway without affecting cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, downregulated of PGC1α decreased mtDNA, ETC, and OCR, while enhancing ROS, glucose uptake, ECAR, and glycolysis by regulating lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Moreover, SR18292 (an inhibitor of PGC1α) induced oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction of DOKs and declined DOK xenograft tumor progression. Thus, our work suggests that PGC1α plays a crucial role in cell proliferation by reprograming energy metabolism and interfering with energy metabolism, acting as a potential therapeutic target for OPMDs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism , Cell Proliferation , DNA, Mitochondrial , Energy Metabolism , Glucose , Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism , Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Reactive Oxygen SpeciesABSTRACT
Objective This review aimed at assessing the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the diagnosis of mandibular invasion by oral cancers. Methods Five databases were searched electronically on August 5, 2016. The reference lists of included studies were hand searched. Quality assessment was performed by two reviewers in duplicate with tools suggested by Cochrane's handbook. Furthermore, the data extraction of included studies was delivered. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 11.0. Results Ten studies with 460 participants were included. One study had a low risk of bias, and two studies had a high risk of bias. The remaining seven studies had an unclear risk of bias. Meta-analysis results showed that SPECT had a pooled sensitivity of 0.99 [95% confidence interval=0.87-â©1.00]. Sensitivity was 0.99 on Q* point. The specificity of 0.61 and the area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were 0.93 [95% confidence interval=0.90-â©0.95]. The pooled positive likelihood ratio was 2.555. The negative likelihood ratio was 0.015. The diagnostic odd ratio was 5.115. Conclusion SPECT had high sensitivity, which became suitable for excluding bone invasion by oral cancers. However, its specificity was relatively low, indicating its limited capability in confirming diagnosis. Therefore, surgeons should perform this method under certain conditions.
Subject(s)
Mandible , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , Humans , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the polishing performance of five different glass-ceramic polishing tools on CEREC Blocs ceramic and provide evidence for clinical polishing tool selection. METHODS: Sixty ceramic specimens were prepared and divided into six groups (n=10). These specimens received different surface treatments, including glazing (group G), polishing with Shofu polishing set, that is, Porcelain Adjustment Kit+CeraMaster (group SF), 3M Sof-LexTM Discs (group 3M), TobooM polishing set (group Tob), EVE DIAPRO system (group EVE), and Ivoclar Vivadent OptraFine® system (group Ivo). Polishing quality was measured with a profilometer, and we selected Ra and Rz values for statistical analysis. Qualitative surface evaluation was performed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: The mean Ra values of each group were as follows: G (0.069 µm±0.008 µm)<3M (0.073 µm±0.009 µm)
Subject(s)
Dental Polishing , Surface Properties , Acrylic Resins , Ceramics , Composite Resins , Dental Porcelain , Humans , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , PolyurethanesABSTRACT
Objective This review aimed at assessing the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the diagnosis of mandibular invasion by oral cancers. Methods Five databases were searched electronically on August 5, 2016. The reference lists of included studies were hand searched. Quality assessment was performed by two reviewers in duplicate with tools suggested by Cochrane's handbook. Furthermore, the data extraction of included studies was delivered. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 11.0. Results Ten studies with 460 participants were included. One study had a low risk of bias, and two studies had a high risk of bias. The remaining seven studies had an unclear risk of bias. Meta-analysis results showed that SPECT had a pooled sensitivity of 0.99 [95% confidence interval=0.87- 1.00]. Sensitivity was 0.99 on Q* point. The specificity of 0.61 and the area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were 0.93 [95% confidence interval=0.90- 0.95]. The pooled positive likelihood ratio was 2.555. The negative likelihood ratio was 0.015. The diagnostic odd ratio was 5.115. Conclusion SPECT had high sensitivity, which became suitable for excluding bone invasion by oral cancers. However, its specificity was relatively low, indicating its limited capability in confirming diagnosis. Therefore, surgeons should perform this method under certain conditions.
