ABSTRACT
Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis is one of the factors threatening human health. It is very important to find drugs for the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Tibetan medicine is one of the traditional medical systems in China. It has rich experience in treating various diseases. This paper summarizes the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis through literature review of Tibetan medicine monographs, drug standards, Tibetan medicine, and prescriptions. In the Tibetan medicine system, 170 kinds of Tibetan medicine and 38 kinds of Tibetan prescriptions were found to treat cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Among them, there are 35 modern researches related to the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Their names, families, medicinal parts, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities are introduced in detail. These Tibetan medicines and prescriptions may be a precious gift of ancient Tibetan medicine to the world, and may also become potential drug candidates for the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Modern phytochemistry, pharmacology, metabonomics, and/or clinical trials can be used to confirm its medicinal value in the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, identify active compounds, clarify its potential mechanism of action, and clarify its toxicity and side effects. This article provides a new idea and source for the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To invest igate the medication regulation of Tibetan medicine prescription of Punica granatum seeds， and to analyze the pharmaceutical property of it in the treatment of “Sanweihuo”（Me drod gusm) dysfunction induced-related diseases. METHODS ：Using Clinical Notes of Tibetan Medicine ，Medicine Standard of the Ministry of Public Health ：Tibetan Medicine as standard ，Tibetan medicine prescriptions of P. granatum seeds recorded in Sibu Yidian ，Yuewang Yaozhen and other medical records were collected ，and TCMISS V 2.5 software was used to analyze main indication and medicine frequency statistically. The core medicine combinations of the prescriptions were analyzed with Apriori algorithm （support degree ≥50％， confidence degree ≥90％)，and medication regulations were analyzed. Tibetan medicine “Ro Nus Zhu rJes ”vector model was used to analyze the properties of Tibetan medicine prescription of P. granatum seeds in the treatment of high frequency diseases ，and K-means cluster analysis was carried out for seventeen effectiveness. RESULTS ：A total of 300 Tibetan medicine prescriptions of P. granatum seeds were collected ，involving 104 kinds of main indications ，among which frequency of 18 kinds of indications was more than or equal to 10 times，including“non-indigestion syndrome ”（Ma Zhu ba) （76 times)，“wood cloth disease ”（Smug po) （46 times)，“edema”（Chu nad) （34 times)，etc. Totally 322 kinds of Tibetan medicines were involved. Among them ，21 flavors were more than or equal to 50 in frequency ，including Piper longum （192 times)，Amomum kravanh （164 times) and Carthamus tinctorius（134 times)，etc. Fifty-six core combinations were obtained ，mainly including P. granatum seeds-P. longum （192 times)， P. granatum seeds-A. kravanh （164 times) and P. granatum seeds-C. tinctorius （134 times). The prescriptions （13 pieces) with six flavors as pungent ，sweet and sour ，and with prominent medicinal properties such as roughness ，heat and dry effects could be used to treat “non-indigestion syndrome ”，and then included into type Ⅰ. The prescriptions （13 pieces) with six flavors as bitter ，sweet and pungent ，and with prominent medicinal properties such as cooling ，dull and heavy effects could be used to treat “wood cloth disease”，and then included into type Ⅱ. The prescriptions （11 pieces) with six flavors as sweet ，sour and pungent ，and with prominent medicinal properties such as dull ，heavy and moistening effects could be used to treat “edema”，and then included into type Ⅲ. CONCLUSIONS ：Tibetan medicine P. granatum seeds is often used in combination with the isothermal medicines such as P. longum ，A. kravanh . P. granatum seeds are also commonly found in cool prescriptions ，revealing that Tibetan medicine pays attention to “Sanweihuo”while treating diseases ，which embodies the academic thought of Tibetan medicine that “there is cooling in temperature ，and there is temperature in cooling ”.
