ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a relatively common gynecologic endocrine disorder, which is hypogonadism associated with amenorrhea, increased levels of gonadotropins, and hypoestrogenism. POI resulting from ovarian autoimmunity is a poorly understood clinical condition lacking effective treatments. This study is aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency. METHODS: In this study, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to clarify the therapeutic effects and possible mechanisms of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBMSCs) on autoimmune POI, and to provide an experimental evidence for the treatment of autoimmune POI by hBMSCs. Noteworthy, in this study, we used interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) to induce autoimmune inflammation in human granulosa cell line KGN, simulating the pathophysiological changes of granulosa cells in autoimmune POI, and therefore sought to establish an in vitro cell model of autoimmune POI, which is still lacking in experimental methodology. RESULTS: And we found that, in vitro, co-culture of hBMSCs could promote granulosa cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, improve hormone synthesis capacity, and reduce the occurrence of pyroptosis; and in vivo, hBMSCs resulted in improved estrous cycle disorders in autoimmune POI mice, increased serum estradiol, decreased follicle-stimulating hormone, improved ovarian morphology, increased number of primordial and primary follicles, decreased number of atretic follicles, and decreased ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: hBMSCs have therapeutic effects on autoimmune POI both in vitro and in vivo.
Subject(s)
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency , Humans , Mice , Female , Animals , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/therapy , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/metabolismABSTRACT
Objective·To access glycemic control status and investigate its impact factors of patients with short-term history of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pujiang Town,Minhang District,Shanghai.Methods·The clinical information was collected by a standard questionnaire in 1 994 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients from the community.FPG,HbA lc,and PPG after meal of 100 g steamed bread made of standard flour were measured.429 patients with 5-years duration of diabetes were qualified in the final analysis.Ideal blood glucose control was FPG＜7.0 mmol/L,PPG＜10.0 rnmol/L and HbAlc＜7.0％.Results·The proportion of patients with ideal blood glucose,FPG,PPG,and HbAlc control were 7.9％,32.6％,12.6％ and 38.2％,respectively.Patients with middle school-and high school-education were at lower risks for poor glycemic control (age-and sex-adjusted OR=0.60,95％ CI 0.37-0.96).Duration of diabetes,insulin resistance and blood pressure were negatively associated with glycemic control (age-and sex-adjusted,OR=1.95,95％ CI 1.30-2.91;OR=2.52,95％ CI 1.57-4.03;OR=1.94,95％ CI 1.22-3.09,respectively).Conclusion·Patients in Pujiang community had substantially poor glycemic control.Less-educated diabetic patients should be emphasized on the importance of postprandial glycemic control.
