Current status and progress in the standardized surgical management of specimens after radical gastric cancer surgery / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Standardized surgical management of postoperative specimens of gastric cancer is an important part of the standardized diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. It can reflect the accurate number and detailed distribution of lymph nodes in the specimen and lay the foundation for accurate and standardized pathological reports after surgery. Meanwhile, it can evaluate the scope of intraoperative lymph node dissection, the safety of cutting edge, and the standardization of surgery (principle of en-bloc dissection), which is an important means of surgical quality control. It also provides accurate research samples for further research and is an important way for young surgeons to train their clinical skills. The surgical management of postoperative specimens for gastric cancer needs to be standardized, including specimen processing personnel, processing flow, resection margin examination, lymph node sorting, measurement after specimen dissection, storage of biological specimens, documentation of recorded data, etc. The promotion of standardized surgical management of specimens after radical gastrectomy can promote the homogenization of gastric cancer surgical diagnosis and treatment in medical institutions and further promote the high-quality development of gastric cancer surgery in China.

The cSNPs analysis in whole extron-wide of PGC-1alpha gene in Chinese population and the domain MEF2C bioinformatics study / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze distribution characteristics of PGC-1alpha gene coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (cSNPs), and to investigate the association between cSNPs and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to study biological information about PGC-1alpha domain muscle enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) in Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>These cSNPs were identified by means of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA direct sequencing technology in a total of 263 type 2 diabetic patients and 282 normal glucose tolerant controls. The possible association was analyzed between type 2 diabetes mellitus and the specific cSNPs and their haplotypes by case-control method. The tertiary structure of PGC-1alpha domain MEF2C was predicated and analyzed for possible biological information by a series of bioinformatics soft wares.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four variants were found in whole extron-wide of PGC-1alpha gene in Chinese Han diabetic population. They were 394G/A, 482G/A, 528A/G and 612C/T. The 482G/A polymorphism was remarkably associated with type 2 diabetes (chi2 = 14.2025, P= 0.0002). Haplotypes analysis shown that distribution frequency of haplotypes had a statistical difference between type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal glucose tolerance control groups (chi2 = 59.9, P< 0.01) and haplotype 394A-482A-528A had a linkage disequilibrium with type 2 diabetes (t= 2.361, P< 0.05). The tertiary simulant structure of PGC-1alpha domain MEF2C was established successfully by computer. The 482G/A variant accompanied with hydrogen bonds breaking might decrease hydrophobicity and lead to an incompact space configuration which was very critical to function.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 482G/A variant could decrease binding force between PGC-1alpha and MEF2C and increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese Han population by PGC-1alpha -MEF2C-GLUT-4 pathway.</p>